Influence of tissue and geographic locality on culturable endophytic bacteria of Atractylodes macrocephala

Microbiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 167 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Wu ◽  
Shiyu Wang ◽  
Jianjun Wu ◽  
Bingqian He ◽  
Bo Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Atractylenolide I ◽  
Endophytic Bacterial Community ◽  
Atractylodes Macrocephala

The endophytic bacterial community and their diversity are closely related to the host’s growth and development. This paper explores the culturable endophytic bacteria in the stems, leaves, roots and rhizomes of Atractylodes macrocephala (AM) of four localities (Yuqian, Wenxian, Pan’an and Pingjiang) and the potential correlation between the bacteria and plant bioactive compounds. A total of 118 endophytic bacteria belonging to 3 phyla, 5 classes, 11 orders, 26 families and 48 genera were isolated and identified from the four AM tissues. Among them, Bacillus was the dominant genus. In AM, the tissue type and locality influenced the endophytic bacterial community. Approximately 29.7 and 28.8% of the endophytic bacteria exhibited tissue specificity and geographic specificity, respectively. Furthermore, high-performance liquid chromatography revealed that the sesquiterpenoid (atractylenolide I, atractylenolide Ⅱ and atractylon) content was more in the rhizomes of Wenxian than in those of Pingjiang, Yuqian and Pan’an. The multiple linear regression was used to screen the bacterial strains related to the bioactive compounds of AM. The relative frequency of Microbacterium positively correlated with atractylenolide I and atractylon content in AM but negatively correlated with atractylenolide Ⅱ content. The study also provides a theoretical framework for future research on endophytic bacteria as alternative sources of secondary plant metabolites.

scholarly journals Root-associated endophytic bacterial community composition and structure of three medicinal licorices and their changes with the growing year

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanli Dang ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Guifang Li ◽  
Yudi Mu ◽  
Xinhua Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Licorice Root ◽  
Leaf Water Content ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Endophytic Bacterial Community

Abstract Background The dried roots and rhizomes of medicinal licorices are widely used worldwide as a traditional medicinal herb, which are mainly attributed to a variety of bioactive compounds that can be extracted from licorice root. Endophytes and plants form a symbiotic relationship, which is an important source of host secondary metabolites. Results In this study, we used high-throughput sequencing technology and high-performance liquid chromatography to explore the composition and structure of the endophytic bacterial community and the content of bioactive compounds (glycyrrhizic acid, liquiritin and total flavonoids) in different species of medicinal licorices (Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Glycyrrhiza glabra, and Glycyrrhiza inflata) and in different planting years (1–3 years). Our results showed that the contents of the bioactive compounds in the roots of medicinal licorices were not affected by the species, but were significantly affected by the main effect growing year (1–3) (P < 0.05), and with a trend of stable increase in the contents observed with each growing year. In 27 samples, a total of 1,979,531 effective sequences were obtained after quality control, and 2432 effective operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained at 97% identity. The phylum Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, and the genera unified-Rhizobiaceae, Pseudomonas, Novosphingobium, and Pantoea were significantly dominant in the 27 samples. Distance-based redundancy analysis (db-RDA) showed that the content of total flavonoids explained the differences in composition and distribution of endophytic bacterial communities in roots of cultivated medicinal liquorices to the greatest extent. Total soil salt was the most important factor that significantly affected the endophytic bacterial community in soil factors, followed by ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen. Among the leaf nutrition factors, leaf water content had the most significant effect on the endophytic bacterial community, followed by total phosphorus and total potassium. Conclusions This study not only provides information on the composition and distribution of endophytic bacteria in the roots of medicinal licorices, but also reveals the influence of abiotic factors on the community of endophytic bacteria and bioactive compounds, which provides a reference for improving the quality of licorice.

scholarly journals Root-associated endophytic bacterial community composition and structure of three medicinal licorices and their changes with the growing year

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanli Dang ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Guifang Li ◽  
Yudi Mu ◽  
Xinhua Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Licorice Root ◽  
Leaf Water Content ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Endophytic Bacterial Community

