scholarly journals On the relation of the air and evaporation temperatures to the temperature of the dew-point, as determined by Mr. Glaisher's hygrometrical tables founded on the factors deduced from the six-hourly observations made at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich

1851 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 953-953
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Practical Point ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Royal Observatory ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Annual Amount

After pointing out the importance of the hygrometer, both in a scientific and a practical point of view, the author goes into the question of the advantages and disadvantages attending the use of Daniell’s hygrometer, and the relative merits of this instrument and the dry and wet-bulb thermometers. Although satisfied of the accuracy of Mr. Glaisher’s Tables (founded on the Greenwich Observations), which show at once the relation of the temperature of evaporation to that of the dew-point, he was unwilling to abandon the use of Daniell’s apparatus for that of the wet and dry-bulb thermometers, slight as is the trouble of observing them, without personal experience of the correctness of the tables from which the dew-point was to be deduced. He therefore instituted a series of perfectly comparable observations by the two methods, and in this communication gives the results obtained from them during a period of twenty months. From a comparison of the dew-points determined by the two methods, he concludes that the results show in a striking manner the extreme accuracy of Mr. Glaisher’s Tables, and afford additional testimony to the value of the Greenwich Hygrometrical Observations, and the resulting formula on which those tables are founded. The author then refers to the subject of evaporation, and gives the results of his own observations at Whitehaven during six years, viz. from 1843 to 1848 inclusive. From these he states that the mean annual amount of evaporation is 30·011 inches; and the mean quantity of rain for the same period being 45·255 inches, the depth of the water precipitated exceeds that taken up by evaporation, on the coast in latitude 54½°, by 15·244 inches.

scholarly journals VI. On the relation of the air and evaporation temperatures to the temperature of the dew-point, as determined by Mr. Glaisher’s hygrometrical tables, founded on the factors deduced from the six-hourly observations made at the royal observatory, Greenwich

1851 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 141-148 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Slight Effect ◽  
Practical Point ◽  
Additional Weight ◽  
Abnormal State ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Royal Observatory ◽  
Complete Saturation

Of all the instruments observed and recorded by the meteorologist, the hygrometer is in many respects the most valuable, both in a scientific and practical point of view; for, by a simple knowledge of the point at which the atmosphere can contain no more vapour without precipitation at its existing temperature, and which is called the point of saturation or temperature of the dew-point, many other highly important collateral conditions, such as the elastic force of vapour, the weight of vapour in a cubic foot of air, and the additional weight required for complete saturation at all temperatures of the air, the relative degree of humidity, and the weight of a cubic foot of air under the ever-varying circumstances of heat, moisture and pressure, may readily be obtained, either by well-known formulæ, or by inspection from tables prepared for the purpose. But the hygrometer is also of no small value in the arts and in the practical concerns of life: as a prognosticator of the weather it stands second to no other instrument except the barometer, which it often rivals in the faithfulness of its movements; whilst the condition of the air as to moisture or dryness is acknowledged by all physicians to have no slight effect on the human body, both in its normal and abnormal state; but more especially are its influences visible on the frame of the invalid, either in aiding to restore healthy functions, or in promoting the exacerbation of disease. It is therefore of no small moment that scientific observers, at least, should possess an instrument by which that important element, the dew-point, can be accurately and expeditiously obtained.

The Effect of Waking Suggestion on Post-Hypnotic Amnesia

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.P. Fourie
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hypnotic Susceptibility ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Female Subjects

It is increasingly realized that hypnosis may be seen from an interpersonal point of view, meaning that it forms part of the relationship between the hypnotist and the subject. From this premise it follows that what goes on in the relationship prior to hypnosis probably has an influence on the hypnosis. Certain of these prior occurences can then be seen as waking suggestionns (however implicitly given) that the subject should behave in a certain way with regard to the subsequent hypnosis. A study was conducted to test the hypothesis that waking suggestions regarding post-hypnotic amnesia are effective. Eighteen female subjects were randomly divided into two groups. The groups listened to a tape-recorded talk on hypnosis in which for the one group amnesia for the subsequent hypnotic experience and for the other group no such amnesia was suggested. Thereafter the Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale was administered to all subjects. Only the interrogation part of the amnesia item of the scale was administered. The subjects to whom post-hypnotic amnesia was suggested tended to score lower on the amnesia item than the other subjects, as was expected, but the difference between the mean amnesia scores of the two groups was not significant.

