scholarly journals Phenyl N -tert-butylnitrone, a Free Radical Scavenger, Reduces Mechanical Allodynia in Chemotherapy-induced Neuropathic Pain in Rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 432-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee Kee Kim ◽  
Yan Ping Zhang ◽  
Young Seob Gwak ◽  
Salahadin Abdi
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Mechanical Allodynia ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Dose Dependent

Background Paclitaxel is a widely used chemotherapeutic drug for breast and ovarian cancer. Unfortunately, it induces neuropathic pain, which is a dose-limiting side effect. Free radicals have been implicated in many neurodegenerative diseases. The current study tests the hypothesis that a free radical scavenger plays an important role in reducing chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain. Methods Neuropathic pain was induced by intraperitoneal injection of paclitaxel (2 mg/kg) on four alternate days (days 0, 2, 4, and 6) in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Phenyl N-tert-butylnitrone (PBN), a free radical scavenger, was administered intraperitoneally as a single dose or multiple doses before or after injury. Mechanical allodynia was measured by using von Frey filaments. Results The administration of paclitaxel induced mechanical allodynia, which began to manifest on days 7-10, peaked within 2 weeks, and plateaued for at least 2 months after the first paclitaxel injection. A single injection or multiple intraperitoneal injections of PBN ameliorated paclitaxel-induced pain behaviors in a dose-dependent manner. Further, multiple administrations of PBN starting on day 7 through day 15 after the first injection of paclitaxel completely prevented the development of mechanical allodynia. However, an intraperitoneal administration of pbn for 8 days starting with the first paclitaxel injection did not prevent the development of pain behavior. Conclusions This study clearly shows that PBN alleviated mechanical allodynia induced by paclitaxel in rats. Furthermore, our data show that PBN given on days 7 through 15 after the first paclitaxel injection prevented the development of chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain. This clearly has a clinical implication.

Role of cytochrome P-450 in endogenous antipyresis

2000 ◽  
Vol 279 (2) ◽  
pp. R455-R460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wieslaw Kozak ◽  
Matthew J. Kluger ◽  
Anna Kozak ◽  
Maciej Wachulec ◽  
Karol Dokladny
Keyword(s):  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acid ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Rats And Mice ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Cytochrome P 450

In previous reports, we (15, 18) and others (29) demonstrated data showing that various inhibitors of cytochrome P-450/epoxygenase augment fever in rats and mice, indicating that the enzyme may be involved in endogenous antipyresis. The aim of this study was to further test the hypothesis that the P-450-dependent epoxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid is part of the homeostatic system to control the height of fever. Sprague-Dawley rats were implanted with biotelemeters to monitor body temperature. Fever was induced by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 80 μg/kg). We demonstrate that intraperitoneal administration of P-450 inducers (bezafibrate and dehydroepiandrosterone, 10 and 100 mg/kg) before LPS reduced fever in rats in a dose-dependent manner. In complementary experiments, rats were implanted with brain cannulas in addition to the biotelemeters. Various isomers of epoxyeicosanoids were administered into the lateral ventricle at doses of 0.01 to 10 μg/rat to test their influence on LPS-induced fever in rats. Four of five isomers were antipyretic in a dose-dependent manner. The most potent antipyretic isomers were 11,12-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET) followed by 14,15-EET, 8,9-EET, and 12(R) hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid. These data support the hypothesis that the cytochrome P-450/epoxygenase pathway of arachidonate metabolism is part of the endogenous antipyretic system.

scholarly journals Sodium Hydrosulfide Relieves Neuropathic Pain in Chronic Constriction Injured Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-qing Lin ◽  
Hui-qin Luo ◽  
Cai-zhu Lin ◽  
Jin-zhuan Chen ◽  
Xian-zhong Lin
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sodium Hydrosulfide ◽  
Withdrawal Threshold ◽  
Molecular Events ◽  
Relieve Pain ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Clinical Potential ◽  
Dose Dependent

