scholarly journals A combination of cis-2-decenoic acid and antibiotics eradicates pre-established catheter-associated biofilms

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 1509-1516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azadeh Rahmani-Badi ◽  
Shayesteh Sepehr ◽  
Parisa Mohammadi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Soudi ◽  
Hamta Babaie-Naiej ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Mixed Cultures ◽  
Decenoic Acid ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatments ◽  
New Strategies

The catheterized urinary tract provides ideal conditions for the development of biofilm populations. Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are recalcitrant to existing antimicrobial treatments; therefore, established biofilms are not eradicated completely after treatment and surviving biofilm cells will carry on the infection. Cis-2-decenoic acid (CDA), an unsaturated fatty acid, is capable of inhibiting biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and of inducing the dispersion of established biofilms by multiple types of micro-organisms. Here, the ability of CDA to induce dispersal in pre-established single- and dual-species biofilms formed by Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae was measured by using both semi-batch and continuous cultures bioassays. Removal of the biofilms by combined CDA and antibiotics (ciprofloxacin or ampicillin) was evaluated using microtitre plate assays (crystal violet staining). The c.f.u. counts were determined to assess the potential of combined CDA treatments to kill and eradicate pre-established biofilms formed on catheters. The effects of combined CDA treatments on biofilm surface area and bacteria viability were evaluated using fluorescence microscopy, digital image analysis and live/dead staining. To investigate the ability of CDA to prevent biofilm formation, single and mixed cultures were grown in the presence and absence of CDA. Treatment of pre-established biofilms with only 310 nM CDA resulted in at least threefold increase in the number of planktonic cells in all cultures tested. Whilst none of the antibiotics alone exerted a significant effect on c.f.u. counts and percentage of surface area covered by the biofilms, combined CDA treatments led to at least a 78 % reduction in biofilm biomass in all cases. Moreover, most of the biofilm cells remaining on the surface were killed by antibiotics. The addition of 310 nM CDA significantly prevented biofilm formation by the tested micro-organisms, even within mixed cultures, indicating the ability of CDA to inhibit biofilm formation by other types of bacteria in addition to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These findings suggested that the biofilm-preventive characteristics of CDA make it a noble candidate for inhibition of biofilm-associated infections such as CAUTIs, which paves the way toward developing new strategies to control biofilms in clinical as well as industrial settings.

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PIGMENTS PRODUCTION AND BIOFILM FORMATION FROM LOCAL PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA ISOLATES

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 1413-1419
Author(s):  
Mahmood & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Production Medium ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Biofilm Production ◽  
Tract Infections

The current study was designed to explore the association between the pigments production and biofilm construction in local Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. Out of 143 patients suffering from burns, urinary tract infections (UTI), respiratory tract infections and cystic fibrosis obtained from previous study by Mahmood (2015), twenty two isolates  (15.38%) were identified  from (11) hospitals in Iraq, splitted  into three provinces, Baghdad, Al-Anbar and Karbala for the duration of June 2017 to April 2018.  Characterization was carried out by using microscopical, morphological and biochemical methods which showed that all these isolates belong to P. aeruginosa.  Screening of   biofilm production isolates was carried out by using nutrient broth supplemented with glucose (0.25%) production medium which encourage this biofilm production. The percentage of pigmented isolates were collected from a total of 143 samples, 2.8% of the isolates from burns, 2.1% isolates from cystic fibrosis and 0.7% isolates from UTI.  Quantitative assays for biofilm formation were conducted using ELIZA technique. The results showed that all (22) isolates produced biofilm except one (B1 isolate). Biofilm quantities were varied from strong to medium production in comparison with control (0.0663). Statistical analysis results using Fischer's Exact test (p<0.05) were non-significant, therefore the pigment production has no association with biofilm formation for all of them.

scholarly journals Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa Is Mediated by Exopolysaccharide-Independent Biofilms

