LEUKOCYTE-ENDOTHELIUM INTERACTIONS AFTER HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK/REPERFUSION AND CECAL LIGATION/PUNCTURE

Abstract Background: Multicapillary column ion-mobility spectrometry (MCC-IMS) may identify volatile components in exhaled gas. The authors therefore used MCC-IMS to evaluate exhaled gas in a rat model of sepsis, inflammation, and hemorrhagic shock. Methods: Male Sprague–Dawley rats were anesthetized and ventilated via tracheostomy for 10 h or until death. Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and incision in 10 rats; a sham operation was performed in 10 others. In 10 other rats, endotoxemia was induced by intravenous administration of 10 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide. In a final 10 rats, hemorrhagic shock was induced to a mean arterial pressure of 35 ± 5 mmHg. Exhaled gas was analyzed with MCC-IMS, and volatile compounds were identified using the BS-MCC/IMS-analytes database (Version 1209; B&S Analytik, Dortmund, Germany). Results: All sham animals survived the observation period, whereas mean survival time was 7.9 h in the septic animals, 9.1 h in endotoxemic animals, and 2.5 h in hemorrhagic shock. Volatile compounds showed statistically significant differences in septic and endotoxemic rats compared with sham rats for 3-pentanone and acetone. Endotoxic rats differed significantly from sham for 1-propanol, butanal, acetophenone, 1,2-butandiol, and 2-hexanone. Statistically significant differences were observed between septic and endotoxemic rats for butanal, 3-pentanone, and 2-hexanone. 2-Hexanone differed from all other groups in the rats with shock. Conclusions: Breath analysis of expired organic compounds differed significantly in septic, inflammation, and sham rats. MCC-IMS of exhaled breath deserves additional study as a noninvasive approach for distinguishing sepsis from inflammation.

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Melatonin Alleviates Renal Injury in Mouse Model of Sepsis

Frontiers in Pharmacology ◽

10.3389/fphar.2021.697643 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Liyang Chen ◽

Zhijian Han ◽

Zhiguang Shi ◽

Chao Liu ◽

Qiulun Lu

Keyword(s):

Renal Injury ◽

Oxidant Stress ◽

Mrna Level ◽

Cecal Ligation ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Protective Role ◽

Cecal Ligation Puncture ◽

Species Production

Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine; MLT) has been shown to have a renal-protective effect against kidney injury. However, the mechanisms underlying the protective role of MLT in sepsis-induced renal injury are yet to be revealed. In this study, MLT alleviated renal dysfunction with the increase of BUN (blood urea nitrogen) and SCR (serum creatinine) and reduction of fibrosis in the CLP (cecal ligation puncture) model. RNA-seq analysis showed that MLT repressed the oxidant stress in response to kidney injury. Our in vitro study showed that MLT suppresses LPS-induced accumulation of ROS (reactive oxygen species) production via SOD2 downregulation and Nox4 upregulation in HK-2 cells. Furthermore, we found that MLT alleviated the inflammatory response, with the mRNA-level reduction of Il-1α, Il-1β, Mcp-1, and Tgf-β1. Taken together, in evaluating the therapeutic effect of MLT on sepsis-induced acute kidney injury, the results showed that MLT alleviated renal damage by regulating the production of ROS.

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Trigonoside II mitigates sepsis-induced myocardial injury via reduction in oxidative stress and regulation of TLR- 4/NF-kB inflammatory pathway

Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.4314/tjpr.v19i6.6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (6) ◽

pp. 1161-1166

Author(s):

Fengru Wang ◽

Lili Wu ◽

Qun Liang

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Myocardial Injury ◽

Caspase 3 ◽

Cecal Ligation ◽

Rat Serum ◽

Inflammatory Pathway ◽

Post Surgery ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Protein Expressions ◽

