scholarly journals Early growth trajectories affect sexual responsiveness

2014 ◽  
Vol 281 (1777) ◽  
pp. 20132899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Who-Seung Lee ◽  
Neil B. Metcalfe ◽  
Denis Réale ◽  
Pedro R. Peres-Neto
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Life History ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Growth Trajectories ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Time Stress ◽  
Sexual Responsiveness

The trajectory of an animal's growth in early development has been shown to have long-term effects on a range of life-history traits. Although it is known that individual differences in behaviour may also be related to certain life-history traits, the linkage between early growth or development and individual variation in behaviour has received little attention. We used brief temperature manipulations, independent of food availability, to stimulate compensatory growth in juvenile three-spined sticklebacks Gasterosteus aculeatus . Here, we examine how these manipulated growth trajectories affected the sexual responsiveness of the male fish at the time of sexual maturation, explore associations between reproductive behaviour and investment and lifespan and test whether the perceived time stress (until the onset of the breeding season) influenced such trade-offs. We found a negative impact of growth rate on sexual responsiveness: fish induced (by temperature manipulation) to grow slowest prior to the breeding season were consistently quickest to respond to the presence of a gravid female. This speed of sexual responsiveness was also positively correlated with the rate of development of sexual ornaments and time taken to build a nest. However, after controlling for effects of growth rate, those males that had the greatest sexual responsiveness to females had the shortest lifespan. Moreover, the time available to compensate in size before the onset of the breeding season (time stress) affected the magnitude of these effects. Our results demonstrate that developmental perturbations in early life can influence mating behaviour, with long-term effects on longevity.

scholarly journals Can aphids learn to cope with the pressure of endophytic fungi in their food plants?

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 333-336
Author(s):  
S.A. Härri ◽  
J. Krauss ◽  
C.B. Müller
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Test Environment ◽  
Life History Parameters ◽  
Strain Adaptation ◽  
The Difference

Plant-endophyte associations can have major impacts on the dynamics of consumer interaction-webs but long-term effects of mycotoxins and the ability of herbivores to adapt to these toxins have not been studied. To understand the potential of aphids to cope with mycotoxins, we compared the life-history parameters for aphids conditioned for several generations on endophyte-infected plants with those of endophyte-naïve aphids on both endophyteinfected and endophyte-free grasses. Aphids conditioned on endophyte-infected plants produced more offspring during the first days of adulthood than endophyte-naïve aphids independent of the endophyte infection of the test environment. However, the endophyte-conditioned aphids tended to have a shorter lifespan, which resulted in similar numbers of total offspring produced for endophyte-conditioned and endophyte-naïve aphids. The difference in life-history parameters caused by the conditioning environment suggests that the effects of endophytes on herbivore life-history traits may represent an adaptive change that should be considered in future studies of endophyte-herbivore interactions. Keywords: Rhopalosiphum padi, Neotyphodium lolii, Lolium perenne, common strain, adaptation, long-term effects, microbes, endosymbionts, reproductive strategy, life-history traits

scholarly journals Pre-fledgling oxidative damage predicts recruitment in a long-lived bird

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Carlos Noguera ◽  
Sin-Yeon Kim ◽  
Alberto Velando
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Life History ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Life History Trait ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Nestling Period ◽  
Delayed Consequences

Empirical evidence has shown that stressful conditions experienced during development may exert long-term negative effects on life-history traits. Although it has been suggested that oxidative stress has long-term effects, little is known about delayed consequences of oxidative stress experienced early in life in fitness-related traits. Here, we tested whether oxidative stress during development has long-term effects on a life-history trait directly related to fitness in three colonies of European shags Phalacrocorax aristotelis . Our results revealed that recruitment probability decreased with oxidative damage during the nestling period; oxidative damage, in turn, was related to the level of antioxidant capacity. Our results suggest a link between oxidative stress during development and survival to adulthood, a key element of population dynamics.

