ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION AND INSULIN RESISTANCE IN PERSONS WITH VARIOUS CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS

Abstract Objectives The objective of this study is to investigate the cardiovascular risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS), which is increasingly becoming prevalent in childhood obesity. Methods A total of 113 patients, 76 of whom were between the ages of 10 and 17 (mean age: 14.5 ± 1.8 years) and diagnosed with obesity (30 non-MetS and 46 MetS using IDF) and 37 of whom constituted the control group, participated in the study. Echocardiographic examination and atherogenicity parameters (Atherogenic index of plasma [AIP: logTG/HDL], total cholesterol/HDL, and TG/HDL ratio and non-HDL) were evaluated. Results The most common component accompanying obese MetS was found to be hypertension and low HDL. While obesity duration, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, fasting insulin, insulin resistance, atherogenicity parameters were determined to be significantly higher in the obese-MetS group. Echocardiography showed that while the thickness, volume, and diameter of LV end-diastolic wall, left ventricular mass (LVM), LVM index (LVMI g/m2) and relative wall thickness (RWT) were significantly high in the MetS group, however, mitral E/A ratio was significantly lower (p<0.05). Change in LV geometry consistent with concentric remodeling (increased RWT, normal LVMI) was visible in obese groups. LVM were positively significantly related to BMI, waist circumference, insulin resistance, blood pressure, LDL level, and negative to mitral E/A ratio. In the obese-MetS group, LVMI was positively correlated to office systolic BP, left atrium end-diastolic volume/index. Conclusions LVMI and atherogenicity parameters that were found to be significantly higher in obese MetS exhibit increased cardiovascular risk in childhood.

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Influence of methyltestosterone postmenopausal therapy on plasma lipids, inflammatory factors, glucose metabolism and visceral fat: a randomized study

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje.1.02065 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 154 (1) ◽

pp. 131-139 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Lenora M Camarate S M Leão ◽

Mônica Peres C Duarte ◽

Dalva Margareth B Silva ◽

Paulo Roberto V Bahia ◽

Cláudia Medina Coeli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Visceral Fat ◽

Increased Risk

Background: There has been a growing interest in treating postmenopausal women with androgens. However, hyperandrogenemia in females has been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Objective: We aimed to assess the effects of androgen replacement on cardiovascular risk factors. Design: Thirty-seven postmenopausal women aged 42–62 years that had undergone hysterectomy were prospectively enrolled in a double-blind protocol to receive, for 12 months, percutaneous estradiol (E2) (1 mg/day) combined with either methyltestosterone (MT) (1.25 mg/day) or placebo. Methods: Along with treatment, we evaluated serum E2, testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), free androgen index, lipids, fibrinogen, and C-reactive protein; glucose tolerance; insulin resistance; blood pressure; body-mass index; and visceral and subcutaneous abdominal fat mass as assessed by computed tomography. Results: A significant reduction in SHBG (P < 0.001) and increase in free testosterone index (P < 0.05; Repeated measures analysis of variance) were seen in the MT group. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, fibrinogen, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly lowered to a similar extent by both regimens, but high-density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased only in the androgen group. MT-treated women showed a modest rise in body weight and gained visceral fat mass relative to the other group (P < 0.05), but there were no significant detrimental effects on fasting insulin levels and insulin resistance. Conclusion: This study suggests that the combination of low-dose oral MT and percutaneous E2, for 1 year, does not result in expressive increase of cardiovascular risk factors. This regimen can be recommended for symptomatic postmenopausal women, although it seems prudent to perform baseline and follow-up lipid profile and assessment of body composition, especially in those at high risk of cardiovascular disease.