2014 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 2048-2058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie J. Cole ◽  
Angela R. Records ◽  
Mona W. Orr ◽  
Sara B. Linden ◽  
Vincent T. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Extracellular Dna ◽  
Extracellular Polysaccharides ◽  
Indwelling Catheters ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACTPseudomonas aeruginosais an opportunistic human pathogen that is especially adept at forming surface-associated biofilms.P. aeruginosacauses catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) through biofilm formation on the surface of indwelling catheters.P. aeruginosaencodes three extracellular polysaccharides, PEL, PSL, and alginate, and utilizes the PEL and PSL polysaccharides to form biofilmsin vitro; however, the requirement of these polysaccharides duringin vivoinfections is not well understood. Here we show in a murine model of CAUTI that PAO1, a strain harboringpel,psl, andalggenes, and PA14, a strain harboringpelandalggenes, form biofilms on the implanted catheters. To determine the requirement of exopolysaccharide duringin vivobiofilm infections, we tested isogenic mutants lacking thepel,psl, andalgoperons and showed that PA14 mutants lacking these operons can successfully form biofilms on catheters in the CAUTI model. To determine the host factor(s) that induces the ΔpelDmutant to form biofilm, we tested mouse, human, and artificial urine and show that urine can induce biofilm formation by the PA14 ΔpelDmutant. By testing the major constituents of urine, we show that urea can induce apel-,psl-, andalg-independent biofilm. Thesepel-,psl-, andalg-independent biofilms are mediated by the release of extracellular DNA. Treatment of biofilms formed in urea with DNase I reduced the biofilm, indicating that extracellular DNA supports biofilm formation. Our results indicate that the opportunistic pathogenP. aeruginosautilizes a distinct program to form biofilms that are independent of exopolysaccharides during CAUTI.

scholarly journals CAUTI’s Next Top Model – model dependent Klebsiella biofilm inhibition by bacteriophages and antimicrobials

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleanor Townsend ◽  
John Moat ◽  
Eleanor Jameson
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Foley Catheter ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Realistic Model ◽  
Biofilm Inhibition ◽  
Phage Cocktail ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatments

AbstractKlebsiella infections, including catheter associated urinary tract infections, are a considerable burden on health care systems. This is due to their difficulty to treat, caused by antimicrobial resistance and their ability to form biofilms. In this study, we investigated the use of a Klebsiella phage cocktail to reduce biofilm viability. We used two methodologies to investigate this, a standard 96-well plate assay and a more complicated Foley catheter-based model. The phage cocktail was used alone and in combination with clinically relevant antibiotic treatments. Viability was measured by both a resazurin based stain and colony forming unit counts, of cells sloughed off from the biofilm. We showed that phage infection dynamics and host survival vary significantly in different standard laboratory media, presumably due to the expression of different surface receptors and capsule composition by the bacteria effecting phage binding. This underscores the importance of a realistic model for developing phage therapyWe demonstrate that bacteriophage-based treatments are a viable option for preventing Klebsiella colonisation and biofilm formation on urinary catheters. Phage cocktails were able to significantly reduce the amount of biofilm that formed when they were present during early biofilm formation. The phages used in this study were unable to significantly reduce a pre-formed mature biofilm, despite encoding depolymerases. Phages applied together with antimicrobial treatments, showed synergistic interactions, in some cases the combined treatment was much more effective than antimicrobial treatments alone.We show that phage cocktails have the potential to prevent Klebsiella biofilms in catheters, if used early or as a preventative treatment and will work well alongside standard antibiotics in the treatment of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI).

