scholarly journals Two cases of trichromic vision

1905 ◽  
Vol 76 (508) ◽  
pp. 194-198
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Contrast ◽  
Greenish Yellow ◽  
Orange Yellow ◽  
Different Parts

1. One case (Professor J. J. Thomson) sees only three colours in the bright spectrum—red, green, and violet. He can distinguish nothing of the nature of pure yellow, like the sensation given him by the sodium flame in the spectrum. There is no definite colour to him at the portion of the spectrum where the normal sighted see pure blue. Reddish-green would describe the orange and yellow regions and greenish-violet the blue. λ 5950 (orange-yellow) is the point which differs most from red and green. There was no shortening of either end of the spectrum. The point of junction of the red and green differed somewhat in repeating the observations because of his great sensitiveness to simultaneous contrast. It was, however, always in the orange or orange-yellow, never in the yellow of the normal sighted. Difference of Hue Perception .—I then tested him with my apparatus for ascertaining the size of different parts of the spectrum which appear monochromatic, and found that he was defective in distinguishing differences of hue. A portion of the spectrum corresponding to the D lines, and isolated by two shutters in the eye-piece of the spectroscope, was first shown. The shutter on the red side was gradually opened until a difference of hue was seen. The monochromatic patch extended from λ 5889 to λ 6052, being exactly half as large again as that of the normal sighted, which occupies the space from λ 5889 to λ 5998. The monochromatic patch the called greenish-yellow. His monochromatic patch in the centre of the green bore exactly the same proportion to mine as in the case of the orange-yellow, being just half as large again.

A Study of the Argentaffin (Kultschitzky) Cells in frozen-dried Tissue by Phase-Contrast Microscopy and Ultra-Violet Light

1955 ◽  
Vol s3-96 (35) ◽  
pp. 289-293
Author(s):  
A. C. CHRISTIE
Keyword(s):  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Phase Contrast Microscopy ◽  
Ultra Violet Light ◽  
Violet Light ◽  
Greenish Yellow ◽  
Orange Yellow ◽  
Photographic Evidence ◽  
Absorption Of Light ◽  
Contrast Microscopy

1. The argentaffin cells in guinea-pig intestine have been studied by phase-contrast microscopy and in ultra-violet light. Frozen-dried tissue has been used. 2. One such cell in a section 5-7µ thick was selected and studied throughout. In an unfixed section mounted in nonane, the cytoplasm is packed with fine granules which emit a greenish-yellow fluorescence in ultra-violet light of wavelength 2,750 Å. There is also photographic evidence of absorption of light of this wavelength. 3. After formaldehyde fixation the fluorescence changes to orange-yellow and becomes much weaker. The absorption of light by the granular cytoplasmic contents is also greatly reduced. 4. There is no fluorescence and no photographic evidence of absorption of light of wavelength 2570 Å by the granular cytoplasmic contents, either before or after formaldehyde fixation. 5. The nuclear chromatin pattern in these cells is unaltered by formaldehyde fixation, and is well demonstrated in photographs taken in ultra-violet light of both the wavelengths mentioned above.

scholarly journals Extent of variability in fruit morphological characters of local mango germplasm

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gurbir Singh ◽  
Sukhdev Singh
Keyword(s):  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Fruit Colour ◽  
Light Yellow ◽  
Greenish Yellow ◽  
Orange Yellow ◽  
Fruit Skin ◽  
Yellow Orange ◽  
Medium Type

  A study was conducted on twenty five genotypes of seedling Mangoes to examine fruit morphological characters. Fruit shape of the evaluated germplasm varied enormously and fruits of obovoid, elliptic, round and oblong shapes were found. Fruit apex shape in the evaluated plants was round, acute and obtuse. Depth of fruit stalk cavity was either absent, shallow and of medium type, whereas, fruit neck prominence was absent to slightly prominent in the tested plants. Shape of fruit ventral shoulder was varied and found to be slopping abruptly, rising and then rounded and long curve type in the evaluated germplasm. Fruit beak varies from pointed to perceptible type and fruit sinus was absent to shallow type in the fruits from different plants. Fruit attractiveness varies from very good to excellent and fruit colour from greenish yellow to green colour of fruit skin at maturity was noted in fruits from selected trees. Peel colour of AA-15 was different amongst all the genotypes which were green with red blush. Pulp colour varied from light orange, yellow orange, orange yellow, yellow and light yellow, whereas, pulp texture was soft to intermediate in the evaluated germplasm. Key words: Mangifera indica; Genotype susceptibility; Punjab; India.  

