Pituitary Apoplexy: A Review

Neurosurgery ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramos Cardoso Erico ◽  
Weston Peterson Eric
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Pituitary Apoplexy ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Historical Evolution ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Hemorrhagic Complications ◽  
Endocrine Alterations

Abstract The authors present a critical review of the literature on the hemorrhagic complications of pituitary adenomas, especially those leading to apoplexy. They emphasize the distinction between pituitary apoplexy, hemorrhages leading to sudden endocrine alterations, and asymptomatic hemorrhages. Moreover, they speculate upon the possible pathophysiology of pituitary apoplexy and its predisposing factors. The clinical presentation, natural history, radiological findings, and differential diagnosis are also discussed. Finally, the historical evolution of the treatment of pituitary apoplexy is reviewed, with emphasis on the surgical treatment.

scholarly journals Metastasis of a Dorsal Melanoma to a Pituitary Adenoma Mimicking Pituitary Apoplexy

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (04) ◽  
pp. 238-242
Author(s):  
Rui Ramos ◽  
Maria Machado ◽  
Cristiano Antunes ◽  
Vera Fernandes ◽  
Olinda Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Pituitary Adenoma ◽  
Adjuvant Radiotherapy ◽  
Transsphenoidal Surgery ◽  
Pituitary Apoplexy ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Pituitary Macroadenoma ◽  
Histology Result ◽  
History Of ◽  
Transcranial Approach

AbstractMetastases to pituitary adenomas are very rare. From the 20 cases found in the literature, none originated from a cutaneous melanoma. We present the case of a 67-year-old man with a history of transcranial approach to treat a pituitary macroadenoma followed by adjuvant radiotherapy. Fifteen years later, he presented a dorsal nodular melanoma, and three years after that, he developed symptoms of pituitary apoplexy. He was submitted to transsphenoidal surgery, and the histology result revealed metastasis of the melanoma into a pituitary adenoma.The similarity in the clinical presentation of the two entities—pituitary apoplexy and metastasis of the melanoma into a pituitary adenoma—and the rarity of this type of metastization alert to challenges in the differential diagnosis that may confound the neurosurgeon's decision.

scholarly journals Systemic Pseudohypoaldosteronism Type I: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasifa Nur ◽  
Cameron Lang ◽  
Juanita K. Hodax ◽  
Jose Bernardo Quintos
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Genetic Disorder ◽  
Type I ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Severe Dehydration ◽  
Salt Wasting ◽  
Sodium Supplementation ◽  
Pseudohypoaldosteronism Type

Systemic pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA) type I is a rare genetic disorder resulting from mutations in the subunits of the epithelial sodium channel that manifests as severe salt wasting, hyperkalemia, and metabolic acidosis in infancy. In this article we report a patient with systemic PHA type I presenting with severe dehydration due to salt wasting at 6 days of life. She was found to have a known mutation in the SCNN1A gene and subsequently required treatment with sodium supplementation. We also review the clinical presentation, differential diagnosis, and treatment of systemic PHA type I and summarize data from 27 cases with follow-up data.

Perifolliculitis Capitis Abscedens et Suffodiens in an 18-Year-Old Aboriginal Canadian Patient: Case Report and Review of the Literature

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nishi Varshney ◽  
Anwar Al Hammadi ◽  
Hakeem Sam ◽  
A. Kevin Watters
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
African American ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Patient Case ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Canadian Patient

Background: Perifolliculitis capitis abscedens et suffodiens (PCAS) is a suppurative process that involves the scalp, eventually resulting in extensive scarring and irreversible alopecia. This condition often presents in males of African American origin. Objective: This article describes the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of an Aboriginal Canadian male suffering from PCAS. A literature review on the etiology, pathology, differential diagnosis, and management is also discussed. Conclusion: Careful analysis of the pathology and clinical presentation can aid in the timely diagnosis and management of this challenging condition. The clinician dealing with patients suffering from PCAS has several treatment options available to help successfully manage patients with straightforward or recalcitrant disease.