scholarly journals Azithromycin-Ciprofloxacin-Impregnated Urinary Catheters Avert Bacterial Colonization, Biofilm Formation, and Inflammation in a Murine Model of Foreign-Body-Associated Urinary Tract Infections Caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hina Saini ◽  
Anitha Vadekeetil ◽  
Sanjay Chhibber ◽  
Kusum Harjai
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Silicone Implants ◽  
Urinary Catheters ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACT Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a multifaceted pathogen causing a variety of biofilm-mediated infections, including catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). The high prevalence of CAUTIs in hospitals, their clinical manifestations, such as urethritis, cystitis, pyelonephritis, meningitis, urosepsis, and death, and the associated economic challenges underscore the need for management of these infections. Biomaterial modification of urinary catheters with two drugs seems an interesting approach to combat CAUTIs by inhibiting biofilm. Previously, we demonstrated the in vitro efficacy of urinary catheters impregnated with azithromycin (AZM) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) against P. aeruginosa. Here, we report how these coated catheters impact the course of CAUTI induced by P. aeruginosa in a murine model. CAUTI was established in female LACA mice with uncoated or AZM-CIP-coated silicone implants in the bladder, followed by transurethral inoculation of 108 CFU/ml of biofilm cells of P. aeruginosa PAO1. AZM-CIP-coated implants (i) prevented biofilm formation on the implant's surface (P ≤ 0.01), (ii) restricted bacterial colonization in the bladder and kidney (P < 0.0001), (iii) averted bacteriuria (P < 0.0001), and (iv) exhibited no major histopathological changes for 28 days in comparison to uncoated implants, which showed persistent CAUTI. Antibiotic implants also overcame implant-mediated inflammation, as characterized by trivial levels of inflammatory markers such as malondialdehyde (P < 0.001), myeloperoxidase (P < 0.05), reactive oxygen species (P ≤ 0.001), and reactive nitrogen intermediates (P < 0.01) in comparison to those in uncoated implants. Further, AZM-CIP-coated implants showed immunomodulation by manipulating the release of inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and IL-10 to the benefit of the host. Overall, the study demonstrates long-term in vivo effectiveness of AZM-CIP-impregnated catheters, which may possibly be a key to success in preventing CAUTIs.

Detection of tox A gene in Pseudomonas aeruginosa that isolates from different clinical cases by using PCR.

2018 ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Rana M. Abdullah Al-Shwaikh ◽  
Abbas Falih Alornaaouti
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Wound Infections ◽  
Tract Infections

       Current study obtained (75) isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa collected from different cases included : 28 isolates from otitis media, 23 isolates from burn infections, 10 isolates from wound infections, 8 isolates from urinary tract infections and 6 isolates from blood, during the period between 1/9/2014 to 1/11/2014        The result revealed that the tox A gene was present in 54 isolates (72%) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The gel electrophoresis showed that the molecular weight of tox A gene was 352 bp. The result shows 17 isolates (60.71%) from otitis media has tox A gene, 18 isolates (78.26%) from burn followed by 8 isolate (80%) from wound infection and 5 isolates (62.5%) from urinary tract infection , finally 6 isolates (100%) from blood have this gene.

The Clinical Features of Complicated Urinary Tract Infections by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2008 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 1149
Author(s):  
Jung Woo Lee ◽  
Kyung Jae Oh ◽  
Seung Chol Park ◽  
Joung Sik Rim
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Tract Infections

Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from urinary tract infections

2011 ◽  
Vol 301 (4) ◽  
pp. 282-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Tielen ◽  
Maike Narten ◽  
Nathalie Rosin ◽  
Ilona Biegler ◽  
Isam Haddad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Tract Infections

scholarly journals Determination of nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin susceptibility among urinary Escherichia coli isolates

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 3274
Author(s):  
Rachana Kanaujia ◽  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Malay Bajpai
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Therapeutic Alternatives ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common infections. For treatment of UTIs, there are limited antibiotics due to increased resistance among uropathogens. Two older antibiotics; Nitrofurantoin and Fosfomycin have become novel oral therapeutic options against uropathogens. Aim of the study was to identify UTI causing micro-organisms and evaluate in-vitro activity of nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin against most common isolated organism (E. coli).Methods: Results of urine samples culture and susceptibility testing over a period of 1 year were analysed and included in this study.Results: Micro-organisms were isolated from 568 urine samples. Most commonly isolated organism was Escherichia coli (40.50%), followed by Klebsiella spp. (20.07%) and Staphylococcus spp. (17.07%). Susceptibility of E. coli to nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin was 91.74% and 65.65% respectively. Conclusion: Good activity of nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin against E. coli indicates that these two drugs are potential therapeutic alternatives for urinary tract infections.

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