scholarly journals Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) cases at a screening clinic during the early outbreak period: a single-centre study

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 1114-1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Khan ◽  
Haris Khan ◽  
Shehriyar Khan ◽  
Maimoona Nawaz
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Single Centre ◽  
Travel History ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Screening Clinic

Introduction. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Corona Virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The disease was first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, the capital of China's Hubei province, and has since spread globally, resulting in the ongoing 2019–2020 corona virus pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 is closely related to the original SARS-CoV. It is thought to have a zoonotic origin. The virus is primarily spread between people during close contact, often via small droplets produced by coughing, sneezing or talking. People may also become infected by touching a contaminated surface and then touching their face. COVID-19 patients currently remain the primary source of infection. An epidemiological survey indicated that the general population is susceptible to SARS-CoV-2. The spectrum of this disease ranges from mild to life-threatening. Fever is the most common symptom, although older people and those with comorbidities may experience fever later in the disease. Other common symptoms include cough, loss of appetite, fatigue, shortness of breath, sputum production, and muscle and joint pains. Symptoms such as nausea, vomiting and diarrhea have been observed in varying percentages. Some cases might progress promptly to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and/or multiple organ function failure. Asymptomatic carriers and those in the incubation period may also be infectious. Aim. To determine the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients presenting with COVID-19 at the screening clinic of a tertiary care hospital in Peshawar, Pakistan. Methodology. In this descriptive study, we analysed data of patients presenting to a newly established Covid-19 screening clinic in Rehman Medical Institute. Anyone who reported with new onset fever and/or cough was tested for SARS-CoV-2 in the screening clinic. We documented and analysed demographic, epidemiological and clinical characteristics, which included age, sex, travel history, clinical features, comorbidities and laboratory data of patients confirmed by real-time reverse-transcription (RT)-PCR at Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar, Pakistan from 15 March till 21 April 2020. Paired specimens of throat swabs and nasal swabs were obtained from 845 patients, ribonucleic acid (RNA) was extracted and tested for SARS-CoV-2 by the RT-PCR assay. Results. A total of 845 specimens were taken as described above. The positive rate for SARS-CoV-2 was about 14.3%. Male and older population had a significantly higher positive rate. Of the 121 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, the mean age was 43.19 years (sd, 17.57) and the infections were more frequent among male gender accounting for 85 (70.25 %) patients. Common symptoms included fever (88 patients, 72 %), cough (72 patients, 59.5 %) and shortness of breath (69 patients, 57 %). Twenty-two (18 %) patients had recent travel history outside Pakistan in the previous 14 days, the majority of whom had returned back from Saudi Arabia. Conclusion. In this single-centre, prospective, descriptive study, fever, cough and shortness of breath were the most common symptoms. Old age (>50 years), chronic underlying comorbidities and travel history may be risk factors. Therefore, we concluded that viral nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT) played an important role in identifying SARS-CoV-2 infection in a screening clinic, which helped with isolation and cohorting of these patients.

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics of suspected COVID-19 admitted to the isolation ward of Patan Hospital, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashis Shrestha ◽  
Sumana Bajracharya
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Travel History ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
History Of ◽  
Recorded Data ◽  
Isolation Ward ◽  
Record Section

Introduction: Understanding clinical characteristics of patient is important to plan human resource and logistics. Moreover, this gives understanding of pattern of disease. This study aim to find the clinical characteristics observed in patients with suspected COVID-19 admitted at Patan Hospital. Method: This is cross sectional descriptive study conducted at Patan Hospital, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Nepal, on April 2020. Suspected COVID-19 patient admitted from January 25 to April 20, 2020 is taken for the study. Record files were retrieved from record section and patient’s age, gender, place of residence, travel history, duration of symptom onset, symptoms on admission like fever, cough, rhinorrnoea, sore throat, myalgia and shortness of breath was recorded. Signs on admission like temperature, pulse, blood pressure, respiratory rate and oxygen saturation were also recorded. Data were descriptive analyzed. Ethical approval was obtained. Result: Total 40 suspected COVID-19 patients got admitted from 25 January to 20 April 2020. Of these admissions 25 (62.5%) were male, median age was 30 years, median days of return from abroad was 9 days, average duration of stay at hospital was 3.8 days. There were two COVID-19 positive patients who were asymptomatic. Conclusion: Travel history and history of travel to the community inside the country where COVID-19 has been detected is important to suspect COVID-19.

scholarly journals Clinical, Demographic, and Epidemiological Characteristics of Patients Diagnosed with COVID-19 in Zahedan, Southeastern Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Behzad Shahi ◽  
Faeze Kazemi ◽  
Shahaboddin Mashaei ◽  
Mahdi Foroughian ◽  
Maryam Ziaei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vital Signs ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Blood Oxygen ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Abo Blood Groups ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Blood Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

