scholarly journals Adsorption experiments with radium D and Radium E

1926 ◽  
Vol 111 (757) ◽  
pp. 134-143 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Active Compound ◽  
Silver Chloride ◽  
Barium Sulphate ◽  
Common Element ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Adsorption Effect ◽  
Solid Precipitate ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Insoluble Salt

Our knowledge of the behaviour of radio-elements in precipitation reactions is mainly due to Fajans and his co-workers, who investigated the relation existing between the completeness of the removal of the radio-element from solution and the solubility of its salt. They found that, when a filterable quantity of the precipitate of a common element was brought down in a solution containing an infinitesimal quantity of a radio-element, the radio-element itself was precipitated, if its corresponding compound was also insoluble. This general conclusion was later investigated by Fajans and Richter ( loc. cit .) with respect to thorium B, and it was further established that the degree of removal of the radio-element was dependent on the solubility of the precipitate of the ordinary element. Thus with very insoluble precipitates such as bismuth sulphide and barium sulphate, thorium B was completely precipitated, while less insoluble precipitates like silver chloride carried down only part of the radio-element. It was also suggested that when the precipitate was the insoluble salt of an isotope, the removal of the radio-element was to be ascribed to its solid solution in the isotopic precipitate, whereas removal by precipitates of dissimilar elements was an adsorption effect. This last fact, the connection between the adsorption of radio-elements by various substances and the solubility of the corresponding active compounds, was the subject of detailed researches by Paneth, and by Horovitz and Paneth. As a result, it was proved that the connection between the magnitude of the completeness of removal of the radio-element and the solubility of the analogous radio-active compound, held for a solid precipitate added to the solution as well as for the case of a precipitate brought down in the solution. Experiments have also been conducted in this field by Ebler and van Rhyn and others.

Pharmaceutically Active Compounds Degradation Using Doped TiO2 Functionalized Zeolite Photocatalyst

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Ihos ◽  
Corneliu Bogatu ◽  
Carmen Lazau ◽  
Florica Manea ◽  
Rodica Pode
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Active Compound ◽  
Uv Spectra ◽  
Pharmaceutically Active Compounds ◽  
Mineralization Process ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Spectra Analysis ◽  
Doped Tio2 ◽  
Toc Removal ◽  
Pharmaceutically Active Compound

The aim of this study was the investigation of photocatalytic degradation of pharmaceutically active compounds using doped TiO2 functionalized zeolite photocatalyst. Diclofenac (DCF), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, that represents a biorefractory micropollutant, was chosen as model of pharmaceutically active compound. The photocatalyst was Z-TiO2-Ag. The concentration of DCF in the working solutions was 10 mg/L,50 mg/L,100 mg/L and 200 mg/L and of photocatalyst 1 g/L in any experiments. The process was monitored by recording the UV spectra of the treated solutions and total organic carbon (TOC) determination. The UV spectra analysis and TOC removal proved that along the advanced degradation of DCF also a mineralization process occurred. The carried out research provided useful information envisaging the treatment of pharmaceutical effluents by photocatalysis.

Fast Dissolving/Disintegrating Dosage Forms of Natural Active Compounds and Alternative Medicines

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-39
Author(s):  
Anupama Singh ◽  
Vandana Kharb ◽  
Vikas Anand Saharan
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Active Compound ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Oral Ingestion ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Alternative Medicines ◽  
Alternative Systems ◽  
The Family ◽  
Herbal Formulations

Fast Dissolving/Disintegrating Dosage Forms (FDDFs) are a group of dosage forms which dissolve or disintegrate quickly, leading to fast distribution of active ingredients at the site of administration; thereby providing ease of oral ingestion of solid unit dosage forms and have the potential to enhance transmucosal absorption. With time, the use of FDDFs in alternative systems has significantly increased. Homeopathic systems and traditional Chinese medicine have embraced FDDFs for the delivery of active compounds. Most of the patents in this area are from China or by the Chinese innovators. In Europe and US, FDDFs have been extensively studied for the delivery of natural active compounds. It was fascinating to know that some new dosage forms and new routes of delivering active compounds are also making their way to the family of FDDFs. The dose of active compound, size of dosage forms, standardization of extracts, polyherbal mixtures, stability of active compounds, safety, efficacy and pharmacokinetics are challenging issues for developing FDDF herbal formulations or phytopharmaceuticals.

