IBD subtype and gender differences in self-report of internalized and physical symptoms

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. S57
Author(s):  
Claire Hoogendoorn ◽  
Molly Blasco ◽  
Hsin-hua Lin ◽  
Parisa Parsafar ◽  
Dina Khaimova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Self Report ◽  
And Gender

Prevalence and Gender Differences of ODD, Anxiety, and Depression in a Sample of Children With ADHD

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 1339-1345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gudlaug Marion Mitchison ◽  
Urdur Njardvik
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Behavior Rating Scale ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Reported Data

Objective: Studies on comorbidity in children diagnosed with ADHD have relied more on parent/teacher reports instead of self-reported data and have focused on the frequency of comorbid symptoms instead of scores above clinical cutoffs. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), anxiety, and depression in children with ADHD, using self-report measures for internalizing symptoms and parent-reported measures for externalizing symptoms for increased accuracy. Gender differences were also assessed. Method: Parents of 197 children diagnosed with ADHD answered the Disruptive Behavior Rating Scale, and 112 of the children filled out the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children and the Children’s Depression Inventory. Results: Results revealed that 19.28% of the children met cut-off criteria for ODD, 41.96% for anxiety, and 21.43% for depression. Conclusion: Our findings indicate a relatively lower prevalence of ODD and a slightly higher prevalence of anxiety symptoms than previously reported. Possible explanations and future directions are discussed.

scholarly journals The Friendship Questionnaire, autism, and gender differences: a study revisited

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicity Sedgewick ◽  
Jenni Leppanen ◽  
Kate Tchanturia
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Online Study ◽  
Relationship Closeness ◽  
Autistic People ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Background The Friendship Questionnaire (FQ) is a widely used measure of friendships in autism research and beyond. This study sought to revisit the original paper where the measure was presented, using a larger sample of both autistic and non-autistic participants to examine gender differences in scoring. It also sought to expand upon the original paper by comparing FQ results to those of the Unidimensional Relationship Closeness Scale (URCS), to examine whether there are differences in how autistic people report on their general friendships in contrast to their most significant relationships. Methods Participants were recruited for an online study, and 949 people (532 autistic, 417 non-autistic) aged between 18 and 81 took part. Participants completed a demographic questionnaire, the Autism Quotient-28, the Friendship Questionnaire, and the Unidimensional Relationship Closeness Scale. Results We used robust regressions and Pearson’s correlational analyses, conducted in R. Autistic people scored lower than non-autistic people on the FQ, and similar gender differences in the pattern of FQ scores were seen in both groups. There was a significant negative correlation between AQ and FQ scores in both groups. On the URCS, we took the data from those who rated specific close relationships and found that autistic people scored this relationship more highly than non-autistic adults did. There was a significant negative correlation between AQ and URCS scores in both groups. Also, in both groups, there was a significant positive correlation between FQ and URCS scores. Limitations The data is entirely self-report, and diagnoses could not be verified with a clinician, although AQ scores support self-identification as autistic. Also, the groups were not evenly matched on age and other demographic variables, although this was controlled for in analyses. It is also the case that more autistic than non-autistic people were unable to specify a close relationship to score on the URCS, meaning that a certain set of experiences are not represented in this data. Conclusions We conclude that our data replicates the core finding of the original FQ paper that autistic people score lower on the FQ. In contrast to that paper, however, we found that there were gender differences among the autistic population. Also, our inclusion of the URCS suggests that the intimate romantic relationships and best-friendships of autistic people can be of similar quality to those of non-autistic people, suggesting that there may be important differences in autistic people’s relations with friends in general versus close friends and romantic partners.

Military Sexual Trauma During Deployment to Iraq and Afghanistan: Prevalence, Readjustment, and Gender Differences

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lori S. Katz ◽  
Geta Cojucar ◽  
Sayeh Beheshti ◽  
Erin Nakamura ◽  
Michelle Murray
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Sexual Trauma ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Military Sexual Trauma ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
And Gender

This study examines military sexual trauma (MST) in men and women deployed in the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. A diverse sample of 470 (408 men and 62 women) completed anonymous self-report questionnaires. Seventy-seven reported MST: 51 (12.5%) men and 26 (42%) women. MST was significantly related to symptoms and readjustment and most strongly with intimacy problems. Of those with MST, 73% also reported exposure to war-related stressors. Gender differences revealed that women reported a higher prevalence of MST, but men were more likely to endorse MST with multiple war-related stressors. However, no gender differences were found on reports of symptoms, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), or readjustment. Implications of these results are discussed.

scholarly journals Differentiation of Self and Hope Mediated by Resilience: Gender Differences

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-43
Author(s):  
Masoud Sadeghi ◽  
Usha Barahmand ◽  
Somaye Roshannia
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Systems Theory ◽  
Family Systems ◽  
Differentiation Of Self ◽  
Family Systems Theory ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Emotional Cutoff

