scholarly journals Oocyte-Specific H2A Variant H2af1o Is Required for Cell Synchrony Before Midblastula Transition in Early Zebrafish Embryos1

2013 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua-Mei Yue ◽  
Zhi Li ◽  
Nan Wu ◽  
Zhen Liu ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Midblastula Transition ◽  
Cell Synchrony

The zebrafish midblastula transition

Development ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 447-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.A. Kane ◽  
C.B. Kimmel
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Motility ◽  
Cycle Length ◽  
Cell Cycle Regulation ◽  
Midblastula Transition ◽  
Timing Mechanism ◽  
Cell Synchrony ◽  
Activation Of Transcription ◽  
Blastomere Volume ◽  
Cycle Regulation

The zebrafish midblastula transition (MBT) begins at cycle 10. It is characterized by cell cycle lengthening, loss of cell synchrony, activation of transcription and appearance of cell motility. Superceding a 15 minute oscillator that controls the first nine cycles, the nucleocytoplasmic ratio appears to govern the MBT. This timing mechanism operates cell autonomously: clones of labeled cells initiate cell cycle lengthening independently of neighbors but dependent on immediate lineal ancestors. Unequal divisions, when they occur, produce asymmetric cell cycle lengthening based on the volume of each daughter. During the several cycles after the MBT begins, cycle length is correlated with the reciprocal of the blastomere volume, suggesting a continuation of cell cycle regulation by the nucleocytoplasmic ratio during an interval that we term the ‘MBT period’.

scholarly journals High-resolution single-cell 3D-models of chromatin ensembles during Drosophila embryogenesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiu Sun ◽  
Alan Perez-Rathke ◽  
Daniel M. Czajkowsky ◽  
Zhifeng Shao ◽  
Jie Liang
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Computational Method ◽  
Midblastula Transition ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Large Ensembles ◽  
Chromatin Folding ◽  
Function Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of

AbstractSingle-cell chromatin studies provide insights into how chromatin structure relates to functions of individual cells. However, balancing high-resolution and genome wide-coverage remains challenging. We describe a computational method for the reconstruction of large 3D-ensembles of single-cell (sc) chromatin conformations from population Hi-C that we apply to study embryogenesis in Drosophila. With minimal assumptions of physical properties and without adjustable parameters, our method generates large ensembles of chromatin conformations via deep-sampling. Our method identifies specific interactions, which constitute 5–6% of Hi-C frequencies, but surprisingly are sufficient to drive chromatin folding, giving rise to the observed Hi-C patterns. Modeled sc-chromatins quantify chromatin heterogeneity, revealing significant changes during embryogenesis. Furthermore, >50% of modeled sc-chromatin maintain topologically associating domains (TADs) in early embryos, when no population TADs are perceptible. Domain boundaries become fixated during development, with strong preference at binding-sites of insulator-complexes upon the midblastula transition. Overall, high-resolution 3D-ensembles of sc-chromatin conformations enable further in-depth interpretation of population Hi-C, improving understanding of the structure-function relationship of genome organization.

Translocation of a store of maternal cytoplasmic c-myc protein into nuclei during early development

1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 5395-5403
Author(s):  
M Gusse ◽  
J Ghysdael ◽  
G Evan ◽  
T Soussi ◽  
M Méchali
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Mature Oocyte ◽  
Gastrula Stage ◽  
Cleavage Stage ◽  
Midblastula Transition ◽  
Phosphorylation State ◽  
Growing Cell ◽  
Delayed Translation

The c-myc proto-oncogene is expressed as a maternal protein during oogenesis in Xenopus laevis, namely, in nondividing cells. A delayed translation of c-myc mRNA accumulated in early oocytes results in the accumulation of the protein during late oogenesis. The oocyte c-myc protein is unusually stable and is located in the cytoplasm, contrasting with its features in somatic cells. A mature oocyte contains a maternal c-myc protein stockpile of 4 x 10(5) to 6 x 10(5) times the level in a somatic growing cell. This level of c-myc protein is preserved only during the cleavage stage of the embryo. Fertilization triggers its rapid migration into the nuclei of the cleaving embryo and a change in the phosphorylation state of the protein. The c-myc protein content per nucleus decreases exponentially during the cleavage stage until a stoichiometric titration by the embryonic nuclei is reached during a 0.5-h period at the midblastula stage. Most of the maternal c-myc store is degraded by the gastrula stage. These observations implicate the participation of c-myc in the events linked to early embryonic development and the midblastula transition.