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Insulin Resistance in Association with Thyroid Function, Psychoemotional State, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18073388 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (7) ◽

pp. 3388

Author(s):

Nijole Kazukauskiene ◽

Aurelija Podlipskyte ◽

Giedrius Varoneckas ◽

Narseta Mickuviene

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Thyroid Function ◽

Study Groups ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Psychoemotional State ◽

Study Participants

Background: Individuals with insulin resistance (IR) have a high risk of diabetes or metabolic syndrome, and they are more likely to have depression. Furthermore, IR by itself is a major cardiovascular risk factor in healthy persons. Thus, we aimed to investigate IR in association with thyroid function, psychoemotional state, and cardiovascular risk factors among 45–84-year-old citizens of Palanga. Methods: A randomized epidemiological study was performed with 850 subjects. All participants were evaluated for sociodemographic, clinical, and cardiovascular risk factors and biochemical analysis. IR was evaluated by the homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR). Results: All study participants were stratified into groups without IR (HOMA-IR ≤ 2.7) and with IR (HOMA-IR > 2.7). The analysis of parameters between the two study groups showed some statistically significant relationships between IR and cardiovascular risk factors. The predictable accuracy was presented using receiver performance characteristic curves for HOMA-IR scores in women and men separately. If the HOMA-IR score is higher than 3.45, individuals are significantly more likely to have type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Conclusions: An increase of fasting glucose and more frequent incidence of metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases in subjects with IR are associated with the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors. There was no significant association between thyroid function and HOMA-IR. HOMA-IR cut-offs could predict the presence of T2DM.

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Compare the effects of different visfatin concentration on cardiovascular risk factors, adiponectin and insulin resistance in patients with T2DM

Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome Clinical Research & Reviews ◽

10.1016/j.dsx.2012.02.014 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 71-75 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Somayeh Mohammadi ◽

Mohammad Javad Hosseinzadeh-Attar ◽

Arash Hosseinnezhad ◽

Seyyed Hossein Hosseini ◽

Mohammad Reza Eshraghian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors

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Insulin resistance alone does not explain the clustering of cardiovascular risk factors in southern India

Diabetic Medicine ◽

10.1046/j.1464-5491.2000.00239.x ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 152-157 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

C. Snehalatha ◽

S. Sivasankari ◽

K. Satyavani ◽

V. Vijay ◽

A. Ramachandran

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Southern India

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Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Metabolic Syndrome—Impact of Insulin Resistance on Lipids, Hypertension, and the Development of Diabetes and Cardiac Events

US Cardiology Review ◽

10.15420/usc.2005.2.1.35 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 35-38

Author(s):

Stuart W Zarich

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Cardiac Events

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Association of cardiovascular risk factors with markers of endothelial dysfunction in middle-aged men and women

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1160/th05-08-0552 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 95 (01) ◽

pp. 134-141 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Barbara Thorand ◽

Jens Baumert ◽

Angela Döring ◽

Andrea Schneider ◽

Lloyd Chambless ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Endothelial Dysfunction ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

High Body Mass Index ◽

Moderate Alcohol Consumption ◽

Men And Women

SummaryEndothelial dysfunction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. However, the causes underlying endothelial dysfunction are not fully understood. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate associations of cardiovascular risk factors with soluble adhesion molecules (sE-Selectin, sICAM-1), soluble thrombomodulin (sTM) and von Willebrand factor (vWF) as markers of endothelial dysfunction. The study population consisted of a subcohort of 2,168 men and women aged 35 to 74 years randomly drawn from three cross-sectional population-based MONICA/ KORA Augsburg surveys conducted between 1984 and 1995. In multivariable linear regression analysis, current smoking, high (versus moderate) alcohol consumption, ratio of total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol (TC/HDL-C) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were significantly associated with elevated levels of sEselectin and sICAM-1. Increased levels of sE-selectin were also found in subjects with actual hypertension, high body mass index and prevalent diabetes mellitus. In addition, low physical activity and no (versus moderate) alcohol consumption were significantly associated with elevated concentrations of sICAM-1. Levels of sTM were higher in subjects with actual hypertension, no or high amounts of alcohol intake and a high ratio of TC/ HDL-C, but were lower in subjects witha history of myocardial infarction. VWF was significantly associated with CRP only. In conclusion, sE-selectin and sICAM-1 are more strongly associated with traditional cardiovascular risk factors than sTM and vWF.

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