V. On some optical phenomena of opals

1869 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 448-453 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Relative Position ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
The Other ◽  
Artificial Light ◽  
Greenish Yellow ◽  
Orange Yellow ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Optical Phenomena

When a good fiery opal is examined in day-, sun-, or artificial light, it appears to emit vivid flashes of crimson, green, or blue light, according to the angle at which the incident light falls, and the relative position of the opal and the observer; for the direction of the path of the emitted beam bears no uniform proportion to the angle of the incident light. Examined more closely, the flashes of light are seen to proceed from planes or surfaces of irregular dimensions inside the stone, at different depths from the surface and at all angles to each other. Occasionally a plane emitting light of one colour overlaps a plane emitting light of another colour, the two colours becoming alternately visible upon slight variations of the angle of the stone; and sometimes a plane will be observed which emits crimson light at one end, changing to orange, yellow, green, &c., until the other end of the plane shines with a blue light, the whole forming a wonderfully beautiful solar spectrum in miniature. I need scarcely say that the colours are not due to the presence of any pigment, but are interference colours caused by minute strise or fissures lying in different planes. By turning the opal round and observing it from different directions, it is generally possible to get a position in which it shows no colour whatever. Viewed by transmitted light, opals appear more or less deficient in transparency and have a slight greenish yellow or reddish tinge. In order to better adapt them to the purposes of the jeweller, opals are almost always polished with rounded surfaces, back and front; but the flashes of coloured light are better seen and examined when the top and bottom of the gems are ground and polished flat and parallel.

Extent of variability in fruit morphological characters of local mango germplasm

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gurbir Singh ◽  
Dr. Sukhdev Singh
Keyword(s):  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Fruit Colour ◽  
Light Yellow ◽  
Greenish Yellow ◽  
Orange Yellow ◽  
Fruit Skin ◽  
Yellow Orange ◽  
Medium Type

 A study was conducted on twenty five genotypes of seedling Mangoes to examine fruit morphological characters. Fruit shape of the evaluated germplasm varied enormously and fruits of obovoid, elliptic, round and oblong shapes were found. Fruit apex shape in the evaluated plants was round, acute and obtuse. Depth of fruit stalk cavity was either absent, shallow and of medium type, whereas, fruit neck prominence was absent to slightly prominent in the tested plants. Shape of fruit ventral shoulder was varied and found to be slopping abruptly, rising and then rounded and long curve type in the evaluated germplasm. Fruit beak varies from pointed to perceptible type and fruit sinus was absent to shallow type in the fruits from different plants. Fruit attractiveness varies from very good to excellent and fruit colour from greenish yellow to green colour of fruit skin at maturity was noted in fruits from selected trees. Peel colour of AA-15 was different amongst all the genotypes which were green with red blush. Pulp colour varied from light orange, yellow orange, orange yellow, yellow and light yellow, whereas, pulp texture was soft to intermediate in the evaluated germplasm. Key words: Mangifera indica; Genotype susceptibility; Punjab; India.

