scholarly journals Driving scene-based driving errors in brain injury patients and their relevance to cognitive-perceptual function and functional activity level

Medicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (27) ◽  
pp. e16315
Author(s):  
Myoung-Ok Park
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Perceptual Function

Effect of the monoaminergic stabiliser (−)-OSU6162 on mental fatigue following stroke or traumatic brain injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 303-312
Author(s):  
Marie K.L. Nilsson ◽  
Birgitta Johansson ◽  
Maria L. Carlsson ◽  
Robert C. Schuit ◽  
Lars Rönnbäck
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Mental Fatigue ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Good Tolerability

AbstractObjective:The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of (−)-OSU6162 in doses up to 30 mg b.i.d. in patients suffering from mental fatigue following stroke or traumatic brain injury (TBI).Methods:This 4 + 4 weeks double-blind randomised cross-over study included 30 patients afflicted with mental fatigue following a stroke or head trauma occurring at least 12 months earlier. Efficacy was assessed using the Mental Fatigue Scale (MFS), the Self-rating Scale for Affective Syndromes [Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale (CPRS)], the Frenchay Activity Index (FAI), and a battery of neuropsychological tests. Safety was evaluated by recording spontaneously reported adverse events (AEs).Results:There were significant differences on the patients’ total FAI scores (p = 0.0097), the subscale FAI outdoor scores (p = 0.0243), and on the trail making test (TMT-B) (p = 0.0325) in favour of (−)-OSU6162 treatment. Principal component analysis showed a clear overall positive treatment effect in 10 of 28 patients; those who responded best to treatment had their greatest improvements on the MFS. Reported AEs were mild or moderate in severity and did not differ between the (−)-OSU6162 and the placebo period.Conclusion:The most obvious beneficial effects of (−)-OSU6162 were on the patients’ activity level, illustrated by the improvement on the FAI scale. Moreover, a subgroup of patients showed substantial improvements on the MFS. Based on these observed therapeutic effects, in conjunction with the good tolerability of (−)-OSU6162, this compound may offer promise for treating at least part of the symptomatology in patients suffering from stroke- or TBI-induced mental fatigue.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of functional neutrophil activity in rats having periodontitis in thesetting of toxic hepatitis

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
L. V. Vokhmintseva ◽  
N. N. Mayanskaya ◽  
S. S. Rymar′ ◽  
P. A. Zheleznyi ◽  
A. P. Nadeyev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Activity ◽  
Toxic Hepatitis ◽  
Stimulation Index ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Blood Protein ◽  
Indirect Bilirubin ◽  
Functional Reserves ◽  
Experimental Inflammation ◽  
Experimental Toxic Hepatitis ◽  
Migration Of Macrophages

Experimental toxic hepatitis was induced by single administration of Acetaminophen ( paracetamol) in a dose of 1000 mg per 1 kg of body mass in Wistar rats. Inflammation pathology was modeled by wounding the upper maxilla gingiva in toxic hepatitis rats on the 6-th day. Intact rats were controls. On the 1-st and 7-th day, ratio of neutrophil-macrophag was determined in smears of the upper maxillas gingival, oxygen-dependent functional activity of neutrophils was assessed based upon HST-test, functional activity reserves were assessed by the stimulation index. On the 7-th and 13-th day, alaninaminotransferase and aspartataminotransferase activity, level of general and indirect bilirubin, general blood protein were assessed in blood serum of these rats. Toxic hepatitis was established to be accomplished by increased biocidity of phagocytes, decreased functional reserves of neutrophils and their migration into the parodontium. In experimental inflammation, suppurative processes in parodontium tissues are revealed in toxic hepatitis rats by 1.5 times less than in controls due to lower biocide activity of phagocyte cells and increased migration of macrophages.