Aberrant neuronal activity in injured peripheral nerves is believed to be an important factor in the development of neuropathic pain (NPP). Channel protein pCREB of that activity has been shown to mitigate the onset of associated molecular events in the nervous system, and sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) could inhibit the expression of pCREB. However, whether NaHS could relieve the pain, it needs further experimental research. Furthermore, the clinical potential that NaHS was used to relieve pain was limited so it would be required. To address these issues, the rats of sciatic nerve chronic constriction injury (CCI) were given intraperitoneal injection of NaHS containing hydrogen sulfide (H2S). The experimental results showed that NaHS inhibited the reduction of paw withdrawal thermal latency (PWTL), mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT), and the level of pCREB in CCI rats in a dose-dependent manner and they were greatly decreased in NaHSMgroup (P< 0.05). NaHS alleviates chronic neuropathic pain by inhibiting expression of pCREB in the spinal cord of Sprague-Dawley rats.

Soy Isoflavones Modify Liver Free Radical Scavenger Systems and Liver Parameters in Sprague–Dawley Rats

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Banz ◽  
Steve Hauck ◽  
Brian Gename ◽  
Todd Winters ◽  
Andrzej Bartke
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Soy Isoflavones ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Liver Parameters

scholarly journals Reduction of the sevoflurane minimum alveolar concentration induced by methadone, tramadol, butorphanol and morphine in rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Abreu ◽  
Delia Aguado ◽  
Javier Benito ◽  
Ignacio A Gómez de Segura
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Alveolar Concentration ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Before And After ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Dose Dependent

This study aimed to estimate the reduction in the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane induced by low and high doses of methadone (5 and 10 mg/kg), tramadol (25 and 50 mg/kg), butorphanol (5 and 10 mg/kg) or morphine (5 and 10 mg/kg) in the rat. A control group received normal saline. Sixty-three adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were anaesthetized with sevoflurane ( n = 7 per group). Sevoflurane MAC was then determined before and after intraperitoneal administration of the opioids or saline. The duration of the sevoflurane MAC reduction and basic cardiovascular and respiratory measurements were also recorded. The baseline MAC was 2.5 (0.3) vol%. Methadone, tramadol and morphine reduced the sevoflurane MAC (low dose: 31 ± 10, 38 ± 15 and 30 ± 13% respectively; high dose: 100 ± 0, 83 ± 17 and 77 ± 25%, respectively) in a dose-dependent manner. The low and high doses of butorphanol reduced the sevoflurane MAC to a similar extent (33 ± 7 and 31 ± 4%, low and high doses, respectively). Two rats developed apnoea following administration of high-dose butorphanol and methadone. These anaesthetic-sparing effects are clinically relevant and may reduce the adverse effects associated with higher doses of inhalational anaesthetics.

Glutamine promotes triglyceride absorption in a dose-dependent manner

2002 ◽  
Vol 282 (2) ◽  
pp. G317-G323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey B. Schwimmer ◽  
Looi Ee ◽  
Shuqin Zheng ◽  
Patrick Tso
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Mixture ◽  
Lipid Absorption ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Feeding Tubes ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Dose Dependent

Dietary proteins may play a role in lipid absorption. Whether amino acids are specifically involved is unknown. We hypothesized that enterally administered l-glutamine (l-Gln) given with a lipid meal increases triglyceride (TG) absorption in rats. Mesenteric lymph fistulae and gastroduodenal feeding tubes were placed in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. The animals received an enteral bolus of Intralipid (5 ml) followed by enteral infusion of increasing concentrations of l-Gln in saline (0, 85, 170, or 340 mM) or equimolar concentrations of the inactive isomer d-Gln or an essential amino acid mixture without Gln. Lymph was collected continuously for 6 h and analyzed for TG content. Animals infused with 85 mM l-Gln had a 64% increase in total TG output vs. controls ( P < 0.05) despite no difference in lymph flow rate. Total TG output for animals infused with 340 mMl-Gln declined by 43% vs. controls ( P < 0.05). The effect of Gln in promoting lymphatic fat transport is specific to l-Gln and not shared by d-Gln or an equivalent amino acid mixture. l-Gln is capable of either promoting or impairing lymphatic TG transport in a dose-dependent manner.