Abstract Background The dried roots and rhizomes of medicinal licorices are widely used worldwide as a traditional medicinal herb, which are mainly attributed to a variety of bioactive compounds that can be extracted from licorice root. Endophytes and plants form a symbiotic relationship, which is an important source of host secondary metabolites. Results In this study, we used high-throughput sequencing technology and high-performance liquid chromatography to explore the composition and structure of the endophytic bacterial community and the content of bioactive compounds (glycyrrhizic acid, liquiritin and total flavonoids) in different species of medicinal licorices (Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Glycyrrhiza glabra, and Glycyrrhiza inflata) and in different planting years (1–3 years). Our results showed that the contents of the bioactive compounds in the roots of medicinal licorices were not affected by the species, but were significantly affected by the main effect growing year (1–3) (P < 0.05), and with a trend of stable increase in the contents observed with each growing year. In 27 samples, a total of 1,979,531 effective sequences were obtained after quality control, and 2,432 effective operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained at 97% identity. The phylum Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, and the genera unified-Rhizobiaceae, Pseudomonas, Novosphingobium, and Pantoea were significantly dominant in the 27 samples. Distance-based redundancy analysis (db-RDA) showed that the content of total flavonoids explained the differences in composition and distribution of endophytic bacterial communities in roots of cultivated medicinal liquorices to the greatest extent. Total soil salt was the most important factor that significantly affected the endophytic bacterial community in soil factors, followed by ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen. Among the leaf nutrition factors, leaf water content had the most significant effect on the endophytic bacterial community, followed by total phosphorus and total potassium. Conclusions This study not only provides information on the composition and distribution of endophytic bacteria in the roots of medicinal licorices, but also reveals the influence of abiotic factors on the community of endophytic bacteria and bioactive compounds, which provides a reference for improving the quality of licorice.

scholarly journals Diversity Analysis of Endophytic Bacterial Community in Two Citrus Cultivars With Different Resistance to Citrus Canker

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Liu ◽  
Jiahao Lai ◽  
Simeng Wu ◽  
Junxi Jiang ◽  
Weigang Kuang
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Citrus Canker ◽  
Navel Orange ◽  
Xanthomonas Citri ◽  
Canker Disease ◽  
Satsuma Mandarin ◽  
Endophytic Bacterial Community ◽  
Dominant Bacteria ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The selective infection of Xanthomonas citri pv. citri to citrus cultivars is universally known, but it is not clarified whether there is a relationship between endophytic bacteria and the resistance of host variety to canker disease. In order to explore the relationship, Satsuma mandarin and Newhall navel orange were collected respectively as samples of resistant or susceptible cultivars to citrus canker disease, and endophytic bacterial community of two citrus cultivars were analyzed by using a next-generation, Illumina-based sequencing approach. Simultaneously, the seasonal dynamics of endophytic bacterial community and dominant genera were analyzed. The results showed that there were four dominant groups including Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes in all samples at phylum level. Endophytic bacteria were the most abundant in spring samples, then in summer and autumn samples. There were some differences between endophytic bacterial community of resistant citrus and that of susceptible citrus to canker disease, and the endophytic bacteria of Satsuma mandarin are more abundant than that of Newhall navel orange. According to the analysis of dominant bacteria in two citrus cultivars, it was found that some endophytic bacteria with antagonistic characteristics existed universally in all samples, although the dominant bacteria in different seasonal sample were different. However, in Newhall navel orange of susceptible citrus to canker disease, there were not only some bacteria against Xanthomonas citri pv. citri, but also some cooperative bacteria of canker occurrence like Stenotrophomonas.

Characterization of microbial communities from rumen and large intestine of lactating creole goats grazing in arid plant communities

Microbiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 167 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aarón Barraza ◽  
Juan J. Montes-Sánchez ◽  
M. Goretty Caamal-Chan ◽  
Abraham Loera-Muro
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Sonoran Desert ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type

Arid plant communities provide variable diets that can affect digestive microbial communities of free-foraging ruminants. Thus, we used next-generation sequencing of 16S and 18S rDNA to characterize microbial communities in the rumen (regurgitated digesta) and large intestine (faeces) and diet composition of lactating creole goats from five flocks grazing in native plant communities in the Sonoran Desert in the rainy season. The bacterial communities in the rumen and large intestine of the five flocks had similar alpha diversity (Chao1, Shannon, and Simpson indices). However, bacterial community compositions were different: a bacterial community dominated by Proteobacteria in the rumen transitioned to a community dominated by Firmicutes in the large intestine. Bacterial communities of rumen were similar across flocks; similarly occurred with large-intestine communities. Archaea had a minimum presence in the goat digestive tract. We detected phylum Basidiomycota, Ascomycota, and Apicomplexa as the main fungi and protozoa. Analyses suggested different diet compositions; forbs and grasses composed the bulk of plants in the rumen and forbs and shrubs in faeces. Therefore, lactating goats consuming different diets in the Sonoran Desert in the rainy season share a similar core bacterial community in the rumen and another in the large intestine and present low archaeal communities.

