scholarly journals Quantification of Colletotrichum fioriniae in orchards and deciduous forests indicates it is primarily a leaf endophyte

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip L. Martin ◽  
Kari Peter
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Bitter Rot ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Forest Plant Species ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits ◽  
Published Research ◽  
Disease Understanding

Colletotrichum fioriniae of the C. acutatum species complex is an important hemi-biotrophic pathogen of vegetables and fruits in temperate regions world-wide. In apple, it is one of the primary species responsible for bitter rot disease. Understanding the disease cycle is complicated because many broadleaf plants can be hosts of C. fioriniae. By detecting and quantifying rain-splashed C. acutatum species complex conidia in over 500 samples from heavily bitter-rot-infected apple orchards and nearby forested woodlots over two summers we show that conidial quantities were higher in the woodlots than in the orchards. Testing of over 1,000 surface disinfected leaves of apple and 24 different forest plant species showed that overall C. fioriniae was an abundant leaf endophyte, with high variation in leaf colonization area. Endophytic isolates from leaves were pathogenic on apples, and multi-locus sequence analysis showed 100% identity between most isolates from leaves and diseased fruits. Apple leaves endophytically infected with C. fioriniae were present in a conventionally managed orchard and abundant in an untreated orchard. These lines of evidence, in the context of previously published research, lead us to hypothesize that the main ecological role of C. fioriniae is that of a leaf endophyte, which we present as a generalized C. fioriniae infection cycle that provides an updated framework for its integrated management in agricultural systems.

Energy Management of Electromechanical Systems on the Board of a Ship

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Laurențiu Bogdan Asalomia ◽  
Gheorghe Samoilescu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Integrated Management System ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Energy Flows ◽  
Reduce Emissions ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Productive Time

AbstractThe paper analyzes, starting from the Integrated Management System, the role of automation, the role of the officer and the role of the Energy Management System on board the ship. The implementation of an EnMS establishes the structure and discipline of identifying energy flows, implementing management actions and, finally, applying technical solutions, which significantly reduce energy costs, reduce non-productive time in production, and reduce emissions. of Greenhouse Gases in the environment. The steps to be highlighted in the realization of energy management are analyzed.

scholarly journals Entrepreneurial ecosystems: Founding figures and research frontiers in economic geography

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 55-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susann Schäfer ◽  
Heike Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Economic Geography ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystem ◽  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystems ◽  
Published Research ◽  
Research Frontiers

Abstract The editorial for the special issue on entrepreneurial ecosystems summarizes the ongoing debate on the entrepreneurial ecosystem concept and portrays the backgrounds of founding figures of the concept. It traces the unique contribution of this issue with regard to recently published research. The contributions deal with the measurement of and the role of specific actors and institutions in entrepreneurial ecosystems.

Ethnicity and Voting Patterns in South Africa

1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 458-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Lever
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Categorical Data ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Party Choice ◽  
Political Choices ◽  
Electoral Behaviour ◽  
Log Linear ◽  
Published Research

There is some controversy concerning the role of ethnicity in South African electoral behaviour. Since the society is segmented on ethnic lines it is to be expected that ethnicity would play a crucial role in affecting political choices. Some writers have gone so far as to suggest that ethnicity is the only significant factor affecting voting preferences. The controversy arose at a time when Goodman's method of log-linear analysis for hierarchical models had not yet been developed. This method provides the most powerful tool available for the multivariate analysis of categorical data. A re-analysis of previously published research using Goodman's method shows that ethnicity is not the only significant factor having a bearing on voting preferences. The first four-way table of voting preferences in South Africa is presented. The order of importance of the variables affecting party choice is: (1) ethnicity (2) socio-economic status (3) age of the voter. The recursive model suggested by the analysis explains approximately 98 per cent of the data.