Cinnamomum cassia ameliorates Ni-NPs-induced liver and kidney damage in male Sprague Dawley rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 1565-1581
Author(s):  
S Iqbal ◽  
F Jabeen ◽  
C Peng ◽  
MU Ijaz ◽  
AS Chaudhry
Keyword(s):  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Cinnamomum Cassia ◽  
Preliminary Information ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Altered Blood ◽  
Biochemical Analyses ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Different Doses

Nickel nanoparticles (Ni-NPs) have been widely used in various industries related to electronics, ceramics, textiles, and nanomedicine. Ambient and occupational exposure to Ni-NPs may bring about potential detrimental effects on animals and humans. Thus, there is a growing effort to identify compounds that can ameliorate NPs-associated pathophysiologies. The present study examined Cinnamomum cassia ( C. cassia) bark extracts (CMBE) for its ameliorative activity against Ni-NPs-induced pathophysiological and histopathological alterations in male Sprague Dawley rats. The biochemical analyses revealed that dosing rats with Ni-NPs at 10 mg/kg/body weight (b.w.) significantly altered the normal structural and biochemical adaptations in the liver and kidney. Conversely, supplementations with CMBE at different doses (225, 200, and 175 mg/kg/b.w. of rat) ameliorated the altered blood biochemistry and reduced the biomarkers of liver and kidney function considerably ( p < 0.05) in a dose-dependent manner. However, the best results were at 225 mg/kg/b.w. of rat. The study provided preliminary information about the protective effect of C. cassia against Ni-NPs indicated liver and kidney damages. Future investigations are needed to explore C. cassia mechanism of action and isolation of single constituents of C. cassia to assess their pharmaceutical importance accordingly.

scholarly journals Collagen-Induced Reduction in Rat Circulating Platelet Count: Influence of Platelet Function Inhibitors

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.B. Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Platelet Function ◽  
Test System ◽  
Collagen Fibrils ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Double Lumen Cannula ◽  
Antiinflammatory Compound

The effect on circulating platelet count of repeated intravenous infusions of collagen fibrils was measured in male OFA Sprague-Dawley rats (400-550 g). Citrated blood was pumped from the left carotid artery of anaesthetized animals, via a siliconized double-lumen cannula, into the manifold of a Technicon Autocounter, for continuous registration of platelet count. Native collagen fibrils (Collagenreagent ‘Horm’) were infused intravenously for 1 min at 15 min intervals. Successive increasing collagen doses (20-320 pg/kg) induced dose-dependent reduction in platelet count, measured as absolute platelet number disappearing from the circulation. Repeated infusion of collagen 160 pg/kg produced constant, partially reversible, reduction in platelet count. Several known inhibitors of platelet aggregation were investigated in the described test system. Collagen effects were inhibited in a dose-dependent manner to a maximum of 50-60 %, and drug activity was thus quantitated on the basis of dose producing 30 % inhibition (ID30): prostaglandin E1 (1.6 pg/kg/min i.v. infusion), SH-869 (1.1 mg/kg i.v.), aspirin (33.1 mg/kg p.o.), proquazone, a new non-steroidal antiinflammatory compound (5.0 mg/kg p.o.). That part of the collagen response not inhibited might be attributed to the initial phase of platelet adhesion to collagen, known to be relatively refractive to platelet function inhibitors.

