Spatiotemporal Spread of Potato virus S and Potato virus X in Seed Potato in Tasmania, Australia

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan J. Lambert ◽  
Frank S. Hay ◽  
Sarah J. Pethybridge ◽  
Calum R. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Seed Potato ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Potato Virus X ◽  
Russet Burbank ◽  
Mechanical Transmission ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distribution ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Potato Virus S ◽  
The Mean

The spatial and temporal distribution of Potato virus S (PVS) and Potato virus X (PVX) was studied in two trials within each of four commercial fields of seed potato var. Russet Burbank in Tasmania, Australia. In the first trial (plots) 20 leaflets were collected from each of 49 plots (each approximately 8 m wide by 10 m long), with plots arranged in a 7-×-7 lattice. In the second trial (transects), leaflets were collected at 1-m intervals along seven adjacent, 50-m long rows. The mean incidence of PVS increased during the season by 5.2% in one of four plot trials and 25.5% in one of four transect trials. The mean incidence of PVX increased during the season by 10.1%, in one of two transect trials. Spatial Analysis by Distance IndicEs and ordinary runs analysis detected aggregation of PVS infected plants early in the season in one and two fields respectively, suggesting transmission during seed-cutting or during planting. An increase in PVS incidence mid- to late season in one field was associated with aggregation of PVS along, but not across rows, which may be related to the closer plant spacing within rows and hence increased potential for mechanical transmission along rows. Results suggested limited spread of PVS and PVX occurred within crops during the season. Accepted for publication 9 April 2007. Published 26 July 2007.

scholarly journals One-step real-time multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay with melt curve analysis for detection of potato leafroll virus, potato virus S, potato virus X, and potato virus Y

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuya Onozuka ◽  
Takehiro Ohki ◽  
Norikuni Oka ◽  
Tetsuo Maoka
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Seed Potato ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus X ◽  
Virus Species ◽  
Potato Virus S ◽  
Melt Curve Analysis ◽  
One Step ◽  
High Throughput Detection ◽  
Leafroll Virus

Abstract Background Certification of seed potato as free of viruses is essential for stable potato production. Among more than 30 virus species infecting potato, potato leafroll virus (PLRV), potato virus S (PVS), potato virus X (PVX), and potato virus Y (PVY) predominate worldwide and should be the targets of a high-throughput detection protocol for seed potato quarantine. Results We developed an assay based on one-step real-time multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (mRT-PCR) with melt curve analysis for the four viruses and one internal control, potato elongation factor 1 alpha gene (EF1α). Virus-specific primers were derived from conserved regions among randomly selected representatives considering viral genomic diversity. Our assay simultaneously detected representative Japanese isolates of PLRV, O lineage of PVS, PVX, and NTN strain of PVY. The variability of melting temperature (Tm) values for each virus was confirmed using Japanese isolates, and virus species could be identified by the values of 87.6 for PLRV, 85.9 for PVX, 82.2 (Ordinary lineage) to 83.1 (Andean lineage) for PVS, and 79.4 (NA-N strain) to 80.5 (O strain and NTN strain) for PVY on average. The reliability of calculation was validated by comparing the calculated Tm values and measured Tm values and the values had a strong linear correlation (correlation of determination: R2 = 0.9875). Based on the calculated Tm values, representative non-Japanese isolates could also be identified by our assay. For removing false positives, two criteria were set for the evaluation of result; successful amplification was considered as 30.0 ≥ threshold cycle value, and the virus-specific peak higher than the EF1α-specific peak was considered as positive. According to these criteria, our assay could detect PLRV and PVS from 100-fold dilution of potato leaf homogenate and PVX and PVY from 1000-fold in a model assay. Conclusion This new high-throughput detection protocol using one-step real-time mRT-PCR was sensitive enough to detect viruses in a 100-fold dilution of singly-virus contaminated homogenate in a model assay. This protocol can detect the four viruses in one assay and yield faster results for a vast number of samples, and greatly save the labor for seed potato quarantine and field surveys.

scholarly journals Tomato severe rugose virus: Another Begomovirus Causing Leaf Deformation and Mosaic Symptoms on Potato in Brazil

Plant Disease ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. C. Souza-Dias ◽  
H. E. Sawazaki ◽  
P. C. A. Pernambuco-Fo ◽  
L. M. Elias ◽  
H. Maluf
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Seed Potato ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Mechanical Transmission ◽  
Streak Virus ◽  
Potato Leaf ◽  
Potato Virus S ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Datura Metel ◽  
Test Plants