Cecal Ligation Puncture

Purpose: To investigate the protective effect of trigonoside II against sepsis-induced myocardial injury in rats, and the mechanism involved. Methods: Adult male Sprague Dawley rats (n = 30) weighing 200 - 230 g (mean weight = 215 ± 15 g) were used for this study. The rats were randomly assigned to 3 groups (10 rats/group): sham, cecal ligation puncture (CLP), and trigonoside II. Rats in the treatment group received trigonoside II at a dose of 2 mg/kg intraperitoneally (i.p.) at 3, 12 and 24 h post-surgery. Sepsis was induced using CLP method. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK-MB) activities, and hemodynamic functions were determined in the rats. The levels of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) were assayed in rat serum. Oxidative stress and myocardial cell apoptosis were determined by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, while activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and myeloperoxidase (MPO), as well as levels of expression of bax, bcl-2 and caspase-3 were also assessed. Results: Treatment of myocardial injury rats with trigonoside II led to significant reductions in the activities of LDH, CK-MB and MPO, and decreases in levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α (p < 0.05). It also significantly reversed the effects of sepsis on rat hemodynamic functions (p < 0.05). Trigonoside IItreatment significantly reduced MDA levels in rat myocardial tissues, but significantly increased SOD and GPx activities (p < 0.05). It significantly down-regulated protein expressions of NF-kB and TLR-4 in myocardial tissues (p < 0.05). The number of apoptotic cells and activity of caspase-3 were significant increased in myocardial tissues of rats in CLP group, when compared with sham group, but were reduced significantly in myocardial tissues of trigonoside II-treated rats (p < 0.05). Similarly, trigonoside II treatment down-regulated the protein expressions of caspase-3 and bax, but upregulated bcl-2 protein expression in the rat myocardial tissues (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that trigonoside II confers protection on sepsis-induced myocardial injury via reduction in oxidative stress and regulation of TLR-4/NF-kB inflammatory pathway. Keywords: Cecal ligation puncture, Myocardial injury, Oxidative stress, Sepsis, Trigonoside II

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In vivo observation of mesenteric leukocyte-endothelial interactions after cecal ligation/puncture and surgical sepsis source control

Clinics ◽

10.1590/s1807-59322007000300018 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 62 (3) ◽

pp. 321-326 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Naomi K. Nakagawa ◽

José Jukemura ◽

Priscila Aikawa ◽

Rafael A. Nogueira ◽

Luiz F. Poli-de-Figueiredo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cecal Ligation ◽

Source Control ◽

Cecal Ligation Puncture

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HEART PROTEIN SYNTHESIS AFTER CECAL LIGATION & PUNCTURE (CLP) IN THE RAT

Shock ◽

10.1097/00024382-199906001-00040 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 11 (Supplement) ◽

pp. 12 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. OʼLeary ◽

C. Ferguson ◽

C. Hinds ◽

J. Coakley ◽

V. Preedy

Keyword(s):

Protein Synthesis ◽

Cecal Ligation ◽

Cecal Ligation Puncture

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Vascular endothelial growth factor is an important determinant of sepsis morbidity and mortality

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.20060375 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 203 (6) ◽

pp. 1447-1458 ◽

Cited By ~ 180

Author(s):

Kiichiro Yano ◽

Patricia C. Liaw ◽

Janet M. Mullington ◽

Shu-Ching Shih ◽

Hitomi Okada ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Cecal Ligation ◽

Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Cardiac Physiology ◽

Pathophysiological Role ◽

Cecal Ligation Puncture ◽

Endothelial Growth Factor ◽

Circulating Levels

Sepsis, the systemic inflammatory response to infection, is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The mechanisms of sepsis pathophysiology remain obscure but are likely to involve a complex interplay between mediators of the inflammatory and coagulation pathways. An improved understanding of these mechanisms should provide an important foundation for developing novel therapies. In this study, we show that sepsis is associated with a time-dependent increase in circulating levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and placental growth factor (PlGF) in animal and human models of sepsis. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of soluble Flt-1 (sFlt-1) in a mouse model of endotoxemia attenuated the rise in VEGF and PlGF levels and blocked the effect of endotoxemia on cardiac function, vascular permeability, and mortality. Similarly, in a cecal ligation puncture (CLP) model, adenovirus–sFlt-1 protected against cardiac dysfunction and mortality. When administered in a therapeutic regimen beginning 1 h after the onset of endotoxemia or CLP, sFlt peptide resulted in marked improvement in cardiac physiology and survival. Systemic administration of antibodies against the transmembrane receptor Flk-1 but not Flt-1 protected against sepsis mortality. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of VEGF but not PlGF exacerbated the lipopolysaccharide-mediated toxic effects. Together, these data support a pathophysiological role for VEGF in mediating the sepsis phenotype.

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