scholarly journals Lycopene up‐regulates mRNA expressions of SIRT and adiponectin and down‐regulates PPARγ and IL‐6 in adipose tissue of hypercaloric diet‐fed rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata AM Luvizotto ◽  
Andre F Nascimento ◽  
Natália CM Miranda ◽  
Damiana T Pierine ◽  
Erika Imaizumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Hypercaloric Diet

Cocoa powder, cocoa extract and epicatechin attenuate hypercaloric diet-induced obesity through enhanced β-oxidation and energy expenditure in white adipose tissue

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 54-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Griselda Rabadan-Chávez ◽  
Lucia Quevedo-Corona ◽  
Angel Miliar Garcia ◽  
Elba Reyes-Maldonado ◽  
María Eugenia Jaramillo-Flores
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cocoa Powder ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Hypercaloric Diet

scholarly journals The Influence of a Hypercaloric Diet on Gross Body and Adipose Tissue Composition in the Rat

1962 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Peckham ◽  
C. Entenman ◽  
H. W. Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Tissue Composition ◽  
Hypercaloric Diet

scholarly journals Experimental Hyperthyroidism Decreases Gene Expression and Serum Levels of Adipokines in Obesity

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata de Azevedo Melo Luvizotto ◽  
André Ferreira do Nascimento ◽  
Maria Teresa de Síbio ◽  
Regiane Marques Castro Olímpio ◽  
Sandro José Conde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Fat Deposits ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Hypercaloric Diet ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

Aims. To analyze the influence of hyperthyroidism on the gene expression and serum concentration of leptin, resistin, and adiponectin in obese animals.Main Methods. MaleWistarrats were randomly divided into two groups: control (C)—fed with commercial chow ad libitum—and obese (OB)—fed with a hypercaloric diet. After group characterization, the OB rats continued receiving a hypercaloric diet and were randomized into two groups: obese animals (OB) and obese with 25 μg triiodothyronine (T3)/100 BW (OT). The T3dose was administered every day for the last 2 weeks of the study. After 30 weeks the animals were euthanized. Samples of blood and adipose tissue were collected for biochemical and hormonal analyses as well as gene expression of leptin, resistin, and adiponectin.Results. T3treatment was effective, increasing fT3levels and decreasing fT4and TSH serum concentration. Administration of T3promotes weight loss, decreases all fat deposits, and diminishes serum levels of leptin, resistin, and adiponectin by reducing their gene expression.Conclusions. Our results suggest that T3modulate serum and gene expression levels of leptin, resistin, and adiponectin in experimental model of obesity, providing new insights regarding the relationship between T3and adipokines in obesity.

scholarly journals The joint effect of congenital hypothyroidism and hypercaloric diet consumption as triggers of type 2 diabetes mellitus

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Alberto Tapia-Martínez ◽  
Margarita Franco-Colín ◽  
Vanessa Blas-Valdivia ◽  
Edgar Cano-Europa
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Congenital Hypothyroidism ◽  
Hypercaloric Diet

Introduction Congenital hypothyroidism affects metabolic and thyroid programming, having a deleterious effect on bodyweight regulation promoting metabolic diseases. This work aimed to demonstrate the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) in animals with congenital hypothyroidism, only by the consumption of a mild hypercaloric diet in the extrauterine stage. Methods Two groups of female Wistar rats (n  = 9): euthyroid and hypothyroid were used. Hypothyroidism was induced by a thyroidectomy with parathyroid reimplantation. Male offsprings post-weaning were divided into four groups (n  = 10): euthyroid, hypothyroid, euthyroid + hypercaloric diet, and hypothyroid + hypercaloric diet. The hypercaloric diet consisted of ground commercial feed plus 20% lard and was administered until postnatal week 40. Bodyweight and energy intake were monitored weekly. Also, metabolic and hormonal markers related to cardiovascular risk, insulin resistance, and glucose tolerance were analyzed at week 40. Then, animals were sacrificed to perform the morphometric analysis of the pancreas and adipose tissue. Results T2D was developed in animals fed a hypercaloric diet denoted by the presence of central obesity, hyperphagia, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, glucose tolerance, insulin resistance and hypertension, as well as changes in the cytoarchitecture of the pancreas and adipose tissue related to T2D. The results show that congenital hypothyroid animals had an increase in metabolic markers and an elevated cardiovascular risk. Conclusions Congenital hypothyroid animals develop T2D, having the highest metabolic disturbances and a worsened clinical prognosis than euthyroid animals.

scholarly journals Memory impairments and increased GFAP expression in hippocampal astrocytes following hypercaloric diet in rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (9) ◽  
pp. 601-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Fernandes Bondan ◽  
Carolina Vieira Cardoso ◽  
Maria de Fátima Monteiro Martins ◽  
Rosemari Otton
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Memory Impairments ◽  
Tissue Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue Weight ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Hypercaloric Diet