Kothons and Vases of allied types

1911 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 72-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Burrows ◽  
P. N. Ure
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Common Element ◽  
The Subject ◽  
New Evidence

The vases to be discussed in this article have as their common element a flat body and the turned-in rim that we now associate with an unspillable inkpot. The question of their name and use has already been the subject of much indecisive discussion, the fullest and ablest statement of the problem being given by E. Pernice, Jahrbuch 1899, pp. 60–72, where he maintains that the vases were all censers. Pernice had before him, however, a comparatively small number of typical vases, those he actually quotes being only 20. The fact that at Rhitsóna we had excavated 112 such vases suggested to us that it was worth while to see what light could be thrown on the problem by statistics dealing with all the vases extant. The new evidence does not definitely solve the problem. It does, however, emphasise and increase the serious objections already raised by Kourouniotes to Pernice's theory; and makes it not improbable that some, at least, of these vases were lamps, a view which has never yet been argued, either for or against. Our object in the present article is not to prove a theory but to state evidence.

Systematic design of analogs of active compounds covering more than 1000 targets

MedChemComm ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 859-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilyana Dimova ◽  
Jürgen Bajorath
Keyword(s):  
Active Compound ◽  
Systematic Design ◽  
Active Compounds

Analogs of active compounds. Shown is an active compound (top) with highlighted substitution sites at which a known (blue) and virtual (orange) analog have different R-groups.

scholarly journals Exploring the mechanism of the anti-hypertension properties of Morinda citrifolia through a bioinformatics approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dian Laila Purwaningroom ◽  
◽  
Sholihatul Maghfirah ◽  
Muhaimin Rifai ◽  
Widodo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Active Compound ◽  
Ace Inhibitor ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Active Compounds

Traditionally, noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) has been used to treat hypertension in tropical countries. The noni extract was proven to reduce blood pressure and relatively safe to the liver and kidney in the animal model. This extract could inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and plays a pivotal role in controlling blood pressure. However, the active compound of the extract that has function as the ACE inhibitor is still unknown. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the mechanism of anti-hypertension of noni methanol extract as well as its active compound that acts as the ACE inhibitor by using a bioinformatics approach. An enzyme activity analysis showed that noni methanol extract inhibits ACE activity based on a dose-dependent manner. Further analysis using bioinformatic analysis suggested that three active compounds of Morinda citrifolia, namely linoleic acid, palmitate, and oleic acid, might be bound to PPARA and NOS3 protein. The two targeted protein is predicted as a regulator of blood pressure through the PPARA pathway. The findings showed that M. citrifolia has numerous active compounds containing multiple protein targets, which regulate blood pressure. However, in vitro and in vivo research should be conducted to provide evidence for the mechanism.

scholarly journals KEMAMPUAN EKSTRAK SENYAWA AKTIF BAKTERI ENDOFIT DALAM MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. PADA KELAPA SAWIT

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
Emilia Candrawati ◽  
Bedah Rupaedah ◽  
Sumpono Sumpono ◽  
Agus Sundaryono
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Active Compound ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Activity Test

Ability of Active Compound Extract of Endophytic Bacteria to Inhibit the Growth of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. in Oil Palm ABSTRACTWilt vessels disease in oil palm plants is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. This disease is very harmful because of its ability to kill the infected oil palm plant in less than a year. Endophytic bacteria are likely to be biological controllers for the disease because of their ability to produce bioactive antifungal compounds. Isolation of endophytic bacteria from oil palm plant and activity test of their active compounds against F. oxysporum f.sp. in vitro had been done. Antagonistic test of endophytic bacterial isolates against F. oxysporum f.sp. was carried out using a double culture method. The potential endophytic bacterial isolates were extracted using ethyl acetate solvent for their active compounds, which were then tested for its activity in inhibiting the growth of F. oxysporum f.sp. The results showed that the active compound extract of B11 endophytic bacteria with the incubation time of 24 and 54 hours gave the growth inhibition of F. oxysporum f.sp. at the level of 29.23% and 43.85%, respectively.Keywords: antagonistic test, bioactive compound, endophytic bacteria, F. oxysporum f.sp., oil palm ABSTRAKPenyakit layu pembuluh pada tanaman kelapa sawit disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. Penyakit ini menjadi penyebab kematian tanaman kelapa sawit yang telah terinfeksi dalam waktu kurang dari setahun. Bakteri endofit asal tanaman kelapa sawit dimungkinkan menjadi pengendali hayati bagi penyakit ini karena kemampuan bakteri tersebut memproduksi senyawa bioaktif yang bersifat antifungi. Isolasi bakteri endofit dari tanaman kelapa sawit dan uji aktivitas senyawa aktifnya terhadap F. oxysporum f.sp. secara in vitro telah dilakukan. Uji antagonis isolat bakteri endofit terhadap jamur patogen F. oxysporum f.sp. menggunakan metode kultur ganda. Isolat bakteri endofit potensial diekstrak senyawa aktifnya dengan menggunakan pelarut etil asetat, kemudian senyawa aktif ini diuji aktivitasnya dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur patogen F. oxysporum f.sp. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak senyawa aktif bakteri endofit B11 dengan waktu inkubasi 24 dan 54 jam memberikan daya hambat terhadap F. oxysporum f.sp. sebesar masing-masing 29,23% dan 43,85%.Kata Kunci: bakteri endofit, F. oxysporum f.sp., kelapa sawit, senyawa aktif, uji antagonis 

