scholarly journals Bioremediation of Agro-Based Pulp Mill Effluent by Microbial Consortium Comprising Autochthonous Bacteria

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virendra Kumar ◽  
Purnima Dhall ◽  
Rita Kumar ◽  
Yogendra Prakash Singh ◽  
Anil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Black Liquor ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Kraft Pulping ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mill ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Paper Mills

Small-scale agro-based pulp and paper mills are characterized as highly polluting industries. These mills use Kraft pulping process for paper manufacturing due to which toxic lignified chemicals are released into the environment. Lack of infrastructure, technical manpower, and research and development facilities restricts these mills to recover these chemicals. Therefore, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the emanating stream is quite high. For solving the above problem, four bacteria were isolated from the premises of agro-based pulp and paper mill which were identified as species ofPseudomonas, Bacillus, Pannonibacter, andOchrobacterum. These bacteria were found capable of reducing COD up to 85%–86.5% in case of back water and 65-66% in case of back water : black liquor (60 : 40), respectively, after acclimatization under optimized conditions (pH 6.8, temperature 35°C, and shaking 200 rpm) when the wastewater was supplemented with nitrogen and phosphorus as trace elements.

scholarly journals A review on bioremediation of pulp and paper mill effluent – An alternative to conventional remedial technologies

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 367-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangeeta Madan ◽  
Preeti Sachan ◽  
Utkarsh Singh
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mill ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Paper Mill Effluent ◽  
Paper Mill Effluents

At present, a large amount of water required for paper production and various chemicals has been identified in effluents, which is produced at different steps of paper making in paper mills. The pulp and paper industry is typically related to pollution difficulties related to high biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), colour, suspended solids, lignin and chlorinated compounds. Several studies have been made on eliminate these difficulties of pulp and paper effluents, the problem still continues. Although the physical and chemical methods are on the track of treatment, they are not on par with biological treatment because of cost ineffectiveness and residual effects. The biological treatment is known to be effective in reducing the organic load and toxic effects of paper mill effluents. Some microorganisms including bacteria and fungi have been involved in degrading the chemicals present in pulp and paper mill effluent. This article is an overview of the attempts made by several researchers worldwide to use biotechnological methods for degradation of the toxic compounds present in pulp and paper mill effluents by using fungi, bacteria, algae and enzymes. The current study clearly shows that application of native dominant bacterial and fungal isolates may be used forthe treatment of large pulp and paper mills effluents.

scholarly journals Integral indices for quality assessment of pulp and paper mill effluents

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantin Bogolitsyn ◽  
Maria Gusakova ◽  
Nina Samsonova ◽  
Natalia Selivanova ◽  
Alexsandra Pochtovalova
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mill ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mills ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Paper Mill Effluents ◽  
Northwest Region ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Characteristics

AbstractThe first part of this investigation studied complex nature of chemical oxygen demand (COD ) parameter on local and overall effluents, which were obtained from two pulp and paper mills, located in the Northwest region of Russia. Contribution of individual compounds and fractions of matters having different chemical nature to COD for these effluents was established. The second part of this study shows that, qualitative and quantitative characteristics of priority pollutants and their contribution to COD for different pulp and paper mills are not the same, though these mills use similar technologies and produce similar products.

Practical experiences with aerobic biofilters in TMP (thermomechanical pulping), sulfite and fine paper mills in Canada

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 227-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kantardjieff ◽  
J. P. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mill ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Paper Mill Effluents ◽  
Sulfite Pulp ◽  
Practical Experiences

An industrial aerobic biofilter technology has been piloted extensively in Canada on several types of pulp and paper mill effluents, resulting in one full scale operational facility at one Canadian fine paper mill. In addition two industrial scale pilot plant tests were performed with the same technology, one in an integrated sulfite pulp and paper mill and one in a TMP mill. In the case of the fine paper mill, the full scale plant has two cells (8 m × 8 m × 6 m height of the media) and treats an unclarified but screened effluent with a loading of 3500 kg BOD/d. The system produces low quantities of biosludge (0.28 kg TSS/kg BOD removed), has a rapid rate of recovery after shock loadings and is very energy efficient (150 kW installed power for aeration). Pilot plant treatability studies were performed at one integrated Canadian sulfite mill using a combination of a biofilter-aerated lagoon system. The biofilter treated the most concentrated stream (sulfite pulp mill effluent) and this stream was then combined with the remaining wastewaters of the mill and polished in an aerated stabilization basin (ASB). The high quality ASB effluent (50 mg BOD/L/30 mg TSS/L) was non toxic to rainbow trout, Daphnia magna and photoluminescent bacteria. Integrated TMP mill effluents were treated in a 5 m3 aerobic biofilter filled with two types of media (10 to 20 mm and 20 to 30 mm). Under average loading conditions of 3.5 kg BOD/d.m3 media, the system produced effluents meeting regulation limits for BOD, TSS as well as for toxicity.