Over the past 10 years, Tomato yellow vein streak virus (ToYVSV) has been a major begomovirus in the main solanaceous crop region of Campinas, São Paulo, which includes counties of Sumaré, Monte Mor, Elias Fausto, and Indaiatuba. The top leaves of potato plants (Solanum tuberosum) having deforming mosaic symptoms (dms), which includes a yellow mosaic or mottling on distorted and deformed leaflets, were associated with this geminivirus (4). Recently, a table potato crop (cv. Agata) from Sumaré, with a record of a few or no white flies (Bemisia tabaci), during the winter season of June to September 2006 had 5 to 7% dms, suggestive of seed potato tuber borne virus infection. Double-antibody sandwich (DAS)-ELISA for Potato virus Y (PVY), Potato leaf roll virus (PLRV), Potato virus X (PVX), and Potato virus S (PVS) (SASA kits and protocols, Edinburgh, Scotland) gave negative results for four field collected potato plants showing dms. Bioassays (mechanical transmission from potato leaf extracts in phosphate buffered saline, 1:5 w/v) with test plants of Nicotiana tabaccum cvs. Turkish and TNN, Gomphrena globosa, Chenopodium quinoa, Datura metel, Solanum tuberosum, and a Physalis sp. were all negative. Inoculated D. stramonium developed symptoms resembling ToYVSV infection including vein clearing and mild mottling on new leaves 2 to 3 weeks postinoculation. Using primers PAC1v1978/PAV1c715 for begomovirus detection (3), the predicted PCR amplified fragment of 1,320 bp was obtained from leaf DNA extracted from all four of the dms field potato plants, as well as the inoculated and symptomatic D. stramoniium test plants. Sequence analysis indicated 100% nt identity among the 1.3-kb PCR fragments obtained from potato and D. stramonium infected plants. Sequences of 96 cloned amplicons (pGEM-T Easy Kit; Promega, Madison, WI) from symptomatic plants in the Sumaré potato field were 98 to 99% identical to Tomato severe rugose virus (ToSRV). BLAST analysis of a consensus sequence (Sequencher 3.1; Gene Codes Corporation, Ann Arbor, MI) revealed more than 95 and 99% identity with ToSRV isolates from Uberlandia (Accession No. AY029750) and Goias (Accession No. DQ207749), respectively. The DNA-based phylogenetic dendrogram confirmed the highest similarity with ToSRV and the lowest similarity with ToYVSV (72%), which was located in another cluster. These results indicate that ToSRV was the causal agent producing dms in potato plants from Sumaré. Therefore, similarly to ToYVSV (4), potato dms can be caused by ToSRV. Preliminary tests revealed that ToSRV was transmitted via seed tubers. Thus, it is of concern for seed potato certification in Brazil, especially in the major seed-potato-producing state of Santa Catarina where an outbreak of ToSRV was recently reported in tomato crops (1). Although ToSRV has been identified in other solanaceous crops in Brazil, especially tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and sweet pepper (Capsicum annum) (2), to our knowledge, this is the first report of ToSRV in potato in Brazil. Reference: (1) A. T. M. Lima et al. Fitopatol. Bras. 31:224, 2006. (2) D. N. Nozaki et al. Summa Phytopathol. 33:93, 2007. (3) M. R. Rojas et al. Plant Dis. 77:340, 1993. (4) J. A. C. Souza-Dias et al. CultivarHF 5(26):22, 2004.

Potato viruses and resistance genes in potato

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Ahmadvand ◽  
A. Takács ◽  
J. Taller ◽  
I. Wolf ◽  
Z. Polgár
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Leaf Roll ◽  
Potato Virus X ◽  
Potato Leaf ◽  
Potato Virus S ◽  
Potato Virus A ◽  
The World ◽  
Potato Virus M ◽  
Cultivated Potatoes

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the fourth most important food crop in the world. It is the most economically valuable and well-known member of the plant family Solanaceae. Potato is the host of many pathogens, including fungi, bacteria, Phytoplasmas, viruses, viroids and nematodes, which cause reductions in the quantity and quality of yield. Apart from the late blight fungus [Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary] viruses are the most important pathogens, with over 40 viruses and virus-like pathogens infecting cultivated potatoes in the field, among which Potato virus Y (PVY), Potato leaf roll virus (PLRV), Potato virus X (PVX), Potato virus A (PVA), Potato virus S (PVS) and Potato virus M (PVM) are some of the most important viruses in the world. In this review, their characteristics and types of resistance to them will be discussed.

scholarly journals Presence and distribution of economically important potato viruses in Montenegro

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-127
Author(s):  
Jelena Zindovic
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Leaf Roll ◽  
Potato Virus X ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Potato Leaf ◽  
Potato Virus S ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Potato Viruses ◽  
Das Elisa