Publishing Productivity in Sport Psychology 1970–2000: An Exploratory Examination of the Lotka-Price Law

2003 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Baker ◽  
Jennifer Robertson-Wilson ◽  
Whitney Sedgwick
Keyword(s):  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Scientific Productivity ◽  
Eminent Scientist ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Limited Support ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Published Research ◽  
Shed Light

The current study examined whether the distribution of published research papers in the field of sport psychology followed the Lotka-Price Law of scientific productivity. All authors who had published articles in five sport psychology journals from 1970 to 2000 were considered. The impact of those authors was determined by the total number of published papers in all journals. Results provided limited support for the Lotka-Price Law; however, it appeared that the field of sport psychology was less elitist than other fields. Although these findings suggest that productivity in this field is similar to that in other fields of science, more research is needed to shed light on the role of the eminent scientist and the average researcher in the advancement of knowledge in sport psychology.

Integrated watershed management in Quebec (Canada): a participatory approach centred on local solidarity

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Baril ◽  
Y. Maranda ◽  
J. Baudrand
Keyword(s):  
Water Policy ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Water Governance ◽  
Public Consultation ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Integrated Water Management ◽  
The Government ◽  
Development Perspective ◽  
Initial Process

The Quebec Water Policy was launched in November 2002 in support of reform of the water governance. One of the government commitments is to gradually implement watershed-based management for 33 major watercourses located primarily in the St. Lawrence plain. At the local and regional levels, watershed organizations are responsible for implementing integrated management, from a sustainable-development perspective, by preparing a master plan for water (MPW), which will include watercourses, lakes, wetlands and aquifers. These watershed organizations rely on public consultation, as well as local and regional expertise, on the responsibilities for water of the municipalities and regional county municipalities of the territory, as well as those of the ministries and other government agencies. They are also required to observe national priorities regarding protection, restoration, and development of water resources and to comply with relevant guidelines, directives, standards, regulations, and legislation. The role of watershed organizations is to act as planning and consultation tables. Government representatives are present, on the initial process, as the facilitator and for scientific and technical support. They do not have, at this moment, any voting or decisional rights. After two years, integrated water management mobilized water stakeholders on watersheds and they are on their way to initiating their first MPW.

scholarly journals Initial growth and development of southern sandbur based on thermal units

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.C.R. Machado ◽  
R.S.O. Lima ◽  
A.P.P. Silva ◽  
B.S. Marques ◽  
M.F. Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Base Temperature ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Weed Biology ◽  
Best Fit

Availability of basic information on weed biology is an essential tool for designing integrated management programs for agricultural systems. Thus, this study was carried out in order to calculate the base temperature (Tb) of southern sandbur (Cenchrus echinatus), as well as fit the initial growth and development of the species to accumulated thermal units (growing degree days - GDD). For that purpose, experimental populations were sown six times in summer/autumn conditions (decreasing photoperiod) and six times in winter/spring condition (increasing photoperiod). Southern sandbur phenological evaluations were carried out, on alternate days, and total dry matter was measured when plants reached the flowering stage. All the growth and development fits were performed based on thermal units by assessing five base temperatures, as well as the absence of it. Southern sandbur development was best fit with Tb = 12 ºC, with equation y = 0,0993x, where y is the scale of phenological stage and x is the GDD. On average, flowering was reached at 518 GDD. Southern sandbur phenology may be predicted by using mathematical models based on accumulated thermal units, adopting Tb = 12 ºC. However, other environmental variables may also interfere with species development, particularly photoperiod.

Urban drainage redefined: from stormwater removal to integrated management

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Chocat ◽  
P. Krebs ◽  
J. Marsalek ◽  
W. Rauch ◽  
W. Schilling
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Wastewater Systems ◽  
Adaptive Water Management ◽  
Receiving Waters ◽  
The Many

Even though urban drainage has been practised for more than 5000 years, many challenges arising from growing demands on drainage still remain with respect to runoff quantity and quality; landscape aesthetics, ecology and beneficial uses; and operation of existing urban wastewater systems. Further advances can be achieved by adopting an integrated approach, optimal operation of the existing infrastructure, advanced pollution and runoff source controls, improved resilience of receiving waters, and adaptive water management. The specific research needs include new technologies and strategies for stormwater management, advanced treatment of urban wet-weather effluents, and tools for analysis and operation of drainage systems. High diversity of demands on, and region/site specific conditions of, urban drainage shapes the role of urban drainage experts – as mediators among the many stakeholders and fields involved.

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