ABSTRACT Objective: Hypothalamic inflammation and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) overexpression in astrocytes are well described in obese animals, as are some cognitive and memory deficits. As the hippocampus plays important roles in the consolidation of information, this investigation aimed to observe the memory function and the astrocyte expression of GFAP in the hippocampus of rats that received either a hypercaloric or a normocaloric diet. Methods: Adult male Wistar rats received a high-fat (cafeteria) or a standard diet for 60 days. On the 61st day, the rats were submitted to the novel object recognition (NOR) test at three and 24 hours after the first contact with objects, to assess short-term and long-term memory, respectively. Thereafter, the rats were euthanized and their brains were collected for GFAP immunohistochemical investigation in the hippocampus (CA1, CA2, CA3 areas) and hypothalamus (periventricular and arcuate nuclei). Astrocytic reactivity was assessed by morphometry. Different white adipose tissue depots and brown adipose tissue were weighed to calculate the adiposity index. Results: The hypercaloric diet increased body weight gain, adiposity index, white adipose tissue weight (epididymal, subcutaneous and retroperitoneal) and brown adipose tissue weight. Rats fed with the hypercaloric diet showed short-term and long-term memory impairments in the NOR test, as well as increased GFAP expression in astrocytes from all analyzed hypothalamic and hippocampal areas. Conclusion: This astrogliosis suggests that the neuroinflammatory response also occurs in the hippocampus and may be involved in the memory losses observed in obese/overweight animals.

scholarly journals Adiposity and weight gain in Mangalarga Marchador horses subjected to hypercaloric diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-175
Author(s):  
Rodrigo M. Ribeiro ◽  
Debora S.F. Ribeiro ◽  
Cahue F.R. Paz ◽  
Alexandre A.O. Gobesso ◽  
Rafael R. Faleiros
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Friedman's Test ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Regional Adiposity ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose ◽  
Hypercaloric Diet

ABSTRACT: In recent years, several researchers have been studying obesity in national horse breeds; however, no studies demonstrating the dynamic of body and regional fat accumulation (adiposity) Mangalarga Marchador horses subjected to hypercaloric diets have been found. This study aimed to characterize the deposition of body and regional fat in horses with diet-induced weight gain. A total of nine Mangalarga Marchador adult horses with initial body condition score (BCS) of 2.9 ±1/9 (mean ±SD) were subjected to a hypercaloric, grain-rich diet for five months. Body weight and the following morphometric regional adiposity variables were analyzed: BCS, cresty neck scores (CNS), neck circumferences (NC) at 25, 50 and 75% of its length, and accumulation of subcutaneous adipose tissue at the base of the tail using ultrasonography (BTU). These data were collected at baseline and fortnightly after beginning the diet-induced weight gain until the end of the experiment. The effect of time on the variables was verified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) in randomized blocks or the Friedman’s test, and the means were compared by the Tukey’s test (p≤0.05). Exposure to hypercaloric diet promoted a mean weight gain of 27.45% (p<0.001). Significant values were observed for NC at 25 and 75% during the first 45 days of the experiment, and for NC at 50% during the first 30 days. BTU presented significant changes after 60 days, with an increase of 268% compared with the baseline value. These findings demonstrate the weight gain and the dynamic and magnitude of regional adiposity in Mangalarga Marchador horses subjected to hypercaloric diet.

scholarly journals Juice from leaves of cacti of the genus Pereskia: effect on the physiological parameters of Wistar rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora Cristina Mariano Brasil ◽  
Rafaela Marchiori Mariano do Val ◽  
José Antônio de Souza Cruz Ramos ◽  
Martha Elisa Ferreira de Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Adipose Tissue Mass ◽  
Hypercaloric Diet

Abstract The objective was to evaluate whether the juice from the leaves of cacti of three species of the genus Pereskia promotes changes in the physiological parameters of Wistar rats. The study was divided into stage 1 (obesity induction with a hypercaloric diet, monosodium glutamate, and sucrose solution), and stage 2 (use of cactus juice). The data of body weight, Body Mass and Lee Indexes, feed intake, adipose tissue mass, and Visceral and Epididymal Fat Indexes were compared by the Tukey test at 5%. Monosodium glutamate and sucrose in association with the hypercaloric diet did not increase adipose tissues. No statistical difference was found between the means of body weight, Body Mass Index and Lee Index, liver weight, and Hepatosomatic Index. Pereskia grandifolia juice promoted a lower total weight gain due to the low feed intake. Pereskia aculeata juice increased the visceral adipose tissue mass. Thus, the Pereskia grandifolia juice presented a better effect on weight gain. These cacti are rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds that can improve food quality, and prevent chronic non-communicable diseases.

scholarly journals A INFLUÊNCIA DA ALIMENTAÇÃO E ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DO BRASILEIRO SOB A INFLAMAÇÃO SUBCLÍNICA SISTÊMICA – UM PRATO CHEIO PARA O COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 20-33
Author(s):  
Maria Luisa Bellotto
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Subclinical Inflammation ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose ◽  
Hypercaloric Diet

Knowledge about eating habits is relevant for understanding the relations between diet, obesity and development of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases. The storage of calories as body fat, mainly in the visceral subcutaneous adipose tissue, as consequence of hypercaloric diet poor in nutrients, is responsible for increasing sublinic inflammation and overloading the immune system. Diet plays an important role in reducing inflammation. In time of infectious pandemia, of the new corona virus (COVID-19), the food quality and nutritional status of Brazilians may interfere in fighting this infection. Based on the literature, this article aims to discuss the Brazilians eating habbits and nutritional status. The data shows that Brazilian are gainning weight and tend to a diet poor in nutrient intake. Consequently this scenario favors the subclinical inflammation and the weakness of the immune response. We suggest that Brazilian Health Authorities pay attention to this issue.

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