scholarly journals On a new method of determining the vapour pressures of solutions

1898 ◽  
Vol 62 (379-387) ◽  
pp. 376-385 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Method ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
New Method ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Full Account ◽  
Boiling Points ◽  
Previous Occasion

On a previous occasion I gave some boiling points of salt solutions under atmospheric pressure. As the dimensions of that abstract made a full account of the experimental method impossible, I have been given this opportunity, by the courtesy of the Council of the Royal Society, of describing the apparatus and procedure by which those results were obtained.

Howard Florey - penicillin and after

1990 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-137 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Full Account ◽  
Great Scientist ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
National University ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Oxford University Press

Trevor I. Williams, Howard Florey - penicillin and after . Oxford University Press, 1984. Pp. xiii + 404. £22.50. ISBN 0-19-858173-4. Soon after Florey’s death in 1978 there appeared an admirable biography by Gwyn Macfarlane ( Howard Florey - the making of a great scientist , Oxford, 1979). It gives a full account of Florey’s early life in Australia and England including the discovery and exploitation of penicillin, with shorter accounts of his later activities in relation to the creation of the Australian National University, his period as President of the Royal Society and his last post as Provost of Queen’s College, Oxford.

scholarly journals The influence of pressure on the boiling points of metals

1910 ◽  
Vol 83 (565) ◽  
pp. 483-491 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Boiling Point ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Similar Type ◽  
Exact Relation ◽  
Reduced Pressure ◽  
Boiling Points ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
Low Pressures ◽  
Very High

Part I. — Pressures below 760 mm . In a previous communication (‘Proc.’, A, vol. 82, 1909, p. 396) the approximate boiling points of a number of metals were determined at atmospheric pressure. Apart from the question of finding the exact relation between the boiling point and pressure, it is an important criterion of any method for fixing the temperatures of ebullition to demonstrate that the experimental values obtained are dependent on the pressure. It is specially desirable when dealing with substances boiling at temperatures above 2000° to have some evidence that the points indicated are true boiling points. Previous work on the vaporisation of metals at different pressures has been confined to experiments in a very high vacuum except for metals like bismuth, cadmium, and zinc, which boil at relatively low temperatures under atmospheric pressure. The observations were limited to very low pressures on account of the difficulty of obtaining any material capable of withstanding a vacuum at temperatures over 1400° and the consequent necessity for keeping the boiling point below this limit by using very low pressures. Moreover in the case of the majority of the metals, e. g. , copper, tin, ebullition under reduced pressure has never been observed. The difficulties indicated above were avoided by using a similar type of apparatus to that previously described, and arranging the whole furnace inside a vacuum enclosure, thus permitting of the use of graphite crucibles to contain the metal.

A New Method to Measure Prandtl Number and Thermal Conductivity of Fluids

1957 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
E. R. G. Eckert ◽  
T. F. Irvine
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Prandtl Number ◽  
High Velocity ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
New Method ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Test Setup ◽  
Velocity Boundary Layer ◽  
Layer Flow

Abstract A new method is described by which the Prandtl number and indirectly the thermal conductivity of fluids can be measured. The method is based on the fact that a well-established, unique relation exists between the Prandtl number and the recovery factor for laminar high-velocity boundary-layer flow. The test setup is described which has been devised for such measurements, and test results are presented for air at atmospheric pressure and temperatures between 60 and 350 F.

Cotton Mather Anguishes Over the Consequences of His Son's Inoculation Against Smallpox

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 756-756
Author(s):  
T. E. C.
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
New Method ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Inoculation Technique ◽  
Cotton Mather ◽  
The People ◽  
Small Pox ◽  
Contemporary Science ◽  
Historical Writings ◽  
The Town

Cotton Mather (1663-1728), usually remembered for his theological and historical writings, was also much concerned with medicine. He was interested in many aspects of contemporary science and became one of the few colonial members of the Royal Society of London. In 1721, when a smallpox epidemic hit Boston, Mather urged Boston physicians, particularly Zabdiel Boylston, to employ the inoculation technique used by the Turks as a means of preventing fatal cases of the disease. In his Diary, Mather records the anguish he suffered for having taken this stand. [May] 26 [1721]. The grievous Calamity of the Small-Pox has now entered the Town. The Practice of conveying and suffering the Small-pox by Inoculation, has never been used in America, nor indeed in our Nation, But how many Lives might be saved by it, if it were practised? . . . [June] 13. What shall I do? what shall I do, with regard unto Sammy? He comes home, when the Small-pox begins to spread in the Neighbourhood; and he is lothe to return unto Cambridge. I must earnestly look up to Heaven for Direction. . . . [July] 16. At this Time, I enjoy an unspeakable Consolation. I have instructed our Physicians in the new Method used by the Africans and Asiaticks, to prevent and abate the Dangers of the Small-Pox, and infallibly to save the Lives of those that have it wisely managed upon them. The Destroyer, being enraged at the Proposal of any Thing, that may rescue the Lives of our poor People from him, has taken a strange Possession of the People on this Occasion.

scholarly journals Godfrey Harold Hardy, 1877–1947

1948 ◽  
Vol 32 (299) ◽  
pp. 49-51
Author(s):  
T. A. A. B. ◽  
M. H. A. Newman ◽  
A. V. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
London Mathematical Society ◽  
Mathematical Society ◽  
Full Account ◽  
The Past ◽  
Inaugural Lecture ◽  
Mathematical World

The death of the greatest English mathematician of our time is no mere national loss, for Hardy was recognised throughout the mathematical world as a master of our science. Of his studies, Hardy himself said, in his Inaugural Lecture at Oxford: “What we do may be small, but it has a certain character of permanence”. Few of us would dare to call Hardy’s contribution to mathematics small, while none of us can have any doubt about the lasting nature of his work. For a full account of the new pathways he opened up, the new territories he explored, reference must be made to the notices being prepared for the Royal Society and the London Mathematical Society. In the Gazette, it is fitting that we should record with special emphasis the debt which teachers of mathematics in this country owe to Hardy for the vast improvements in the teaching of analysis during the past forty years, from vagueness to precision, from obscurity to clarity, along lines mapped out and laid down for us by him.

A New Method for Wettability Alteration by Use of Cold Atmospheric Pressure Argon/Oxygen Plasma Torch

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad A. Heidari ◽  
Ali Habibi ◽  
Shahab Ayatollahi ◽  
Farshad Sohbatzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Plasma Torch ◽  
Oxygen Plasma ◽  
New Method ◽  
Wettability Alteration

7. Researches on Micro-Organisms, including ideas of a new Method for their Destruction in certain cases of Contagious Diseases. Part II

1889 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 33-63
Author(s):  
A. B. Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Title I ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
New Method ◽  
Contagious Diseases ◽  
Pathogenic Organisms ◽  
Micro Organisms

In the Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, vol. xiv. [No. 123], pp. 97–106, there is a paper of mine under the above title. I wish in the present memoir to communicate to your distinguished Society further details relative to these investigations. The principle of these researches is to find some germicidal agent capable of destroying the microbes of disease, which have been proved to reside in the blood, and are the causes (directly or indirectly) of certain contagious diseases. At the same time, an aqueous solution of such an agent, while destroying the microbes of disease, must have very little or no detrimental action upon the blood. Having found such a substance, the rationale is to inject (hypodermically) a solution of the microbe-destroyer directly into the blood. By so doing, the destruction of the pathogenic organisms in situ would be the result.

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