: As the epidemic spreads, COVID-19 poses a severe threat to the health of communities. Description of epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 patients helps with the prevention and scientific control of the pandemic. This descriptive study was conducted to describe the clinical, demographic, and epidemiological characteristics of 65 patients suspected of having COVID-19. A research-made questionnaire was used for data collection. Moreover, the patient's vital signs were examined. The samples were classified into the two groups of subjects with positive and negative RT-PCR test. Descriptive statistics were used for the analysis of data. The most common manifestations were fever, shortness of breath, and dry cough. Moreover, the lowest proportion belonged to Rh-negative in all ABO blood groups. The patients were mainly male, about 44 years old, and their first and most common manifestations were fever, shortness of breath, and dry cough. In vital signs examination, reduction of blood oxygen saturation was the most important finding. Health centers need to consider these signs in treating COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals Laboratory Diagnosis of SARS Corona Virus-2 Infection: Single Centre Experience of First 12,000 Samples

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant Patil ◽  
Pratik Thosani ◽  
Santosh Karade ◽  
Kavita Bala Anand ◽  
SPS Shergill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Health ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Single Centre ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Viral Transport Medium ◽  
Patient Variables

Introduction: First spotted in Wuhan, China, World Health Organisation declared the deadly outbreak caused by novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) as global pandemic on March 11, 2020. With over 72 million cases globally till December 2020, countries need to gear up to detect, isolate and treat Corona Virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) cases. Laboratories play a crucial role in diagnosis thereby instituting early contact tracing and quarantine measures. The laboratory based COVID-19 diagnostic testing data may help in formulating strategies to contain the spread of infection. Aim: To describe key patient variables of the respiratory samples processed for SARS-CoV-2 by Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) at a diagnostic laboratory. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive, single centre study carried out at ICMR approved COVID-19 diagnostic laboratory, nasopharyngeal swabs received in Viral Transport Medium (VTM) were tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection by RT-PCR. Key patient variables, like age, gender, symptoms and sample positivity rate were tabulated. The demographic and clinical data of samples tested were summarised by medians and Interquartile Range (IQR) for continuous variables and by proportions for categorical variables. Results: A total of 12,187 samples were received between 21st March to 8th July 2020. The data from 11,196 individuals were complete and were included in the analysis. Overall, 2,053 samples were tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 indicating positivity rate of 18.33%. Sample positivity was highest (63.91%) among high-risk contacts of a laboratory confirmed case. The maximum number of samples tested belonged to age group of 21-40 years and male predominance was observed. Conclusion: Although social distancing, mask usage, hand hygiene and respiratory etiquettes are important measures for containment of COVID-19, strengthening and capacity building of laboratory network is crucial for mitigating the pandemic.

CLINICAL AND PARA-CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SICK NEWBORN BABIES TREATED AT PEDIATRIC DEPARTMENT OF HUE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL

2011 ◽  
pp. 112-117
Author(s):  
Thi Kieu Nhi Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Congenital Malformation ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Neonatal Unit ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Pediatric Department ◽  
Sick Newborn ◽  
Observational Descriptive Study

Objectives: 1. Describe neonatal classification of WHO. 2. Identify some principal clinical and paraclinical signs of term, preterm, post term babies. Patients and method: an observational descriptive study of 233 newborns hospitalized in neonatal unit at Hue university‘ s hospital was done during 12 months from 01/01/2009 to 31/12/2009 for describing neonatal classification and identifying principal clinical and paraclinical signs. Results: Premature (16.74%); Term babies (45.5%); Post term (37.76%); Premature: asphyxia (43.59%), hypothermia (25.64%), vomit (30.77%), jaundice (61.54%), congenital malformation (17.95%); CRP > 10mg/l (53.85%); anemia Hb < 15g/dl (12.82%). Term babies: poor feeding (21.7%); fever (24.53%); CRP > 10mg/l (53.77%); Hyperleucocytes/ Leucopenia (35.85%). Post term: respiratory distress (34%); lethargy (29.55%); vomit (26.14%); polycuthemia (1.14%); hypoglycemia (22.73%). Conclusion: each of neonatal type classified by WHO presente different clinical and paraclinical. Signs. The purpose of this research is to help to treat neonatal pathology more effectively.

scholarly journals Detection of three pandemic causing coronaviruses from non-respiratory samples: systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandan Mishra ◽  
Suneeta Meena ◽  
Jitendra Kumar Meena ◽  
Suman Tiwari ◽  
Purva Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Positive Rate