Track 2.b Introduction: Design & Democracy

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Virginia TASSINARI ◽  
Ezio MANZINI ◽  
Maurizio TELI ◽  
Liesbeth HUYBRECHTS
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Core Theme ◽  
The Past ◽  
Noam Chomsky ◽  
Local Contexts ◽  
Democratic Discourse ◽  
Different Parts

The issue of design and democracy is an urgent and rather controversial one. Democracy has always been a core theme in design research, but in the past years it has shifted in meaning. The current discourse in design research that has been working in a participatory way on common issues in given local contexts, has developed an enhanced focus on rethinking democracy. This is the topic of some recent design conferences, such PDC2018, Nordes2017 and DRS2018, and of the DESIS Philosophy Talk #6 “Regenerating Democracy?” (www.desis-philosophytalks.org), from which this track originates. To reflect on the role and responsibility of designers in a time where democracy in its various forms is often put at risk seems an urgent matter to us. The concern for the ways in which the democratic discourse is put at risk in many different parts of the word is registered outside the design community (for instance by philosophers such as Noam Chomsky), as well as within (see for instance Manzini’s and Margolin’s call Design Stand Up (http://www.democracy-design.org). Therefore, the need to articulate a discussion on this difficult matter, and to find a common vocabulary we can share to talk about it. One of the difficulties encountered for instance when discussing this issue, is that the word “democracy” is understood in different ways, in relation to the traditions and contexts in which it is framed. Philosophically speaking, there are diverse discourses on democracy that currently inspire design researchers and theorists, such as Arendt, Dewey, Negri and Hardt, Schmitt, Mouffe, Rancière, Agamben, Rawls, Habermas, Latour, Gramsci, whose positions on this topic are very diverse. How can these authors guide us to further articulate this discussion? In which ways can these philosophers support and enrich design’s innovation discourses on design and democracy, and guide our thinking in addressing sensitive and yet timely questions, such as what design can do in what seems to be dark times for democracy, and whether design can possibly contribute to enrich the current democratic ecosystems, making them more strong and resilient?

In Quest of a Second Boom

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 257-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirzad Azad
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Gulf Cooperation Council ◽  
East Region ◽  
Personal Motivation ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Middle East Region ◽  
Different Parts

In spite of her troubled presidency at home and premature, ignominious exit from power, Park Geun-hye made serious attempts to bolster the main direction of the Republic of Korea’s (ROK) foreign policy toward the Middle East. A collaborative drive for accomplishing a new momentous boom was by and large a dominant and recurring theme in the Park government’s overall approach to the region. Park enjoyed both personal motivation as well as politico-economic justifications to push for such arduous yet potentially viable objective. Although the ROK’s yearning for a second boom in the Middle East was not ultimately accomplished under the Park presidency, nonetheless, the very aspiration played a crucial role in either rekindling or initiating policy measures in South Korea’s orientation toward different parts of a greater Middle East region, extending from the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) to Morocco.

Alcohol Absorption Rate from Different Parts of the Gut

1968 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-312
Author(s):  
Ronald G. Elmslie ◽  
Nanette Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Different Parts

BIOASSAY CHARACTERISTICS OF INDIVIDUAL URINARY GONADOTROPHIN EXTRACTS

1963 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-224
Author(s):  
Raymond C. Mellinger ◽  
Jalileh A. Mansour ◽  
Richmond W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Reference Material ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
General Acceptance ◽  
Modifying Factors ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The World ◽  
Quantitative Bioassay ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Age And Sex

ABSTRACT A reference standard is widely sought for use in the quantitative bioassay of pituitary gonadotrophin recovered from urine. The biologic similarity of pooled urinary extracts obtained from large numbers of subjects, utilizing groups of different age and sex, preparing and assaying the materials by varying techniques in different parts of the world, has lead to a general acceptance of such preparations as international gonadotrophin reference standards. In the present study, however, the extract of pooled urine from a small number of young women is shown to produce a significantly different bioassay response from that of the reference materials. Gonadotrophins of individual subjects likewise varied from the multiple subject standards in many instances. The cause of these differences is thought to be due to the modifying influence of non-hormonal substances extracted from urine with the gonadotrophin and not necessarily to variations in the gonadotrophins themselves. Such modifying factors might have similar effects in a comparative assay of pooled extracts contributed by many subjects, but produce significant variations when material from individual subjects is compared. It is concluded that the expression of potency of a gonadotrophic extract in terms of pooled reference material to which it is not essentially similar may diminish rather than enhance the validity of the assay.

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