The intent of the present study was to examine the associations among differentiation of self, resilience and hope. Extending Bowen’s family systems theory to adolescents in a middle eastern culture, we anticipated age and gender-based differences in the level of the constructs as well as in the associations among them. Employing a multistage cluster sampling procedure, a sample of 300 adolescents (132 girls and 168 boys) ranging in age from 14 to 19 years old (M = 16.36 years; SD = 1.24) were recruited from junior and senior high schools in Khoramabad. Data were collected through self-report measures, Differentiation of Self Inventory, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and Snyder Hope Scale, and analyzed via descriptive statistics, correlations and bootstrap analyses. Higher scores of differentiation were related to greater resilience and hope. Scores on I-position, emotional cutoff and fusion with others were also associated with resilience and hope. Age and gender differences emerged in certain components of differentiation. However, a moderated mediation analysis revealed no moderating effects of age and gender in the association between differentiation and resilience. Separate gender based bootstrapping results for mediation highlighted the specific indirect paths that resilience has in the relationship between I-position and hope in adolescent boys and between emotional closeness (low emotional cutoff) and hope in adolescent girls. Findings are discussed with regard to the cross-cultural validity of Bowen family systems theory.

The Children's Self-Report Questionnaire: Factor Score Age Trends and Gender Differences

1989 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 714-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSEPH H. BEITCHMAN ◽  
BASTIAN KRUIDENIER ◽  
ALISON INGLIS ◽  
MARJORIE CLEGG
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Factor Score ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Age Trends ◽  
And Gender

Early Adolescents’ Adjustment at School: A Fresh Look at Grade and Gender Differences

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 689-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Brass ◽  
Sarah E. McKellar ◽  
Elizabeth A. North ◽  
Allison M. Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Academic Adjustment ◽  
Fifth Graders ◽  
Emotional Adjustment ◽  
Sixth Graders ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Emotional Engagement ◽  
And Gender

This study examined group differences by grade (fifth graders in elementary school and sixth graders in middle school) and gender in academic (behavioral and emotional engagement, academic self-concept, and worry) and socio-emotional adjustment (self-esteem, social satisfaction, social self-concept, and worry). Self-report data were collected from 1,003 students in the fall and spring of the school year (51.2% female, 36.7% Black, 47.2% White, 7.5% Hispanic, 5.7% Asian, 3% Other). Grade differences were null or favored fifth graders for academic adjustment. Grade differences were null or favored sixth graders for socio-emotional adjustment. Gender differences were null or favored girls for academic and socio-emotional adjustment; however, girls reported more worry in both domains. Change over time generally disfavored girls leading to the emergence of, or increases in, gender gaps by spring. The discussion considers early adolescent development and the need for continued attention to middle school reform regarding academic adjustment and gender differences.

Brief Report. The PCL-R and Gender

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Grann
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Violent Offenders ◽  
Matched Pairs ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist Revised ◽  
And Gender

Summary: Hare's Psychopathy Checklist - Revised (PCL-R; Hare, 1991 ) was originally constructed for use among males in correctional and forensic settings. In this study, the PCL-R protocols of 36 matched pairs of female and male violent offenders were examined with respect to gender differences. The results indicated a few significant differences. By means of discriminant analysis, male Ss were distinguished from their female counterparts through their relatively higher scores on “callous/lack of empathy” (item 8) and “juvenile delinquency” (item 18), whereas the female Ss scored relatively higher on “promiscuous sexual behavior” (item 11). Some sources of bias and possible implications are discussed.

Personal Problem Solving of Partners in Divorce Proceedings

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tereza Soukupova ◽  
Petr Goldmann
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Thematic Apperception Test ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Personal Control ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Personal Problem ◽  
Thematic Apperception ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Given

Abstract. The Thematic Apperception Test is one of the most frequently administered apperceptive techniques. Formal scoring systems are helpful in evaluating story responses. TAT stories, made by 20 males and 20 females in the situation of legal divorce proceedings, were coded for detection and comparison of their personal problem solving ability. The evaluating instrument utilized was the Personal Problem Solving System-Revised (PPSS-R) as developed by G. F. Ronan. The results indicate that in relation to card 1, men more often than women saw the cause of the problem as removable. With card 6GF, women were more motivated to resolve the given problem than were men, women had a higher personal control and their stories contained more optimism compared to men’s stories. In relation to card 6BM women, more often than men, used emotions generated from the problem to orient themselves within the problem. With card 13MF, the men’s level of stress was less compared to that of the women, and men were more able to plan within the context of problem-solving. Significant differences in the examined groups were found in those cards which depicted significant gender and parental potentials. The TAT can be used to help identify personality characteristics and gender differences.

Sex and Gender Differences

2012 ◽  
Vol 220 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Hausmann ◽  
Barbara Schober
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Sex And Gender Differences
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