Cellulose Diacetate/Organoclay Nanocomposites as Controlled Release Matrices for Pest Control Applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thabang N. Mphateng ◽  
Antonio B. Mapossa ◽  
James Wesley-Smith ◽  
Shatish Ramjee ◽  
Walter W Focke
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Active Compound ◽  
Methyl Salicylate ◽  
Solubility Parameters ◽  
Hansen Solubility Parameters ◽  
Cellulose Diacetate ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Insect Repellents ◽  
The Matrix

Abstract This study aimed to develop cellulose-based polymer matrices as controlled release devices for plant-based insect repellents and attractants, with the aim of finding sustainable and environmentally friendly pest control methods for agricultural applications. Citronellol, terpineol and methyl salicylate were the selected active compounds for this study. Their compatibility with cellulose diacetate was predicted using Hansen Solubility Parameters, which predicted terpineol as the most compatible with cellulose diacetate, followed by methyl salicylate and citronellol. This was consistent with the plasticization efficiency trend from DMA results of solvent cast cellulose diacetate films containing the active compounds. The chemical identity of the films and cellulose diacetate-active compound intermolecular interactions were verified by FTIR. TGA demonstrated the thermal stability of cellulose diacetate/active compound/clay formulations at temperatures not exceeding 170 °C. Cellulose diacetate/organoclay nanocomposite matrices containing the active compounds at 35 wt-% were prepared by twin screw extrusion compounding, with the active compounds also functioning as plasticizers. The amount of active compound in the strands was determined by solvent extraction and TGA. Both methods showed that small amounts of active compound were lost during the compounding process. SEM demonstrated the effect of organoclay on the internal morphology of the matrix, whereas TEM showed clay dispersion and intercalation within the matrix. The matrix served as a reservoir for the active compounds while simultaneously controlling their release into the environment. Release profiles, obtained through oven ageing at 40 °C for 70 days, were fitted to existing Log-logistic and Weibull models, and novel Diffusion and Modified Weibull release models. Citronellol was released the fastest, followed by methyl salicylate and terpineol. The findings suggest that cellulose diacetate/organoclay strands are promising controlled-release matrices for pest control purposes.

Looking at the Falkland Islands from Antarctica: the broader regional perspective

Polar Record ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (174) ◽  
pp. 167-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Beck
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Common Element ◽  
Falkland Islands ◽  
The South ◽  
Regional Context ◽  
South Georgia ◽  
The Past ◽  
South Sandwich Islands ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Regional Perspective

AbstractA range of geographical, political, legal, economic, scientific, environmental, and other inter-connections can be drawn between the Falkland Islands and Antarctica. One common element concerns the fact that both areas remain the subject of long-standing dispute between Argentina and Britain. In the past, various attempts have been made to present Antarctic experience as the basis for action in the Falklands question, most notably, as part of the search for a resolution of the Anglo-Argentine impasse regarding sovereignty over the Falklands/Malvinas. A number of proposed linkages are examined, although, admittedly, it is easier to pose questions than to provide answers. Nevertheless, the proposals articulate the merits of viewing the Falkland Islands in a wider regional context, defined as covering the archipelago, South Georgia, the South Sandwich Islands, Antarctica, and possibly South America.

scholarly journals Biological Activities of Extracts from Different Parts of two Cultivars of Prunus persica ‘Akatsuki’ and ‘Fastigiata’

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1801301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshinori Nakagawa ◽  
Ahmed E. Allam ◽  
Koichiro Ohnuki ◽  
Kuniyoshi Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Active Compound ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Biological Investigation ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
By Products ◽  
Different Parts

We investigated the antioxidant, anti-lipase and anti-dementia activities of peach ( Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) fruit and its by-products. The ethanol extracts of branch showed relatively high activity in all biological activities. Then, the extract was fractionated, and eight compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction. Results showed 4,2’,4'-trihydroxy-6'-methoxychalcone 4'- O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5) and quercetin 3- O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7) as newly identified compounds in P. persica. From the biological investigation, it was considered that quercetin 3- O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7) was the main active compound of antioxidant activity. The main active compound of anti-lipase activity in these was oleanolic acid (1). In addition, (+)-4'- O-methylcatechin (4), 4,2’,4'-trihydroxy-6'-methoxychalcone 4'- O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5) and ferulic acid (6) were the main active compounds of anti-dementia activity with acetylcholinesterase inhibitory assay. The results obtained suggested that these active compounds from peach branches of P. persica could be exploited as natural antioxidants, anti-lipase and anti-dementia materials in the future.

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