scholarly journals Evaluating Microarray-based Classifiers: An Overview

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. CIN.S408 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.-L. Boulesteix ◽  
C. Strobl ◽  
T. Augustin ◽  
M. Daumer
Keyword(s):  
Variable Selection ◽  
Error Rate ◽  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Class Prediction ◽  
Practical Point ◽  
Classifier Evaluation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Accuracy Measures ◽  
Validation Strategy

For the last eight years, microarray-based class prediction has been the subject of numerous publications in medicine, bioinformatics and statistics journals. However, in many articles, the assessment of classification accuracy is carried out using suboptimal procedures and is not paid much attention. In this paper, we carefully review various statistical aspects of classifier evaluation and validation from a practical point of view. The main topics addressed are accuracy measures, error rate estimation procedures, variable selection, choice of classifiers and validation strategy.

scholarly journals Spectral statistics of permutation matrices

2014 ◽  
Vol 372 (2007) ◽  
pp. 20120508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Idan Oren ◽  
Uzy Smilansky
Keyword(s):  
Number Theory ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Spectral Form ◽  
Permutation Matrices ◽  
Divisor Functions ◽  
Point Correlation ◽  
Point Correlation Function ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Spectral Statistics ◽  
The Mean

We compute the mean two-point spectral form factor and the spectral number variance for permutation matrices of large order. The two-point correlation function is expressed in terms of generalized divisor functions, which are frequently discussed in number theory. Using classical results from number theory and casting them in a convenient form, we derive expressions which include the leading and next to leading terms in the asymptotic expansion, thus providing a new point of view on the subject, and improving some known results.

Comparison of quality-control rules used in clinical chemistry laboratories

1993 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 1638-1649 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Bishop ◽  
A B Nix
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Random Error ◽  
Control Charts ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Practical Point ◽  
Control Rules ◽  
Control Schemes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fundamental Formula

Abstract Numerous papers have been written to show which combinations of Shewhart-type quality-control charts are optimal for detecting systematic shifts in the mean response of a process, increases in the random error of a process, and linear drift effects in the mean response across the assay batch. One paper by Westgard et al. (Clin Chem 1977;23:1857-67) especially seems to have attracted the attention of users. Here we derive detailed results that enable the characteristics of the various Shewhart-type control schemes, including the multirule scheme (Clin Chem 1981;27:493-501), to be calculated and show that a fundamental formula proposed by Westgard et al. in the earlier paper is in error, although their derived results are not seriously wrong. We also show that, from a practical point of view, a suitably chosen Cusum scheme is near optimal for all the types and combinations of errors discussed, thereby removing the selection problem for the user.

Microstructure of highly dense Ba2YCu3O7-δ superconductive materials

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 188-189
Author(s):  
K. Park ◽  
T. Yamamoto ◽  
M. Green ◽  
T. Hasegawa ◽  
K. Kishio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Superconducting Transition Temperature ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Boiling Temperature ◽  
Superconducting Transition ◽  
Practical Point ◽  
The Subject

Since the breakthrough discoveries by Bednorz and Muller and Wu et al., superconductivity in Cu-O based ceramic materials has been the subject of tremendous research and development interest. In particular, the Ba2YCu3O7-δ type oxide is very important from a practical point of view, since it has a superconducting transition temperature (Tc) around 90K, which is above the liq. N2 boiling temperature.