scholarly journals Root-Associated Endophytic Bacterial Community Composition of Pennisetum sinese from Four Representative Provinces in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen-Shan Deng ◽  
Bao-Cheng Zhang ◽  
Xiang-Ying Qi ◽  
Zhi-Hong Sun ◽  
Xiao-Long He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Endophytic Bacterial Community

Pennisetum sinese, a source of bio-energy with high biomass production, is a species that contains high crude protein and will be useful for solving the shortage of forage grass after the implementation of “Green for Grain” project in the Loess plateau of Northern Shaanxi in 1999. Plants may receive benefits from endophytic bacteria, such as the enhancement of plant growth or the reduction of plant stress. However, the composition of the endophytic bacterial community associated with the roots of P. sinese is poorly elucidated. In this study, P. sinese from five different samples (Shaanxi province, SX; Fujian province, FJ; the Xinjiang Uyghur autonomous prefecture, XJ and Inner Mongolia, including sand (NS) and saline-alkali land (NY), China) were investigated by high-throughput next-generation sequencing of the 16S rDNA V3-V4 hypervariable region of endophytic bacteria. A total of 313,044 effective sequences were obtained by sequencing five different samples, and 957 effective operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were yielded at 97% identity. The phylum Proteobacteria, the classes Gammaproteobacteria and Alphaproteobacteria, and the genera Pantoea, Pseudomonas, Burkholderia, Arthrobacter, Psychrobacter, and Neokomagataea were significantly dominant in the five samples. In addition, our results demonstrated that the Shaanxi province (SX) sample had the highest Shannon index values (3.795). We found that the SX (308.097) and NS (126.240) samples had the highest and lowest Chao1 richness estimator (Chao1) values, respectively. Venn graphs indicated that the five samples shared 39 common OTUs. Moreover, according to results of the canonical correlation analysis (CCA), soil total carbon, total nitrogen, effective phosphorus, and pH were the major contributing factors to the difference in the overall composition of the bacteria community in this study. Our data provide insights into the endophytic bacteria community composition and structure of roots associated with P. sinese. These results might be useful for growth promotion in different samples, and some of the strains may have the potential to improve plant production in future studies.

scholarly journals Insights into the Endophytic Bacterial Community Comparison and their Potential Role in the Dimorphic Seeds of Halophyte Suaeda Glauca

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongfei Wang ◽  
Manik Prabhu Narsing Rao ◽  
Yanli Gao ◽  
Xinyang Li ◽  
Rui Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Ecological Adaptation ◽  
Endophytic Bacterial Community ◽  
Suaeda Glauca ◽  
Black Seeds ◽  
Disturbed Environment

Abstract Background: The seed dimorphism was thought to be a bet-hedging strategy, which assists plants to survive in the disturbed environment and has been widely studied for their ecological adaptation mechanism. Many studies showed that seed-associated microorganisms play an important role in enhancing plant fitness, but information regarding endophytic bacteria associated with dimorphic seeds is limited. This study explores the influence of seed coat structure and seed phytochemical properties on the community composition and diversity of endophytic bacteria of dimorphic seeds of Suaeda glauca. In the present study, we firstly used 16S rRNA high-throughput gene sequencing method to compare the bacterial diversity and community composition between brown and black seeds of Suaeda glauca. Results: A significant difference was observed in seed coat structure and phytochemical properties between brown and black seeds of S. glauca. Total 9 phyla, 13 classes, 31 orders, 53 families, 102 genera were identified in the dimorphic seeds. The dominant phyla were Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria. The results showed that seed dimorphism had little impact on the diversity and richness of endophytic bacterial communities but significantly differs in the relative abundance of the bacterial community between brown and black seeds. At the phylum level, Actinobacteria tend to be enriched significantly in brown seeds. At the genus level, Rhodococcus, Ralstonia, Pelomonas and Bradyrhizobium tend to be enriched significantly in brown seeds, while Marinilactibacillus was mainly found in black seeds. Besides, brown seeds harbored a large number of bacteria with plant-growth-promoting traits, whereas black seeds presented bacteria with enzyme activities (i.e. pectinase, cellulolytic and xylanolytic activities). Conclusion: The endophytic bacterial community compositions were significantly different between dimorphic seeds of Suaeda glauca, and play an important role in the ecological adaptation of dimorphic seeds by performing different bacterial function roles. The endophytic bacterial communities of the dimorphic seeds might be influenced mainly by the seed coat structure and partly by seed phytochemical characteristics. These findings provide valuable information for better understanding of the ecological adaptation strategy of dimorphic seeds in the disturbed environment.