scholarly journals Adult Concussion - 2 Changes in Activity Level and Symptom Recovery from Acute Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 692-702
Author(s):  
J Bailie ◽  
R Remigio-Baker ◽  
W Cole ◽  
K McCulloch ◽  
M Ettenhofer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Symptom Recovery

scholarly journals A COMPARISON OF THE MARX ACTIVITY RATING SCALE AND THE HOSPITAL FOR SPECIAL SURGERY PEDIATRIC FUNCTIONAL ACTIVITY BRIEF SCALE

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967120S0019
Author(s):  
Niv Marom ◽  
William Xiang ◽  
Madison R. Heath ◽  
Caroline Boyle ◽  
Peter D. Fabricant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Knee Injuries ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Special Surgery ◽  
Activity Rating ◽  
Hospital For Special Surgery

Background: The Marx Activity Rating Scale (MARS) and the Hospital for Special Surgery Pediatric Functional Activity Brief Scale (HSS Pedi-FABS) are both validated activity scales. While the MARS examines greatest physical activity level within the last year, the HSS Pedi-FABS assesses the greatest level of physical activity within the last month. Purpose: To determine whether the different time frames used in MARS and HSS Pedi-FABS affect scores on common items in both scales, and if so, to determine whether age or injury status affect this difference. Methods: The MARS and 4 analogous items on the HSS Pedi-FABS were administered sequentially in random order to patients being evaluated at two sports surgeons’ clinic for knee injuries in addition to their healthy companions in order to enroll an uninjured comparison group. Responses to each question were scored from 0-4 for a maximum overall score of 16. Participant demographics were also recorded. Paired and independent sample t-tests were used to determine mean differences between the two scales and between healthy and injured adults and children, respectively. Results: The final cohort included 88 participants of which 47% were children (ages 10-17) and 51% had a knee injury. All participants except for healthy adults scored significantly lower on the HSS Pedi-FABS than the MARS (p < 0.05, Table 1). On the HSS Pedi-FABS activity scale, healthy participants scored significantly higher than injured participants (p<0.01), but there were no significant differences based on age, Figure 1A. Conversely, on the MARS scale, children scored higher than adults (p≤0.001), but there were no significant differences based on injury, Figure 1B. Conclusion: Physical activity level is significantly different when evaluated by either MARS or its analogue portion of HSS Pedi-FABS. Because the only difference between the scales is the timeframe, the lower scores on the Pedi-FABS than the MARS are likely due to seasonal changes in activity which are not captured in the MARS. Because the Pedi-FABS analyzes a shorter window, it is more likely to capture acute changes in physical activity due to a recent injury than the MARS scale while the MARS scale is better suited for examining general physical activity unaffected by seasonality. Understating the differences between these scales can guide clinicians in using them appropriately when evaluating patient activity level. Tables: [Table: see text] Figures: [Figure: see text]

scholarly journals Acetabular erosion after hemiarthroplasty

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Venkatesh Kumar N. ◽  
Arvind Kumar S. M. ◽  
Vinayagamoorthy . ◽  
Sairamakrishnan S.
Keyword(s):  
Functional Activity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Clinical Activity ◽  
Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty ◽  
Neck Of Femur ◽  
Femur Fractures ◽  
Ucla Score ◽  
Cemented Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty ◽  
Neck Of Femur Fracture ◽  
Acetabular Erosion

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Neck of femur fractures are one of the devastating injuries in the old age. Their incidence is on the rise causing immense stress on the society. One of the most commonly done procedure is bipolar hemiarthroplasty. In our study we have evaluated the acetabular erosion after hemiarthroplasty, in neck of femur fracture patients after a minimum period of 2 years and have tried to correlate it with activity level of the patient.</span>The aim of the study were <span lang="EN-IN">early detection of acetabular erosion; to assess the functional outcome after minimum of 2 years after hemiarthroplasty by modified UCLA score; to correlate the functional activity level and radiological acetabular erosion.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">This is a retrospective radiological and clinical study. The post hemiarthroplasty plain radiographs, showing AP view of hip joint taken in the Department of Radiodiagnosis, PSGIMS&amp;R will be studied along with activity level assessment. By Convenient sampling method, all the patients undergone cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty, for fracture neck of femur after minimum of 2 years were assessed both radiologically and clinically. Functional activity level was assessed by Modified UCLA scoring system</span>.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">By this study we suggest an easy and effective way of evaluating acetabular erosion and clinical activity. There is significant increase in acetabular erosion as the duration after surgery increases. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">By this study we suggest an easy and effective way of evaluating acetabular erosion and clinical activity. There is significant increase in acetabular erosion as the duration after surgery increases. The clinical activity is by and large not significantly altered as the erosion progress at mid-term follow up.</span></p>