RECONCILIATION ON THE DECISION ON ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (XXI) ◽  
pp. 85-96
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Dobrowolski
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Practical Point ◽  
Administrative Procedure ◽  
Environmental Impact Assessments ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Detailed Interpretation

The subject of this article is the analysis and detailed interpretation of the provisions of the Act of 3 October 2008 on the provision of information about the environment and its protection, public participation in environmental protection and environmental impact assessments (Journal of Laws of 2020, item 283) concerning reconcilation decisions on environmental conditions. The issues discussed in the article are important both from the theoretical and practical point of view. It refers to the continuous development of a specific administrative procedure, which is the “procedure in environmental matters”. The practice of applying the above-mentioned provisions is also important. Environmental impact assessments play a key role in the investment proces.

scholarly journals XXXVIII. Experimental researches on the strength of pillars of cast iron from various parts of the Kingdom

1857 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 851-899
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Practical Point ◽  
Large Size ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Experimental Researches

Having in the year 1840 offered to the Royal Society an extensive research upon this subject, which was honoured with the kindest notice of the Society, I felt grateful for the reception it had met with; and though in its preparation it had occupied my leisure time for some years, and contained the results of as many as 277 experiments, which I had made to prove the conclusions arrived at in it, I was still very anxious to improve and extend it. Indeed the importance of the subject would seem to justify every effort I could make for the purpose, when it is considered that a large portion of the houses, warehouses and shops in London, Manchester, Liverpool and throughout the country, depend for their principal supports upon iron pillars, which frequently appear very thin for the weight they have to bear, and being hollow do not allow us to judge from their appearance how small a quantity of metal they have in them, or in other words, whether the building is abundantly strong, or is ready to fall down and crush the persons within it, as has frequently happened to warehouses and other buildings dependent on iron supports. Some of the pillars are made to pass through more than one story, or even are based on the foundation, and support an intermediate floor and the roof. The importance of the subject, in a practical point of view at least, rendered it desirable that a number of pillars of large size should be broken, to obtain data for the application of the principles established in the preceding research; but this was impracticable at that time, notwithstanding the liberality of Mr. Fairbairn, who bore the expense of that inquiry. For by Mr. Fairbairn’s lever then used, more than 18 tons could not be safely applied, and the iron box or frame in which the pillars were broken did not admit pillars of greater length than 7½ feet; but the laborious inquiry in which I was afterwards engaged by Mr. Stephenson, for investigating the properties of the Menai and Conway tubular bridges (that over the Conway in particular), required larger and more powerful apparatus than the preceding, and I can now apply more than three times the pressure formerly used, and break pillars of 10 feet long, and any shorter lengths, with even more accuracy than before.

Does a Large New Business benefit the Policyholders of a Life Company?

1874 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 335-343
Author(s):  
James R. Macfadyen
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Practical Point ◽  
New Business ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Subject

The question with which I have headed this paper is one that may seem startling enough. It has been so widely taken for granted that a large new business must be an unmixed good to all concerned in a life company, that to debate whether it be so or no, will seem in the eyes of many to be a very idle thing. And yet, though I have been considering the subject for a long time, I cannot answer the question unhesitatingly in the affirmative. In saying this, it ought to be pointed out, that the matter is regarded from a purely practical point of view. The problem is not ought a large new business to benefit policyholders? but, as a matter of fact, does it? Even if the question were answered in the negative, it would not follow that no new business, or an insufficient quantity of it, would better suit the interests of the policyholders. Waste must be supplied, and a certain degree of magnitude maintained in life companies.

I—The Dynamics of Space Flight

1950 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-364
Author(s):  
A. C. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Space Flight ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
Space Travel ◽  
Practical Point ◽  
Engineering Problems ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Interplanetary Navigation

It might reasonably be considered that any discussion of interplanetary navigation at the present moment is slightly premature. So of course it is, from the practical point of view, since no well-informed person seriously imagines that space-travel will be possible for at least twenty or thirty years, despite the colossal efforts which are now being devoted (unfortunately for quite other purposes) to the solution of its engineering problems. Nevertheless the subject is one of peculiar fascination—which is a completely sufficient excuse for discussing it—and the navigation of guided missiles into astronomical space, which will precede the manned exploration of the planets, has of course already begun and will continue on an ever-increasing scale during the next decades.

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