scholarly journals Identification ofWSB1gene as an important regulator in the development of zebrafish embryo during midblastula transition

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 478-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjian Lv ◽  
Yunbin Zhang ◽  
Zhili Wu ◽  
Lin Chu ◽  
S. S. Koide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zebrafish Embryo ◽  
Midblastula Transition ◽  
Important Regulator

scholarly journals G2 acquisition by transcription-independent mechanism at the zebrafish midblastula transition

2009 ◽  
Vol 326 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damian E. Dalle Nogare ◽  
Philip T. Pauerstein ◽  
Mary Ellen Lane
Keyword(s):  
Midblastula Transition ◽  
Independent Mechanism

scholarly journals Maternal Wnt/STOP signaling promotes cell division during earlyXenopusembryogenesis

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (18) ◽  
pp. 5732-5737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Lin Huang ◽  
Zeinab Anvarian ◽  
Gabriele Döderlein ◽  
Sergio P. Acebron ◽  
Christof Niehrs
Keyword(s):  
Wnt Signaling ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Glycogen Synthase ◽  
Effector Proteins ◽  
Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Early Cleavage ◽  
Cycle Progression ◽  
Midblastula Transition ◽  
Axial Patterning

DuringXenopusdevelopment, Wnt signaling is thought to function first after midblastula transition to regulate axial patterning via β-catenin–mediated transcription. Here, we report that Wnt/glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) signaling functions posttranscriptionally already in mature oocytes via Wnt/stabilization of proteins (STOP) signaling. Wnt signaling is induced in oocytes after their entry into meiotic metaphase II and declines again upon exit into interphase. Wnt signaling inhibits Gsk3 and thereby protects proteins from polyubiquitination and degradation in mature oocytes. In a protein array screen, we identify a cluster of mitotic effector proteins that are polyubiquitinated in a Gsk3-dependent manner inXenopus. Consequently inhibition of maternal Wnt/STOP signaling, but not β-catenin signaling, leads to early cleavage arrest after fertilization. The results support a novel role for Wnt signaling in cell cycle progression independent of β-catenin.

Characterization of a cDNA encoding a novel band 4.1-like protein in zebrafish

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 623-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory M Kelly ◽  
Bruno Reversade
Keyword(s):  
Cell Communication ◽  
Membrane Skeleton ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Midblastula Transition ◽  
Protein 4.1 ◽  
Calcium Dependent ◽  
Calcium Calmodulin Dependent ◽  
Integral Role

Membrane skeleton protein 4.1 and other members of a family of proteins that link the cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane may play an integral role in cell communication during development. The polymerase chain reaction and degenerate oligodeoxynucleotide primers to consensus sequences in the putative membrane-binding domain of the protein 4.1 superfamily were used to isolate cDNAs encoding members of the zebrafish protein 4.1 family. Zebrafish stage- and tissue-specific first strand cDNA was used in the PCR. After the reaction, amplicons of the predicted size were sequenced to confirm their relationship to the protein 4.1 superfamily. One cDNA, with a high degree of similarity to a mouse novel band 4.1-like cDNA, was used to probe a zebrafish adult brain library. A 2.4-kb cDNA was isolated and found to encode a 619 amino acid polypeptide homologous to mouse novel band 4.1-like protein 4. Zebrafish nbl4 mRNA is maternally supplied and is expressed throughout embryogenesis. In adults, nbl4 is found in the ovary, eye, heart, and brain, but not in gut or skeletal muscle. When synthetic nbl4 mRNA is translated in vitro it binds calmodulin in a calcium-dependent manner. These data indicate that zebrafish nbl4 is a maternal transcript owing to its presence before the midblastula transition, and it is present later on in specific adult structures. The ability to bind calmodulin would suggest that the function of nbl4 protein may be potentially regulated via a calcium-calmodulin dependent mechanism.

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