Endogenous bacterial community structure of Pinus massoniana with differing resistance to pine wilt disease

Nematology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Wei Lu ◽  
Xiao-Jia Zhao ◽  
Jia-Jin Tan
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Pine Wilt Disease ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Pinus Massoniana ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Pine Wilt ◽  
Disease Resistant ◽  
Endophytic Bacterial Community

Summary Pine wilt disease (PWD) is a devastating pine disease caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and its main host in China is Pinus massoniana. The relationship between endophytic bacteria and disease resistance in P. massoniana remains unclear. In this paper, the leaves, roots, stems and treetops of different disease-resistant P. massoniana were studied as the research objective and Illumina MiSeq sequencing was used to analyse whether there were significant differences in the composition and diversity of endophytic bacterial communities between different disease-resistant P. massoniana. The results showed that at the genus level there were no obvious differences in the composition of the endophytic bacterial community of different disease-resistant P. massoniana in the leaves, but there were obvious differences in the roots, stems and treetops. The richness and diversity of endophytic bacteria in P. massoniana had no significant impact on its disease resistance, whilst the structure of endophytic bacterial community in stems and treetops may be related to its disease resistance.

scholarly journals Diversity of Cultivated Endophytic Bacteria from Sugarcane: Genetic and Biochemical Characterization of Burkholderia cepacia Complex Isolates

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (22) ◽  
pp. 7259-7267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Mendes ◽  
Aline A. Pizzirani-Kleiner ◽  
Welington L. Araujo ◽  
Jos M. Raaijmakers
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia Complex ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Endophytic Bacterial Community

ABSTRACT Bacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere and from inside the roots and stems of sugarcane plants grown in the field in Brazil. Endophytic bacteria were found in both the roots and the stems of sugarcane plants, with a significantly higher density in the roots. Many of the cultivated endophytic bacteria were shown to produce the plant growth hormone indoleacetic acid, and this trait was more frequently found among bacteria from the stem. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the selected isolates of the endophytic bacterial community of sugarcane belong to the genera of Burkholderia, Pantoea, Pseudomonas, and Microbacterium. Bacterial isolates belonging to the genus Burkholderia were the most predominant among the endophytic bacteria. Many of the Burkholderia isolates produced the antifungal metabolite pyrrolnitrin, and all were able to grow at 37°C. Phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rRNA gene and recA gene sequences indicated that the endophytic Burkholderia isolates from sugarcane are closely related to clinical isolates of the Burkholderia cepacia complex and clustered with B. cenocepacia (gv. III) isolates from cystic fibrosis patients. These results suggest that isolates of the B. cepacia complex are an integral part of the endophytic bacterial community of sugarcane in Brazil and reinforce the hypothesis that plant-associated environments may act as a niche for putative opportunistic human pathogenic bacteria.

scholarly journals Repurposing bioactive compounds for treating multidrug-resistant pathogens

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 881-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas A. Hummell ◽  
Natalia V. Kirienko
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Drug Repurposing ◽  
Virulence Determinants ◽  
Content Type ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Link Type

Introduction. Antimicrobial development is being outpaced by the rising rate of antimicrobial resistance in the developing and industrialized world. Drug repurposing, where novel antibacterial functions can be found for known molecular entities, reduces drug development costs, reduces regulatory hurdles, and increases rate of success. Aim. We sought to characterize the antimicrobial properties of five known bioactives (DMAQ-B1, carboplatin, oxaliplatin, CD437 and PSB-069) that were discovered in a high-throughput phenotypic screen for hits that extend Caenorhabditis elegans survival during exposure to Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14. Methodology. c.f.u. assays, biofilm staining and fluorescence microscopy were used to assay the compounds' effect on various virulence determinants. Checkerboard assays were used to assess synergy between compounds and conventional antimicrobials. C. elegans-based assays were used to test whether the compounds could also rescue against Enterococcus faecalis and Staphyloccus aureus. Finally, toxicity was assessed in C. elegans and mammalian cells. Results. Four of the compounds rescued C. elegans from a second bacterial pathogen and two of them (DMAQ-B1, a naturally occurring insulin mimetic, and CD437, an agonist of the retinoic acid receptor) rescued against all three. The platinum complexes displayed increased antimicrobial activity against P. aeruginosa . Of the molecules tested, only CD437 showed slight synergy with ampicillin. The two most effective compounds, DMAQ-B1 and CD437, showed toxicity to mammalian cells. Conclusion. Although these compounds' potential for repurposing is limited by their toxicity, our results contribute to this growing field and provide a simple road map for using C. elegans for preliminary testing of known bioactive compounds with predicted antimicrobial activity.

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