EMX2OS plays a prognosis-associated enhancer RNA role in gastric cancer

Abstract Background:The aim of this study was to confirm enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) in gastric cancer and its clincial utility. Methods:We used cox survival analysis and relevance analysis to identify the candidate eRNAs in gastric cancer. Moreover, we performed GO and Reactome pathway enrichment to found the potential functions of eRNAs.Correlation between eRNA, tumor-infiltrating immune cells and drug sensitivity was then analyzed. Results: CDK6-AS1 may serve as a poor independent prognostic biomarker candidate in gastric cancer with positive correlation with its target gene CDK6. Low CDK6-AS1 expression group showed more frequent mutated driver genes than high expression ones. Moreover, CDK6-AS1 is involved in key oncogenic pathway as cell cycle and RNA transcription. CDK6-AS1 also shows dysregulations and associations with prognosis at pan-cancer level. This eRNA may also associated with immune cell infiltration and drug sensitivity. Conclusion:CDK6-AS1 may be a potential prognostic biomarker for gastric cancer, predict chemotherapeutic drugs sensitivity of gastric cancer.

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WAKMAR2, a Prognosis-related Enhancer RNA in Gastric Cancer

10.21203/rs.3.rs-97295/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yankai Zhang ◽

Yichao Yan ◽

Ning Ning ◽

Zhanlong Shen ◽

Yingjiang Ye

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

T Cells ◽

Immune Checkpoint ◽

Target Genes ◽

Immune Cell ◽

Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽

High Expression ◽

Enhancer Rna ◽

Kaplan Meier ◽

High Expression Group

Abstract Purpose An increasing number of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are thought to be associated with gastric cancer (GC). A lncRNA subclass that promotes enhancer function is called enhancer RNA (eRNA). We aimed to identify an eRNA that can predict GC prognosis and response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).Methods Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was utilized to screen eRNA which can predict the prognosis of GC (P <0.05). The method of Spearman correlation analysis was employed in the filtration of target genes related to eRNA (r> 0.4, P <0.001). According to the median of WAKMAR2 expression, the patients were subdivided into low expression group and high expression group. Subsequently, differences of immune checkpoint-related genes and immune cell infiltration between the two groups were further explored. Furthermore, we analyzed the correlation of WAKMAR2 with tumor mutation burden (TMB) and microsatellite instability (MSI) in GC and other types of cancer.Results WAKMAR2 and its target gene TNFAIP3 entered the subsequent analysis. Patients with high-WAKMAR2 expression had a favorable prognosis compared to patients with low-WAKMAR2 expression (P = 0.048). Immune checkpoint-related genes (PD-L1, CTLA4, PDCD1, LAG3) in the WAKMAR2 high-expression group were also highly expressed, except for B7-H3. In addition, infiltration levels of B cells naive, T cells CD8, T cells CD4 memory activated, as well as Macrophages M1 in high-WAKMAR2 group were greater than in low-WAKMAR2 group. Last, the expression of WAKMAR2 in GC was significantly correlated with TMB and MSI.Conclusion WAKMAR2, a new eRNA, is a promising biomarker that can be used to predict the overall survival (OS) of GC patients, and WAKMAR2 expression can be utilized to identify ICB responders in GC, providing new insights for immunotherapy strategies.

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Ultrastructural Cytochemical Study of Human Gastric Cancer: Observation of AKP ase,ACP ase,G6P ase,TPP ase and CO ase

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100158819 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 254-255

Author(s):

Dong Yuming ◽

Yang Guanglin ◽

Du Wei Dong ◽

Xu Ai Liam

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Gastric Epithelium ◽

Human Gastric Cancer ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Cytochemical Study ◽

Electron Microscopic Cytochemistry ◽

Cytochemical Reaction ◽

Set Up ◽

Cancer Tissues ◽

Cytochemical Technique

The activities and distributions of AKPase ,ACPase,G6Pase,TPPase and COase in human normal gastric mucosa and gastric cancer tissues were studied histochemically at light microscopic level. These enzymes are the marker enzymes of cell membrane lysosome endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and mitochondrion objectively. On the basis of the research we set up a special ultrastructural cytochemical technique and first researched into gastric cancer domesticly. Ultrastructural cytochemistry is also called electron microscopic cytochemistry. This new technique possesses both the sensitivity of cytochemical reaction andi the high resolution of electron microscope. It is characterized by direct observation,exact localization and the combination morphology with function.The distributions of AKPase,ACPase,G6Pase,TPPase and COase in 14 cases of gastric cancer and 1 case of gastric Denign lesion were studied ultrastructurally. The results showed: 1. normal gastric epithelium had no AKPase reaction. The reaction of ACPase,G6Pase,TPPase and Coase were found in the corresponding organella, which were consistent with their function.

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Ultrastructural Localization Study of Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) in Gastric Cancer: Immunoelectron Microscopic Observation

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100158807 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 252-253

Author(s):

Dong Yuming ◽

Yang Guanglin ◽

Wu Jifeng ◽

Chen Xiaolin

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Intestinal Metaplasia ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Microscopic Observation ◽

Biological Significance ◽

Ultrastructural Localization ◽

Mucinous Carcinoma ◽

Surface Glycoprotein ◽

Tubular Adenocarcinoma ◽

Pap Method

On the basis of light microscopic observation, the ultrastructural localization of CEA in gastric cancer was studied by immunoelectron microscopic technique. The distribution of CEA in gastric cancer and its biological significance and the mechanism of abnormal distribution of CEA were further discussed.Among 104 surgically resected specimens of gastric cancer with PAP method at light microscopic level, the incidence of CEA(+) was 85.58%. All of mucinous carcinoma exhibited CEA(+). In tubular adenocarcinoma the incidence of CEA(+) showed a tendency to rising with the increase of degree of differentiation. In normal epithelia and intestinal metaplasia CEA was faintly present and was found only in the luminal surface. The CEA staining patterns in cancer cells were of three types--- cytoplasmic, membranous and weak reactive type. The ultrastructural localization of CEA in 14 cases of gastric cancer was studied by immunoelectron microscopic technique.There was a little or no CEA in the microvilli of normal epithelia. In intestinal metaplasia CEA was found on the microvilli of absorptive cells and among the mucus particles of goblet cells. In gastric cancer CEA was also distributed on the lateral and basal surface or even over the entire surface of cancer cells and lost their polarity completely. Many studies had proved that the alterations in surface glycoprotein were characteristic changes of tumor cells. The antigenic determinant of CEA was glycoprotein, so the alterations of tumor-associated surface glycoprotein opened up a new way for the diagnosis of tumors.

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