scholarly journals Effectiveness of proprioceptive training and conventional physical therapy in treating adhesive capsulitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rida Shabbir ◽  
Aatik Arsh ◽  
Haider Darain ◽  
Sadaf Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Adhesive Capsulitis ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Conventional Group ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
P Value ◽  
Group I ◽  
Proprioceptive Training

Objective: To determine effectiveness of proprioceptive training and conventional physical therapy in managing patients with adhesive capsulitis. Methods: A pre-test post-test control group study was conducted at Rehman Medical Institute from June to December 2019. Thirty-eight patients, aged 30 to 60 years, with diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis for more than four months were divided into two groups. Subjects in Group-I (conventional group; n=19) received conventional physical therapy protocols for one month while subjects in Group-II (proprioceptive group; n=19) received proprioceptive training along with conventional physical therapy for one month. Disability of Arm Shoulder & Hand questionnaire, Shoulder Pain & Disability Index and goniometer were used at baseline and post-treatment to assess functional activity level, pain & disability and range of motion respectively. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: The mean age of the participants was 53.13 ± 9.12 years. Baseline characteristics were balanced between the two groups. After the treatment, all measures (functional activity level, pain, disability, ROM) improved in both groups. Post treatment, between group analysis showed that functional activity (DASH) and pain (SPADI pain) significantly (P-value <0.05) improved in proprioceptive group as compared to conventional group. However, there were no significant differences (P-value≥ 0.05) in post treatment SPADI disability, SPADI total and ROM (flexion, abduction, external rotation) scores of both groups. Conclusion: Proprioceptive exercises along with conventional physical therapy are more effective in managing pain and improving functional activities in adhesive capsulitis patients as compared to conventional physical therapy alone. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.4.3874 How to cite this:Shabbir R, Arsh A, Darain H, Aziz S. Effectiveness of proprioceptive training and conventional physical therapy in treating adhesive capsulitis. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.4.3874 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals A systematic review of peer mentoring interventions for people with traumatic brain injury

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 1030-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard PG Morris ◽  
Joanna C Fletcher-Smith ◽  
Kathryn A Radford
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Peer Mentoring ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
The United States ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Author Citations

Objective: This systematic review sought evidence concerning the effectiveness of peer mentoring for people with traumatic brain injury. Data sources: Fourteen electronic databases were searched, including PsycINFO, MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library, from inception to September 21 2016. Ten grey literature databases, PROSPERO, two trials registers, reference lists and author citations were also searched. Review methods: Studies which employed a model of one-to-one peer mentoring between traumatic brain injury survivors were included. Two reviewers independently screened all titles and abstracts before screening full texts of shortlisted studies. A third reviewer resolved disagreements. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed studies for quality and risk of bias. Results: The search returned 753 records, including one identified through hand searching. 495 records remained after removal of duplicates and 459 were excluded after screening. Full texts were assessed for the remaining 36 studies and six met the inclusion criteria. All were conducted in the United States between 1996 and 2012 and employed a variety of designs including two randomised controlled trials. A total of 288 people with traumatic brain injury participated in the studies. No significant improvements in social activity level or social network size were found, but significant improvements were shown in areas including behavioural control, mood, coping and quality of life. Conclusion: There is limited evidence for the effectiveness of peer mentoring after traumatic brain injury. The available evidence comes from small-scale studies, of variable quality, without detailed information on the content of sessions or the ‘active ingredient’ of the interventions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document