Protective Effect of Reduced Glutathione against CIS-Dichlorodiammine Platinum (II)–Induced Nephrotoxicity and Lethal Toxicity

1983 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franco Zunino ◽  
Odoardo Tofanetti ◽  
Adriana Besati ◽  
Ennio Cavalletti ◽  
Giuseppina Savi
Keyword(s):  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
Partial Protection ◽  
Lethal Toxicity ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Serum Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Dose Dependent

Pretreatment of Swiss mice and Sprague-Dawley rats with glutathione (GSH) reduced the acute lethal toxicity of cis-dichlorodiammine platinum (II) (cis-DDP) in a dose-dependent manner. The protection was accompanied by reduction of both body weight loss and by reduction of nephrotoxicity, as measured by a rise in serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine levels and by histopathologic changes, which occurred 4 days following cis-DDP treatment. The antitumor effects of cis-DDP on experimental tumor models (P388 and Gross leukemia) were not significantly altered by GSH treatment. It is suggested that the partial protection by GSH from acute toxicity of the antitumor drug is directly related to protection of renal function.

Biochemical changes and oxidative stress induced by zearalenone in the liver of pregnant rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Zhou ◽  
Y Zhang ◽  
S Yin ◽  
Z Jia ◽  
A Shan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Albumin Content ◽  
Dose Dependent

The aim of the present research was to examine the toxic influence of different doses of zearalenone (ZEN) on the liver, especially oxidative stress induced by ZEN on the liver. A total of 48 pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into 4 treatments groups with 12 animals in each. The rats were fed with a normal diet treated with 0 mg/kg (control), 50 mg/kg (treatment 1), 100 mg/kg (treatment 2), or 150 mg/kg (treatment 3) ZEN in feed on gestation days (GDs) 0–7 and then all the rats were fed with a normal diet on GDs 8–20. The experimental period lasted 21 days. The results showed that exposure to ZEN induced increase in aspartate amino transferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase activities and decrease in total protein and albumin content in a dose-dependent manner and also induce decrease in superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities and increase in malondialdehyde content in a dose-dependent manner in the serum and the liver. The increased transcription of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) was detected in the liver after exposure to ZEN. These results suggested that ZEN not only caused damage in the liver of pregnant rats in a dose-dependent manner but also induced the messenger RNA expression of CYP2E1 in the liver.

scholarly journals The Effects of Guizhi Fuling Capsule Drug Serum on Uterine Leiomyoma Cells and Its Mechanism

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Shen ◽  
Weijing Ye ◽  
Xiaoli Hu ◽  
Chuchu Zhao ◽  
Lulu Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uterine Leiomyoma ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Inhibition Rate ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Cell Inhibition ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Saline Lavage

Aims. To observe the effects of Guizhi Fuling Capsule (GZFLC) drug serum on uterine leiomyoma cells and explore its mechanism. Main Methods. Sixty Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups (normal saline lavage group and GZFLC lavage group), then, respectively, blank serum and GZFLC drug serum were collected, and finally human uterine leiomyoma cells were treated. Human leiomyoma tissues were collected from 20 patients who underwent uterine leiomyomas operations, and leiomyoma cells were primary cultured. The leiomyoma cells were treated by GZFLC drug serum in different concentrations (10%, 20%, and 30%) and variable treatment time (12 h, 24 h, 36 h, 48 h, and 72 h). Cell proliferation was observed using CCK8 assay. Flow cytometry and Annexin V/PI were used to assay the effects of GZFLC drug serum on cell apoptosis. Western blot analysis was used to assay the effects of GZFLC drug serum on TSC2, FOXO, and 14-3-3γ expression in uterine leiomyoma cells. Key Findings. In the concentrations of 10%～30%, GZFLC drug serum could inhibit proliferation of leiomyoma cells in dose-dependent manner; at the time of 36 h, cell inhibition rate was at the peak; GZFLC drug serum could induce apoptosis of leiomyoma also in a dose-dependent manner, and apoptosis rate quickly achieved maximum at 12 h time points, and then second apoptosis peak appeared at 36 h. Compared to nontreatment group, TSC2, FOXO, and 14-3-3γ expressions in drug serum group were significantly changed after 12 h treatment. Significance. GZFLC drug serum can efficiently inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of leiomyoma cells, which is related to the 14-3-3γ pathway.

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