The research was carried out, in the period 2002-2004 in order to determine the presence and distribution of potato viruses at 12 different locations and on 9 different potato varieties grown in Montenegro. The research included collecting of samples in seed potato crops and testing of six economically important potato viruses: Potato leaf roll virus (PLRV), Potato virus Y (PVY), Potato virus X (PVX), Potato virus S (PVS), Potato virus A (PVA) i Potato virus M (PVM). Using the direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) and commercial antisera specific for six potato viruses, it was found that PVY was the most frequent virus during the three-year research period. The second frequent virus was PVS, followed by PVA, PLRV, PVM and PVX. Single and mixed infections were detected, and the most prevalent were the single infections of PVY. Also, in the period 2002-2004, PVY had the highest distribution and the number of present viruses was different at different localities and on different potato varieties. Further investigations were related to detailed characterization of the most prevalent virus (PVY), which is at the same time economically the most important one. Serological characterization of PVY was performed utilizing DAS-ELISA kit with commercial monoclonal antibodies specific for detection of the three strain groups of PVY, and the two strain groups - necrotic (PVYN/PVYNTN) and common (PVYO), were identified. Necrotic strains were prevalent in 2002 and 2004, while in 2003 PVYO was the most frequent strain in virus population. The presence of stipple streak strain (PVYC) was not detected in any of the tested samples.

The Incidence and Genetic Diversity of Potato virus S in Serbian Seed Potato Crops

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-46
Author(s):  
Danijela Ristić ◽  
Ivan Vučurović ◽  
Slobodan Kuzmanović ◽  
Erika Pfaf-Dolovac ◽  
Goran Aleksić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Seed Potato ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus S ◽  
Potato Crops

Detection, spread, and aphid transmission of potato virus S

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. MacKinnon
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus X ◽  
Aphid Transmission ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Green Mountain ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Potato Virus S ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum L ◽  
Nicotiana Debneyi

Seventy-two potato tubers of 106 tested from plants exposed 1 year in a field were found infected with potato virus S (PVS) in different tests. Ninety-three percent of these were detected by tuber juice inoculation to Nicotiana debneyi Domin. and 90% by serology of 30-cm plants grown from an eye of such tubers. Sap inoculation to N. debneyi of the same young plants proved to be 96% efficient in detecting the virus, and serological tests at bloom stage were the most efficient of all the tests compared.Tests done on all tubers from 18 plants currently infected with PVS showed that 103 of 116 (89%) were infected, and virtually all eyes from 68 infected tubers produced infected plants.Three years of field trials at Fredericton on the spread of PVS showed that the virus moved into virus-free varieties independently of potato virus X (PVX). In 1970, leaf tests showed that virus-free Netted Gems became 12% infected with PVS; in 1971, spread into Green Mountain, Kennebec, and Sebago was 57, 19, and 9%, respectively; and in 1972, 14% spread occurred in Green Mountain and none in Kennebec or Sebago.Greenhouse experiments on transmission of PVS to potato by Myzus persicae (Sulz.) resulted in 3 of 87 (3.4%) plants becoming infected. Other tests with potato virus Y (PVY) to tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum L. var. Samsun, resulted in 83% transmission.

scholarly journals Macroarray Detection of Eleven Potato-Infecting Viruses and Potato spindle tuber viroid

Plant Disease ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 730-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bright Agindotan ◽  
Keith L. Perry
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Tobacco Rattle Virus ◽  
Alfalfa Mosaic Virus ◽  
Potato Virus X ◽  
Potato Spindle Tuber Viroid ◽  
Apparent Competition ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Potato Virus S

A macroarray was developed for the detection of 11 potato viruses and Potato spindle tuber viroid. The 11 viruses detected included those commonly found or tested for in North American potato seed certification programs: Alfalfa mosaic virus, Cucumber mosaic virus, Potato mop top virus, Potato leafroll virus, Potato latent virus, Potato virus A, Potato virus M, Potato virus S, Potato virus X, Potato virus Y, and Tobacco rattle virus. These viruses were detected using oligonucleotide 70-mer probes and labeled targets prepared by a random primed amplification procedure. Potato plants analyzed included those infected with 12 reference virus stocks and 36 field isolates. Results from the macroarray were entirely consistent with those obtained using a standard serological assay (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). Four isolates of Potato spindle tuber viroid, in mixed infection with one or more viruses, also were detected in the array, although strong hybridization signals required amplification with viroid-specific primers in combination with anchored-random primers. In individual plants, up to four viruses, or a viroid plus two viruses, were detected, with no apparent competition or inhibition. Macroarrays are a cost-effective approach to the simultaneous diagnostic detection of multiple pathogens from infected plants.

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