Changes in the cellular fatty acid profile drive the proteasomal degradation of α‐synuclein and enhance neuronal survival

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 15123-15145
Author(s):  
Mary Xylaki ◽  
Ioanna Boumpoureka ◽  
Maroula G. Kokotou ◽  
Theodoros Marras ◽  
Georgia Papadimitriou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Neuronal Survival ◽  
Proteasomal Degradation ◽  
Cellular Fatty Acid ◽  
Cellular Fatty Acid Profile

Effect of wastewater composition on microbial populations in biological phosphorus removal processes

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Wang ◽  
J. K. Park
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Cellular Fatty Acid ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Biological Phosphorus ◽  
Cellular Fatty Acid Profile

Bench-scale sequential batch reactors (SBRs) were fed with glucose- and acetate-containing synthetic wastewaters to evaluate microbial population dynamics and types of phosphorus-accumulating organisms (PAOs) using a cellular fatty acid profile analysis. The phosphorus content in the sludge was 38% (w/w) for the acetate-fed SBR and 20% (w/w) for the glucose-fed SBR with a VSS/TSS ratio of 50%. Glucose-fed PAOs were found to remove phosphorus with accumulation of glycogen in cells without synthesizing poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) at influent phosphorus concentration < 20 mg-P/L and nitrate concentration < 2 mg-N/L. From the fatty acid profile biomarker study, it was found that the glucose-fed SBR maintained the same fatty acid profile before and after biological phosphorus removal (BPR) occurred while the acetate-fed SBR had a different fatty acid profile. The microbial population in the glucose-fed SBR was significantly different in terms of metabolic behavior and cellular fatty acid profile from that introduced in the acetate-fed SBR. Fatty acid a15:0 (anteiso methyl-branching) was abundant in the glucose-fed PAOs. Among the five PAO candidates (Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Arthrobacter, Aeromonas, and Micrococcus), only Arthrobacter spp. had the biomarker of fatty acid a15:0, indicating that Arthrobacter spp. may be one of the PAOs existing in the glucose-fed bioreactors.

Alteration of the cellular fatty acid profile and the production of eicosanoids in human monocytes by gamma-linolenic acid

1990 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 1526-1533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally Pullman-Mooar ◽  
Michael Laposata ◽  
Diana Lem ◽  
Ralph T. Holman ◽  
Lawrence J. Leventhal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Cellular Fatty Acid ◽  
Human Monocytes ◽  
Gamma Linolenic Acid ◽  
Cellular Fatty Acid Profile

scholarly journals Cellular Fatty Acid Profile Distinguishes Burkholderia pseudomallei from Avirulent Burkholderia thailandensis

2003 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 4812-4814 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. J. Inglis ◽  
M. Aravena-Roman ◽  
S. Ching ◽  
K. Croft ◽  
V. Wuthiekanun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽  
Cellular Fatty Acid ◽  
Burkholderia Thailandensis ◽  
Cellular Fatty Acid Profile

scholarly journals Nocardioides mesophilus sp. nov., isolated from soil

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 2288-2292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed G. Dastager ◽  
Jae-Chan Lee ◽  
Ashok Pandey ◽  
Chang-Jin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Cellular Fatty Acid ◽  
Major Fatty Acid ◽  
Diaminopimelic Acid ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Straight Chain ◽  
Monophyletic Lineage ◽  
Cellular Fatty Acid Profile