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 has posed an unprecedented challenge to the world. Pandemics have been caused previously by viruses of this family like Middle East Respiratory Corona Virus (MERS CoV), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus (SARS CoV). Although these viruses are primarily respiratory viruses, but they have been isolated from non-respiratory samples as well. Presently, the detection rate of SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA from different clinical specimens using Real Time Reverse Transcriptase Polymerized Chain Reaction (qRT‐PCR) after onset of symptoms is not yet well established. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to establish the profile of detecting SARS‐CoV‐2, MERS CoV, SARS CoV from different types of clinical specimens other than the respiratory using a standard diagnostic test (qRT‐PCR). A total of 3429 non-respiratory specimens were recorded: SARS CoV (total sample—802), MERS CoV (total sample—155), SARS CoV-2 (total sample—2347). Out of all the samples studied high positive rate was seen for saliva with 96.7% (14/14; 95% CI 87.6–100.0%) for SARS CoV and 57.5% (58/250; 95% CI − 1.2 to 116.2%) for SARS CoV-2, while low detection rate in urine samples for SARS CoV-2 with 2.2% (8/318; 95% CI 0.6–3.7%) and 9.6% (12/61; 95% CI − 0.9 to 20.1%) for SARS CoV but there was relatively higher positivity in urine samples for MERS CoV with detection rate of 32.4% (2/38; 95% CI − 37.3 to 102.1%). In Stool sample positivity was 54.9% (396/779; 95% CI 41.0–68.8%), 45.2% (180/430; 95% CI 28.1–62.3%) and 34.7% (4/38; 95% CI − 29.5 to 98.9%) for SARS CoV-2, MERS CoV, and SARS CoV, respectively. In blood sample the positivity was 33.3% (7/21; 95% CI 13.2–53.5%), 23.7% (42/277; 95% CI 10.5–36.9%) and 2.5% (2/81; 95% CI 0.00–5.8%) for MERS CoV, SARS CoV-2 and SARS CoV respectively. SARS‐CoV‐2 along with previous two pandemic causing viruses from this family, were highly detected stool and saliva. A low positive rate was recorded in blood samples. Viruses were also detected in fluids along with unusual samples like semen and vaginal secretions thus highlighting unique pathogenic potential of SARS‐CoV‐2.

scholarly journals Is it enough for COVID-19 screening test? Limitation of swab test and general characteristics of mild symptom patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 003685042110261
Author(s):  
Sungwoo Choi ◽  
Hyo Jeong Choi ◽  
Ho Jung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Screening Test ◽  
Community Treatment ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Discharge Criteria

The most common method for SARS-CoV-2 testing is throat or nasal swabbing by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. In South Korea, drive-through swab test is used for screening system and community treatment centers (CTCs), which admit and treat confirmed COVID-19 patients with mild symptoms, are being used. This retrospective study was conducted on patients admitted to a CTC on March 6, 2020. A total of 313 patients were admitted. The nasal and throat swabs were collected from the upper respiratory tract, and a sputum test was performed to obtain lower respiratory samples. The positive rate of the first set of test, sputum test was higher than that of the swab test ( p = 0.011). In the second set of test, 1 week after the first ones, the rate of positive swab tests was relatively high ( p = 0.026). In the first set of test, 66 of 152 (43.4%) patients showed 24-h consecutive negative swab test results, when the sputum test results were considered together, that number fell to 29 patients (19.1%) ( p < 0.001). Also, in the second set of test, 63 of 164 (38.4%) patients met the discharge criteria only when the swab test was considered; that number fell to 30 (18.3%) when the sputum test results were also considered ( p < 0.001). Using the swab test alone is insufficient for screening test and discharge decision. Patients who may have positive result in the sputum test can be missed.

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics of inpatients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Sichuan province

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Wang ◽  
Lei Chen ◽  
Qiao He ◽  
Mingqi Wang ◽  
Mei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Sichuan Province ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Course Of Disease ◽  
West China ◽  
Radiologic Abnormality

Abstract Background The outbreak of COVID-19 has resulted in serious concerns in China and abroad. To investigate clinical features of confirmed and suspected patients with COVID-19 in west China, and to examine differences between severe versus non-severe patients. Methods Patients admitted for COVID-19 between January 21 and February 11 from fifteen hospitals in Sichuan Province, China were included. Experienced clinicians trained with methods abstracted data from medical records using pre-defined, pilot-tested forms. Clinical characteristics between severe and non-severe patients were compared. Results Of the 169 patients included, 147 were laboratory-confirmed, 22 were suspected. For confirmed cases, the most common symptoms from onset to admission were cough (70·7%), fever (70·5%) and sputum (33·3%), and the most common chest CT patterns were patchy or stripes shadowing (78·0%); throughout the course of disease, 19·0% had no fever, and 12·4% had no radiologic abnormality; twelve (8·2%) received mechanical ventilation, four (2·7%) were transferred to ICU, and no death occurred. Compared to non-severe cases, severe ones were more likely to have underlying comorbidities (62·5% vs 26·2%, P = 0·001), to present with cough (92·0% vs 66·4%, P = 0·02), sputum (60·0% vs 27·9%, P = 0·004) and shortness of breath (40·0% vs 8·2%, P <  0·0001), and to have more frequent lymphopenia (79·2% vs 43·7%, P = 0·003) and eosinopenia (84·2% vs 57·0%, P = 0·046). Conclusions The symptoms of patients in west China were relatively mild, and an appreciable proportion of infected cases had no fever, warranting special attention.

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