Textbook of Sports Medicine: Basic Science and Clinical Aspects of Sports Injury and Physical Activity

Author(s):  
Scott A. Paluska
Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Baskaran Chandrasekaran ◽  
Chythra R Rao ◽  
Fiddy Davis ◽  
Ashokan Arumugam

BACKGROUND: Prolonged sitting in desk-based office workers is found to be associated with increased cardiometabolic risk and poor cognitive performance. Technology-based physical activity (PA) interventions using smartphone applications (SmPh app) to promote PA levels might be effective in reducing cardiometabolic risk among sedentary population but the evidence remains inconclusive. OBJECTIVE: The objective is to investigate the effects of a technology-based PA intervention compared to PA education with a worksite manual or no intervention on PA levels, cardiometabolic risk, cognitive performance, and work productivity among desk-based employees. METHOD: A three-arm clustered randomized trial will be conducted. The study will be conducted among various administrative offices of a multifaceted university in India. Desk-based employees aged between 30 and 50 years (n = 159; 53 in each arm) will be recruited. Employees from various constituent institutions (clusters) of the university will be randomized into one of the three following groups - SMART: SmPh app-driven break reminders (visual exercise prompts) plus pedometer-based step intervention, TRADE: worksite PA education with a manual plus American College of Sports Medicine guided PA prescription, or CONTROL: usual work group. At baseline and after the 1st, 3rd and 6th month of the trial period, accelerometer-measured sitting time and PA levels, cardiometabolic risk (fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, insulin, blood pressure, heart rate variability, functional capacity, and subcutaneous fat), cognitive performance (executive function), sickness absenteeism and work limitations will be assessed by a blinded assessor. Therapist delivering interventions will not be blinded. CONCLUSION: This trial will determine whether a combined SmPh-app and pedometer-based intervention is more effective than education or no intervention in altering PA levels, cardiometabolic risk and cognitive performance among desk-based employees in India. This study has the potential to foster institutional recommendations for using SmPh-based technology and pedometers to promote PA at work.


Author(s):  
Angela J Fong ◽  
Catherine M Sabiston ◽  
Michelle B Nadler ◽  
Jonathan Sussman ◽  
Hugh Langley ◽  
...  

Abstract Decision support aids help reduce decision conflict and are reported as acceptable by patients. Currently, an aid from the American College of Sports Medicine exists to help oncology care providers advise, assess, and refer patients to physical activity (PA). However, some limitations include the lack of specific resources and programs for referral, detailed PA, and physical function assessments and not being designed following an international gold standard (Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation [AGREE] II). This study aimed to develop a recommendation guide to facilitate PA counseling by assessing the risk for PA-related adverse events and offering a referral to an appropriate recommendation. Recommendation guide development followed AGREE II, and an AGREE methodologist was consulted. Specifically, a stakeholder group of oncology care providers and cancer survivors were engaged to develop the assessment criteria for comorbidities, PA levels, and physical function. Assessment criteria were developed from published PA interventions, consultations with content experts, and targeted web-based searches for cancer-specific PA programs. Feedback on the recommendation guide was solicited from stakeholders and external reviewers with relevant knowledge and clinical experience. Independent AGREE methodologists appraised the development process. The recommendation guide is a five-page document, including a preamble, assessment criteria for absolute contraindications to PA, comorbidities, and PA/functional capacity with a list of appropriate resources. Independent AGREE methodologists rated the development process as strong and recommended the guide for use. The recommendation guide has the potential to facilitate PA counseling between oncology care providers and cancer survivors, thus, potentially impacting PA behavior.


2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 833-836
Author(s):  
Fei Wu ◽  
Xuejun Ma ◽  
Wenjiang Zhao ◽  
Shuhua Qu

ABSTRACT Introduction: Sports injury is an important reason to interfere with sports training and physical exercise since it will not only bring unnecessary pain to the injured body, but also bring out negative emotions in athletes. Objective: To study the sports injury characteristics of high level competitive aerobics athletes in China. Methods: Literature data, questionnaire survey, expert interviews, field observation, mathematical statistics and physiotherapy tracking were used. Results: Wrists, ankles, waist and knees were the most frequently injured parts in high level competitive aerobics athletes in China. The main type of injury was acute injury, but chronic injury (48.18%) could not be ignored. Ninety percent of active high-level competitive aerobics athletes train with injuries, and 10 percent of them completely stop training because of injuries. Conclusions: Athletes should pay attention to their physical reserve and strengthen physical training. They must also be attentive to self-supervision, their own subjective feelings, and control the amount of exercise done. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.


2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 835-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzana Alves de Moraes ◽  
Cláudio Shigueki Suzuki ◽  
Isabel Cristina Martins de Freitas

OBJECTIVE: the study aims to evaluate the reproducibility between the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and the American College of Sports Medicine/American Heart Association criteria to classify the physical activity profile in an adult population living in Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. METHODS: population-based cross-sectional study, including 930 adults of both genders. The reliability was evaluated by Kappa statistics, estimated according to socio-demographic strata. RESULTS: the kappa estimates showed good agreement between the two criteria in all strata. However, higher prevalence of "actives" was found by using the American College of Sports Medicine/American Heart Association. CONCLUSIONS: although the estimates have indicated good agreement, the findings suggest caution in choosing the criteria to classify physical activity profile mainly when "walking" is the main modality of physical activity.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  

The Pediatric Collections: Sports Medicine Playbook will increase pediatric providers’ understanding of the injuries that young athletes may incur – including their history, treatment, and prevention. Each section includes a unique expert introduction and they cover such topics as the benefits of physical activity, injuries, and concerns including concussions. Available for purchase at https://shop.aap.org/pediatric-collections-sports-medicine-playbook-paperback/


2020 ◽  
pp. 881-894
Author(s):  
Benjamin Glickstein ◽  
Michael Fertleman ◽  
Philip Howard

This chapter outlines the basic science and theory of medical law and ethics required for MRCP Part 1, before addressing the clinical aspects of medical law and ethics for MRCP Part 2. To ensure effective revision, material is presented in short sections with bullet lists, tables and boxes to highlight key facts.


2020 ◽  
pp. 819-838
Author(s):  
Mike Stacey ◽  
Lucy Lamb ◽  
David R. Woods

This chapter outlines the basic science and theory of environmental medicine required for MRCP Part 1, before addressing the clinical aspects of environmental medicine for MRCP Part 2. To ensure effective revision, material is presented in short sections with bullet lists, tables and boxes to highlight key facts.


2020 ◽  
pp. 345-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Lee ◽  
Brintha Selvarajah ◽  
William L. G. Oldfield

This chapter outlines the basic science and theory of Respiratory medicine required for MRCP Part 1, before addressing the clinical aspects of Respiratory medicine for MRCP Part 2. To ensure effective revision, material is presented in short sections with bullet lists, tables, and boxes to highlight key facts.


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