scholarly journals Excess body weight and age associated with the carriage of fluoroquinolone and third-generation cephalosporin resistance genes in commensal Escherichia coli from a cohort of urban Vietnamese children

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 1457-1466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Thi Quynh Nhi ◽  
Ha Thanh Tuyen ◽  
Pham Duc Trung ◽  
Tran Do Hoang Nhu ◽  
Pham Thanh Duy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Generation Cephalosporin ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Cephalosporin Resistance

scholarly journals Role of Ceftiofur in Selection and Dissemination of blaCMY-2-Mediated Cephalosporin Resistance in Salmonella enterica and Commensal Escherichia coli Isolates from Cattle

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 3648-3655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua B. Daniels ◽  
Douglas R. Call ◽  
Dale Hancock ◽  
William M. Sischo ◽  
Katherine Baker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
The United States ◽  
Generation Cephalosporin ◽  
Plasmid Transfer ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
E Coli ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cephalosporin Resistance

ABSTRACT Third-generation cephalosporin resistance of Salmonella and commensal Escherichia coli isolates from cattle in the United States is predominantly conferred by the cephamycinase CMY-2, which inactivates β-lactam antimicrobial drugs used to treat a wide variety of infections, including pediatric salmonellosis. The emergence and dissemination of bla CMY-2 --bearing plasmids followed and may in part be the result of selection pressure imposed by the widespread utilization of ceftiofur, a third-generation veterinary cephalosporin. This study assessed the potential effects of ceftiofur on bla CMY-2 transfer and dissemination by (i) an in vivo experimental study in which calves were inoculated with competent bla CMY-2-bearing plasmid donors and susceptible recipients and then subjected to ceftiofur selection and (ii) an observational study to determine whether ceftiofur use in dairy herds is associated with the occurrence and frequency of cephalosporin resistance in Salmonella and commensal E. coli. The first study revealed bla CMY-2 plasmid transfer in both ceftiofur-treated and untreated calves but detected no enhancement of plasmid transfer associated with ceftiofur treatment. The second study detected no association (P = 0.22) between ceftiofur use and either the occurrence of ceftiofur-resistant salmonellosis or the frequency of cephalosporin resistance in commensal E. coli. However, herds with a history of salmonellosis (including both ceftiofur-resistant and ceftiofur-susceptible Salmonella isolates) used more ceftiofur than herds with no history of salmonellosis (P = 0.03) These findings fail to support a major role for ceftiofur use in the maintenance and dissemination of bla CMY-2-bearing plasmid mediated cephalosporin resistance in commensal E. coli and in pathogenic Salmonella in these dairy cattle populations.

scholarly journals Fluoroquinolone and Third-Generation-Cephalosporin Resistance among Hospitalized Patients with Urinary Tract Infections Due to Escherichia coli: Do Rates Vary by Hospital Characteristics and Geographic Region?

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 3170-3173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique R. Bidell ◽  
Melissa Palchak ◽  
John Mohr ◽  
Thomas P. Lodise
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Generation Cephalosporin ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cephalosporin Resistance ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Hospital Characteristics

ABSTRACTThis analysis of nearly 10,000 hospital-associated urinary tract infection (UTI) episodes due toEscherichia colishowed that fluoroquinolone and third-generation-cephalosporin resistance rates were 34.5% and 8.6%, respectively; the rate of concurrent resistance to both agents was 7.3%. Fluoroquinolone resistance rates exceeded 25% regardless of geographic location or hospital characteristics. The findings suggest that fluoroquinolones should be reserved and third-generation cephalosporins be used with caution as empirical agents for hospitalized patients with UTIs due toE. coli.

scholarly journals Increasing incidence and antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli bloodstream infections: a multinational population-based cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa C. MacKinnon ◽  
Scott A. McEwen ◽  
David L. Pearl ◽  
Outi Lyytikäinen ◽  
Gunnar Jacobsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Generation Cephalosporin ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Cephalosporin Resistance

Abstract Background Escherichia coli is an important pathogen in humans and is the most common cause of bacterial bloodstream infections (BSIs). The objectives of our study were to determine factors associated with E. coli BSI incidence rate and third-generation cephalosporin resistance in a multinational population-based cohort. Methods We included all incident E. coli BSIs (2014–2018) from national (Finland) and regional (Australia [Canberra], Sweden [Skaraborg], and Canada [Calgary, Sherbrooke, and western interior]) surveillance. Incidence rates were directly age and sex standardized to the European Union 28-country 2018 population. Multivariable negative binomial and logistic regression models estimated factors significantly associated with E. coli BSI incidence rate and third-generation cephalosporin resistance, respectively. The explanatory variables considered for inclusion in both models were year (2014–2018), region (six areas), age (< 70-years-old and ≥ 70-years-old), and sex (female and male). Results We identified 31,889 E. coli BSIs from 40.7 million person-years of surveillance. Overall and third-generation cephalosporin-resistant standardized rates were 87.1 and 6.6 cases/100,000 person-years, respectively, and increased 14.0% and 40.1% over the five-year study. Overall, 7.8% (2483/31889) of E. coli BSIs were third-generation cephalosporin-resistant. Calgary, Canberra, Sherbrooke, and western interior had significantly lower E. coli BSI rates compared to Finland. The significant association between age and E. coli BSI rate varied with sex. Calgary, Canberra, and western interior had significantly greater odds of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant E. coli BSIs compared to Finland. Compared to 2014, the odds of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant E. coli BSIs were significantly increased in 2016, 2017, and 2018. The significant association between age and the odds of having a third-generation cephalosporin-resistant E. coli BSI varied with sex. Conclusions Increases in overall and third-generation cephalosporin-resistant standardized E. coli BSI rates were clinically important. Overall, E. coli BSI incidence rates were 40–104% greater than previous investigations from the same study areas. Region, sex, and age are important variables when analyzing E. coli BSI rates and third-generation cephalosporin resistance in E. coli BSIs. Considering E. coli is the most common cause of BSIs, this increasing burden and evolving third-generation cephalosporin resistance will have an important impact on human health, especially in aging populations.

First countrywide survey of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli from broilers, swine, and cattle in Switzerland

2012 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Endimiani ◽  
Alexandra Rossano ◽  
Daniel Kunz ◽  
Gudrun Overesch ◽  
Vincent Perreten
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Generation Cephalosporin ◽  
Third Generation
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