scholarly journals Physical layer security in light-fidelity systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 378 (2169) ◽  
pp. 20190193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenyu Zhang ◽  
Anas Chaaban ◽  
Lutz Lampe
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Physical Layer Security ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Physical Layer ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Rf Communication ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Future Research Directions

Light-fidelity (LiFi) is a light-based wireless communication technology which can complement radio-frequency (RF) communication technologies for indoor applications. Although LiFi signals are spatially more contained than RF signals, the broadcasting nature of LiFi also makes it susceptible to eavesdropping. Therefore, it is important to secure the transmitted data against potential eavesdroppers. In this paper, an overview of the recent developments pertaining to LiFi physical layer security (PLS) is provided, and the main differences between LiFi PLS and RF PLS are explained. LiFi achievable secrecy rates and upper bounds are then investigated under practical channel models and transmission schemes. Beamforming and jamming, which received significant research attention recently as a means to achieve PLS in LiFi, are also investigated under indoor illumination constraints. Finally, future research directions of interest in LiFi PLS are identified and discussed. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Optical wireless communication’.

Online Word-of-Mouth Reviews

2014 ◽  
pp. 1689-1697
Author(s):  
Jing Huo ◽  
Qinglong Gou ◽  
Qi Dai ◽  
Zhimin Huang
Keyword(s):  
Word Of Mouth ◽  
Social Network Sites ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Purchase Decision ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Online Word Of Mouth ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences

Online word-of-mouth (WOM) has received significant research attention as the Internet has rapidly developed. Owing to specific Internet platforms such as consumer reviews sites and social network sites, online WOM spreads much more quickly and widely than traditional WOM, and that phenomenon ultimately makes online WOM play a key role in a consumer's purchase decision. In this chapter we present an overview of previous research on online WOM to facilitate future research in this area. In this review, previous researches are divided into three streams, i.e., (1) the effectiveness of online WOM, (2) the valence of online WOM, and (3) the antecedents and consequences of online WOM. Also, two possible future research directions are suggested at the end the chapter.

scholarly journals Physical-Layer Security Improvement with Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for 6G Wireless Communication Systems

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1439
Author(s):  
Janghyuk Youn ◽  
Woong Son ◽  
Bang Chul Jung
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Physical Layer Security ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Physical Layer ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Wireless Communication Systems ◽  
Secrecy Rate ◽  
Pilot Signal ◽  
Time Division

Recently, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have received much interest from both academia and industry due to their flexibility and cost-effectiveness in adjusting the phase and amplitude of wireless signals with low-cost passive reflecting elements. In particular, many RIS-aided techniques have been proposed to improve both data rate and energy efficiency for 6G wireless communication systems. In this paper, we propose a novel RIS-based channel randomization (RCR) technique for improving physical-layer security (PLS) for a time-division duplex (TDD) downlink cellular wire-tap network which consists of a single base station (BS) with multiple antennas, multiple legitimate pieces of user equipment (UE), multiple eavesdroppers (EVEs), and multiple RISs. We assume that only a line-of-sight (LOS) channel exists among the BS, the RISs, and the UE due to propagation characteristics of tera-hertz (THz) spectrum bands that may be used in 6G wireless communication systems. In the proposed technique, each RIS first pseudo-randomly generates multiple reflection matrices and utilizes them for both pilot signal duration (PSD) in uplink and data transmission duration (DTD) in downlink. Then, the BS estimates wireless channels of UE with reflection matrices of all RISs and selects the UE that has the best secrecy rate for each reflection matrix generated. It is shown herein that the proposed technique outperforms the conventional techniques in terms of achievable secrecy rates.

The Entrepreneurship Educator: Understanding Role Identity

2020 ◽  
pp. 251512742097966
Author(s):  
Birgitte Wraae ◽  
Candida Brush ◽  
Shahrokh Nikou
Keyword(s):  
Role Identity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Perceptions Of Students ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Role Identity Theory ◽  
Depth Interviews

Significant research explores effectiveness of entrepreneurial curriculum, teaching innovations and programs, but less often studied is the role of entrepreneurship educators. The way that the educator sees his or her role relative to the students is of critical importance because this directly influences pedagogy choices, expectations for students and learning outcomes, as well as job satisfaction. While recent studies propose typologies characterizing pedagogical approaches of educators, few of these are based on the data from entrepreneurship educators. Framed within role identity theory, we conducted 13 in–depth interviews to examine how entrepreneurship educators perceive their role. Using the qualitative data analysis tool (NVivo), we analyzed how the relationship between their perceptions of their role and core value orientation is connected to teaching approaches. Results show that these educators view their roles as teacher-focused, network-focused, or student-focused and that these perspectives are associated with different perceptions of students’ role and learning objectives. Further, we find different levels of emphasis on roles and that personal core values are differentially linked to these roles. Implications and future research directions are discussed.

Frontiers in Service Science: Fintech Operations—An Overview of Recent Developments and Future Research Directions

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-35
Author(s):  
Baile Lu ◽  
Shuai Hao ◽  
Michael Pinedo ◽  
Yuqian Xu
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Algorithmic Trading ◽  
Payment Systems ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Operational Risks ◽  
Technology Industry ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Conclusion Section ◽  
Financial Technology

In this paper, we provide a survey of recent developments in the fintech (financial technology) industry, focusing on the operational structures, the technologies involved, and the operational risks associated with the new systems. In particular, we discuss payment systems, algorithmic trading, robo-advisory, crowdfunding, and peer-to-peer lending. In the conclusion section, we discuss various promising research directions.