Micronodular pattern organising pneumonia mimicking miliary lung disease: a rare radiological presentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. e239856
Author(s):  
David Ng ◽  
Garun Hamilton ◽  
Eric Hu ◽  
Kenneth Lau
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Rare Presentation

Organising pneumonia (OP) is an interstitial lung disease characterised by granulation tissues in alveoli and alveolar ducts. Typical imaging findings are migratory airspace opacities with peripheral or peribronchovascular distribution. Diffuse micronodular OP (MNOP) is a rare imaging manifestation, which has imaging differential diagnosis of endobronchial infection such as tuberculosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis and respiratory bronchiolitis. Although clinical and ancillary radiological findings may aid in refining the differential diagnosis, histopathological assessment is frequently required for this rare presentation due to implications of treatment and prognosis. We report a case of MNOP and performed a review of the literature.

scholarly journals Eosinophilic gastroenteritis: a case report and review of the literature

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Biagi ◽  
Luigi Abate ◽  
Carmine Mellone ◽  
Stefania Salvadori ◽  
Andrea Peccetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Peripheral Eosinophilia ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Complex Disorder ◽  
Colonic Involvement ◽  
Histologic Pattern

BackgroundEosinophilic gastroenteritis (EoG) is a rare disease of unknown etiology characterized by patchy or diffuse eosinophilic infiltration of the gastrointestinal tract wall. As clinical presentation and endoscopic/ radiological findings are nonspecific, diagnosis may only be ascertained by histologic findings.Clinical case This article presents a case of EoG with associated colonic involvement but without peripheral eosinophilia. Although no allergy could be demonstrated, the clinical symptoms and histologic pattern of diffuse eosinophilic mucosal infiltration disappeared after steroid therapy, as discovered by a careful endoscopic follow-up.Discussion Current concepts of this complex disorder and a review of the literature are presented.

scholarly journals Progression of Hepatic Adenoma to Carcinoma in the Setting of Hepatoportal Sclerosis in HIV Patient: Case Report and Review of the Literature

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Montenovo ◽  
F. G. Jalikis ◽  
M. Yeh ◽  
J. D. Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Hepatic Adenoma ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Patient Case ◽  
Hepatoportal Sclerosis ◽  
First Case

We report a case of hepatic adenoma progression to carcinoma in the setting of hepatoportal sclerosis in an HIV+ patient and provide a review of the scarce literature regarding hepatoportal sclerosis in HIV patients. We describe the clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, and management. This is the first case report in the literature of progression of hepatic adenoma to carcinoma in hepatoportal sclerosis in an HIV patient. This case also highlights the broad differential diagnosis that should always be included in the study of any liver disease in this patient population, including the performance of invasive and aggressive tests to arrive at the final diagnosis.

Cervicogenic headache Part 1: An anatomic and clinical overview (awarded the OPTP Award for Excellence in a Published review of the Literature ** )

1998 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
Kathryn L. Smith ◽  
Claire Horn
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Cervicogenic Headache ◽  
Upper Cervical Spine ◽  
Lower Cervical Spine ◽  
Direct Influence ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Upper Cervical ◽  
Clinical Overview

Cervicogenic headache is a headache arising from painful dysfunction of the upper cervical spine. This paper reviews current literature on the anatomy, etiology, clinical presentation and differential diagnosis of cervicogenic headache. Lower cervical spine levels and cervical soft tissue components will be incorporated where they have a direct influence on the upper three segments.

Osteochondrosis Dissecans Occurring in the Knee and Ankle of the Same Patient

Foot & Ankle ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purcell Smith ◽  
Tom P. Coker
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Osteochondrosis Dissecans ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Ankle Pain ◽  
Treatment Alternatives

Osteochondrosis dissecans is a disease that is known to present in multiple joints. A literature search revealed no reports of this lesion appearing in the knee and ankle of the same patient. Such a clinical presentation is the basis for this report, which is intended to alert clinicians to include osteochondrosis dissecans in their differential diagnosis of knee and ankle pain. A short review of the literature and treatment alternatives is included.

scholarly journals Pterygoid hamulus syndrome: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Paul Galvez ◽  
Nathan Moreau ◽  
Mathilde Fenelon ◽  
Jean-Marie Marteau ◽  
Sylvain Catros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Orofacial Pain ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Traumatic Origin ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Mucosal Lesions ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Introduction: Pterygoid hamulus syndrome (PHS) is a little-known differential diagnosis of orofacial pain. It is characterized by oropharyngeal pain, secondary to inflammatory bursitis of the tensor veli muscle of post-traumatic origin, frequently fostered by an associated hypertrophy of the hamular process. Observation: A 64-year-old female patient, type 2 diabetic, consulted for constant posterior palatal pain located near to 17, lasting for 10 years. The inspection did not reveal any mucosal lesions. Right hamulus palpation increased the pain and revealed hamulus hypertrophy. A diagnosis of PHS was evoked. Comment: A review of the literature is proposed. The treatment of PHS is initially conservative, but a surgical treatment can be proposed in case of morphological anomalies. Conclusion: PHS is a little-known syndrome whose diagnosis must be mentioned by the oral surgeon faced with chronic oropharyngeal pain. The diagnosis is clinical and radiological, the treatment is medical and/or surgical.

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