A short coccoid- to rod-shaped, motile, mesophilic actinobacterium, strain MSL-22T, was isolated from soil on Bigeum Island, Korea. A polyphasic study was undertaken to establish the taxonomic position of this strain. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain MSL-22T formed an evolutionary lineage within the radiation of the genus Nocardioides. In particular, it formed a monophyletic lineage with Nocardioides jensenii KCTC 9134T with which it shared the highest sequence similarity of about 97.3%. However, DNA–DNA relatedness demonstrated that strain MSL-22T was distinct from its closest phylogenetic neighbours. The cell-wall peptidoglycan of strain MSL-22T contained ll-diaminopimelic acid. The predominant menaquinone was MK-8(H4). Strain MSL-22T had a cellular fatty acid profile containing straight-chain, branched, unsaturated and 10-methyl fatty acids, with iso-C16 : 0 as the major fatty acid. The DNA G+C content of the strain was 68.7 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic and phylogenetic evidence, the strain is separate from previously described members of the genus Nocardioides and represents a novel species in this genus, for which the name Nocardioides mesophilus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MSL-22T (=DSM 19432T=KCTC 19310T).

scholarly journals Reclassification of Bacteroides ureolyticus as Campylobacter ureolyticus comb. nov., and emended description of the genus Campylobacter

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 2016-2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Vandamme ◽  
L. Debruyne ◽  
E. De Brandt ◽  
E. Falsen
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Cellular Fatty Acid ◽  
Present Species ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Respiratory Quinone ◽  
Dna Base ◽  
Emended Description ◽  
Cellular Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions

The protein profiles, genomic amplified fragment length polymorphism patterns and 16S rRNA and cpn60 gene sequences of a diverse collection of 26 Bacteroides ureolyticus strains, along with published data on their DNA base, respiratory quinone and cellular fatty acid compositions, were used to reassess the taxonomy of this bacterial species. The results demonstrate that this organism is most appropriately allocated in the genus Campylobacter. The presence of much higher amounts of 18 : 1ω7c in its cellular fatty acid profile and its ability to digest gelatin and casein are the characteristics that differentiate it from present species of the genus Campylobacter. Therefore we propose to reclassify this species incertae sedis into the genus Campylobacter as Campylobacter ureolyticus with strain LMG 6451T (=CCUG 7319T =NCTC 10941T) as the type strain.

scholarly journals Further studies of the cellular fatty acid composition of Legionnaires disease bacteria

1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 648-649
Author(s):  
C W Moss ◽  
S B Dees
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Cellular Fatty Acid ◽  
Cellular Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Legionnaires Disease ◽  
Branched Chain

The cellular fatty acid composition of 36 strains of the Legionnaires disease bacterium was determined by gas chromatography after growth on different media. The fatty acid profile of each strain was essentially identical on each medium and was characterized by large amounts (greater than 68%) of branched-chain acids.

scholarly journals Cis-9, trans-11-conjugated linoleic acid but not its precursor trans-vaccenic acid attenuate inflammatory markers in the human colonic epithelial cell line Caco-2

2008 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare M. Reynolds ◽  
Christine E. Loscher ◽  
Aidan P. Moloney ◽  
Helen M. Roche
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Vaccenic Acid ◽  
Cellular Fatty Acid ◽  
Epithelial Cell Line ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation

Trans-vaccenic acid (TVA) is a natural trans fatty acid found in ruminant food produce. It is converted to the cis-9, trans-11 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid (c9, t11-CLA) by the action of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) in tissue. c9, t11-CLA has been associated with anti-inflammatory effects and also affects lipid metabolism. The aim of the present study was to determine if TVA is bioconverted to c9, t11-CLA in intestinal epithelial cells and to ascertain whether TVA has effects similar to c9, t11-CLA on markers of inflammation relevant to inflammatory bowel disease. The present study demonstrated that TVA treatment led to significant bioconversion into c9, t11-CLA in Caco-2 cells. Treatment with both TVA and c9, t11-CLA resulted in alteration of cellular fatty acid profile and SCD activity in the Caco-2 cell line. However, CLA, but not TVA, significantly modulated transcription of TNF-α, IL-12, IL-6 and production of IL-12 by these cells. Thus the present study established that TVA treatment can alter SCD desaturation indices and induce compositional changes in the fatty acid profile of the Caco-2 cell model of the human intestinal epithelium but this is not associated with functional effects on markers of the inflammatory response.

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