Nonlinear Vibrations of Plates: An Update of Recent Research Developments

1996 ◽  
Vol 49 (10S) ◽  
pp. S55-S62 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sathyamoorthy
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Vibrations ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
Composite Plates ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Inertia Effects ◽  
Vibration Behavior ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Complicating Factors ◽  
Future Research Directions

This paper comprises a survey on the nonlinear vibration analysis of plates, with emphasis on research carried out since 1987. Most of the research reviewed here deals with the effects of geometric nonlinearity on the vibration behavior of plates. Complicating factors such as material nonlinearity, geometric imperfections, transverse shear and rotatory inertia effects, and magnetic fields on the vibration behavior are included. Recent developments in the analytical and numerical methods of solution of isotropic, orthotropic as well as laminated, composite plates are presented. Experimental, analytical, and numerical investigations are included for all the cases reviewed and some general remarks are presented along with suggestions for future research directions.

scholarly journals A Review of Sensing and Communication, Human Factors, and Controller Aspects for Information-Aware Connected and Automated Vehicles

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mizanur Rahman ◽  
Ankur Sarker ◽  
Haiying Shen ◽  
Mashrur Chowdhury ◽  
Kakan Dey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Controller Design ◽  
Route Planning ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Automated Vehicles ◽  
Driving Mode ◽  
Roadway Safety ◽  
Driving Model ◽  
Future Research Directions

Information-aware connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) have drawn great attention in recent years due to their potentially significant positive impacts on roadway safety and operational efficiency. In this paper, we conduct an in-depth review of three basic and key interrelated aspects of a CAV: sensing and communication technologies; human factors; and information-aware controller design. First, the different vehicular sensing and communication technologies and their protocol stacks, to provide reliable information to the information-aware CAV controller, are thoroughly discussed. Diverse human factors, such as user comfort, preferences, and reliability, to design the CAV systems for mass adaptation are also discussed. Then, the different layers of a CAV controller (route planning, driving mode execution, and driving model selection) considering human factors and information through connectivity are reviewed. In addition, the critical challenges for the sensing and communication technologies, human factors, and information-aware controller are identified to support the design of a safe and efficient CAV system while considering user acceptance and comfort. Finally, the promising future research directions of these three aspects are discussed to overcome existing challenges to realize a safe and operationally efficient CAV.

ICT

2014 ◽  
pp. 22-34
Author(s):  
Julián Briz ◽  
José María Duran ◽  
Isabel Felipe ◽  
Teresa Briz
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
The University

Agriculture is facing new challenges in rural and urban areas, and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) may play a significant role. In this chapter, there is a background description of the ICT sector in the interface of urban and rural communities within the framework of agriculture. It describes some case analyses focused in agronomy and social sciences. In agronomy, the focuses are environment, food production, and pollution. In socioeconomics, there is a brief identification of ICT applications such as the collaboration between the university and firms. Considering the heterogeneousness of the analysis, the future research directions include different methods of studies for ICT programs (house of quality, structural organization, and others).

Throughput Dependence on SNR in IEEE802.11 WLAN Systems

2019 ◽  
pp. 1307-1323
Author(s):  
Ikponmwosa Oghogho
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Physical Layer ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Layer ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Data Rates ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Future Research Directions

This chapter seeks to present the dependence of throughput on signal to noise ratio (SNR) in IEEE802.11 WLAN systems. High throughput and low delays are presented as the requirements for indicating good performance of WLAN systems. The multiple communication data rates specified by the physical layer of IEEE802.11 WLANs which vary depending on the SNR observed is shown to appreciably influence the throughput experienced by the users. Cross-layer modelling principles which simplifies the process of estimating the dependence of throughput on SNR is presented. Recent research findings which apply cross-layer modelling principles to model the dependence of throughput on SNR only is presented along with future research directions.

A Cross-Cultural Review of Workplace Deviance Research

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-46
Author(s):  
Selcen Kılıçaslan Gökoğlu ◽  
Engin Bağış Öztürk
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Workplace Deviance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Moderator Variable ◽  
Negative Behaviors ◽  
Deviant Behaviors ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Future Research Directions

In the last two decades, workplace deviance becomes one of the most important topics to understand negative behaviors at work. However, many of the studies that examine deviance take a universal perspective and undermine cross-cultural differences. To address this gap, this chapter focuses on cross-cultural differences and its relationship with deviant workplace behaviors. The authors claim that cross-cultural differences can play an important role as an antecedent and/or moderator variable in influencing deviant behaviors. In order to discuss these effects, they first summarize recent developments in individualism-collectivism, tightness-looseness, and honor cultures. Based on their interpretations, target-oriented deviance might be highly contextualized in collectivist cultures, form of deviance and contents of deviance could be different from honor to dignity cultures. In addition, deviant behaviors as responses to specific events might differ whether a person belongs in a tight culture or not. The implications of our arguments and future research directions are discussed.

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