Consequences of a short-term exposure to a sub lethal concentration of CdO nanoparticles on key life history traits in the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samar El Kholy ◽  
John P. Giesy ◽  
Yahya Al Naggar
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Cadmium Oxide ◽  
Fruit Flies ◽  
Lethal Concentration ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Exposure

AbstractNanoparticles of cadmium oxide (CdO NPs) are among the most common industrial metal oxide nanoparticles. Early adulthood (F0) fruit flies (D. melanogaster) were exposed for 7 days to a sub lethal concentration (0.03 mg CdO NPs/ml, which was 20% of the LC50), spiked into food media to test for long term-effects over time and beyond their direct exposure on key life history traits. Effects on survival, developmental time, eclosion rate, fecundity and negative geotaxis performance were assessed. Potential effects on ultrastructure of mid gut cells were also investigated by use of electron microscopy. All studied life history traits, as well as climbing behavior were adversely affected by exposure to CdO NPs. In non-exposed progeny (F1) of adult flies (F0), a blistered wing phenotype was also observed. Lysis of nuclear and rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER) membranes, mitochondrial swelling and lysis were among the most common cellular alterations observed in midgut cells of F0 flies exposed to CdO NPs. Genes encoding for metallothionein (MTn A-D) were significantly upregulated in both parent flies (F0) and their progeny (F1) after exposure of F0 flies to CdO NPs, compared to unexposed, control flies, a result which indicated potential, long-term effects. Taken together, these results suggest that short-term exposure to a sublethal concentration of CdO NPs is sufficient to cause long-lasting, harmful effects on fruit flies.Graphical Abstract

scholarly journals Asexual reproduction and growth rate: independent and plastic life history traits in Neurospora crassa

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 780-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Anderson ◽  
Bart P. S. Nieuwenhuis ◽  
Hanna Johannesson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Life History ◽  
Neurospora Crassa ◽  
Asexual Reproduction ◽  
Life History Traits

Calcium effects on life-history traits in a wild population of the great tit (Parus major): analysis of long-term data at several spatial scales

Oecologia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 159 (2) ◽  
pp. 463-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teddy Albert Wilkin ◽  
Andrew G. Gosler ◽  
Dany Garant ◽  
S. James Reynolds ◽  
Ben C. Sheldon
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Wild Population ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Parus Major ◽  
Great Tit ◽  
Calcium Effects ◽  
Term Data

scholarly journals Erratum to: Life-history traits of Amur sleeper, Perccottus glenii, in the invaded Vistula River: early investment in reproduction but reduced growth rate

Hydrobiologia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 683 (1) ◽  
pp. 311-311
Author(s):  
Joanna Grabowska ◽  
Dariusz Pietraszewski ◽  
Mirosław Przybylski ◽  
Ali Serhan Tarkan ◽  
Lidia Marszał ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Amur Sleeper ◽  
Perccottus Glenii ◽  
Vistula River ◽  
Investment In Reproduction

scholarly journals Corticosterone, testosterone and life-history strategies of birds

2010 ◽  
Vol 277 (1697) ◽  
pp. 3203-3212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela Hau ◽  
Robert E. Ricklefs ◽  
Martin Wikelski ◽  
Kelly A. Lee ◽  
Jeffrey D. Brawn
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Life History Strategies ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
Tropical Species ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Season Length

Steroid hormones have similar functions across vertebrates, but circulating concentrations can vary dramatically among species. We examined the hypothesis that variation in titres of corticosterone (Cort) and testosterone (T) is related to life-history traits of avian species. We predicted that Cort would reach higher levels under stress in species with higher annual adult survival rates since Cort is thought to promote physiological and behavioural responses that reduce risk to the individual. Conversely, we predicted that peak T during the breeding season would be higher in short-lived species with high mating effort as this hormone is known to promote male fecundity traits. We quantified circulating hormone concentrations and key life-history traits (annual adult survival rate, breeding season length, body mass) in males of free-living bird species during the breeding season at a temperate site (northern USA) and a tropical site (central Panama). We analysed our original data by themselves, and also combined with published data on passerine birds to enhance sample size. In both approaches, variation in baseline Cort (Cort0) among species was inversely related to breeding season length and body mass. Stress-induced corticosterone (MaxCort) also varied inversely with body mass and, as predicted, also varied positively with annual adult survival rates. Furthermore, species from drier and colder environments exhibited lower MaxCort than mesic and tropical species; T was lowest in species from tropical environments. These findings suggest that Cort0, MaxCort and T modulate key vertebrate life-history responses to the environment, with Cort0 supporting energetically demanding processes, MaxCort promoting survival and T being related to mating success.

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