scholarly journals Pulp and paper mill wastes: utilizations and prospects for high value-added biomaterials

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adane Haile ◽  
Gemeda Gebino Gelebo ◽  
Tamrat Tesfaye ◽  
Wassie Mengie ◽  
Million Ayele Mebrate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smart Materials ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Black Liquor ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mill ◽  
Developmental Approach ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mills ◽  
Paper Mills

AbstractA wide variety of biomass is available all around the world. Most of the biomass exists as a by-product from manufacturing industries. Pulp and paper mills contribute to a higher amount of these biomasses mostly discarded in the landfills creating an environmental burden. Biomasses from other sources have been used to produce different kinds and grades of biomaterials such as those used in industrial and medical applications. The present review aims to investigate the availability of biomass from pulp and paper mills and show sustainable routes for the production of high value-added biomaterials. The study reveals that using conventional and integrated biorefinery technology the ample variety and quantity of waste generated from pulp and paper mills can be converted into wealth. As per the findings of the current review, it is shown that high-performance carbon fiber and bioplastic can be manufactured from black liquor of pulping waste; the cellulosic waste from sawdust and sludge can be utilized for the synthesis of CNC and regenerated fibers such as viscose rayon and acetate; the mineral-based pulping wastes and fly ash can be used for manufacturing of different kinds of biocomposites. The different biomaterials obtained from the pulp and paper mill biomass can be used for versatile applications including conventional, high performance, and smart materials. Through customization and optimization of the conversion techniques and product manufacturing schemes, a variety of engineering materials can be obtained from pulp and paper mill wastes realizing the current global waste to wealth developmental approach.

scholarly journals Coagulation and UF treatment of pulp and paper mill wastewater in comparison

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjana Simonič ◽  
Doroteja Vnučec
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mill ◽  
Polyaluminum Chloride ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Paper Mill Wastewater

AbstractA study using coagulation-flocculation and ultrafiltration (UF)methods for pulp and paper mills’ wastewater (WW)was carried out. The reduction efficiencies of turbidity and chemical oxygen demand (COD), the removal efficiency of total suspended solids (TSS) and absorbance at 254 nm were the main evaluating parameters. Using coagulation-flocculation, the efficiencies of alum and polyaluminum chloride (PACl)were studied, when used alone and when coupled with flocculant aids. During the coagulation-flocculation process, use of a single coagulant, the coagulant dosage, and the pH, play an important role in determining the coagulation efficiency. At the optimum PACl dosage of 840 mg L−1 and optimum pH of 9.0, turbidity reduction was found to be 94.5%. A combination of inorganic coagulant and flocculant, or polymer was applied, in which PACl was used coupled with the polyelectrolytes Organopol WPB20 and WPB40. PACl coupled with Organopol WPB20 by optimal pH 9 gave a 98.3% reduction of turbidity, 91.9% removal of TSS, and a 60.2% reduction in COD. Ultrafiltration trials were carried out on a pilot scale. A tubular module was used with ceramic membrane. This membrane is a multi-channel membrane with an active surface layer made of Al2O3 and ZrO2. Within the acidic range, the turbidity and TSS were removed at above 99%.

scholarly journals Treatment of pulp and paper mill effluent using low cost adsorbents: An overview

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 695-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaveta Kakkar ◽  
Anju Malik ◽  
Sanjeev Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mill ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Paper Mill Effluent ◽  
Adsorption Processes

In the present review, the suitability of adsorption process using low cost adsorbent for the treatment of pulp and paper mill effluent has been discussed. It is clear that adsorption processes are appropriate for the removal of recalcitrant compounds such as surfactants and pesticides, among others biodegradable or non-biodegradable compound present in pulp and paper mills effluents. The importance of the  adsorption is to improvement of the  removal of various physico- chemical (biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), colour, suspended solids, lignin), heavy metals (Cu, Cr, Fe, Zn, Ni and Mn etc) organochlorine compounds, all recalcitrant pollutant, reduce toxicity, enhance colour removal by using different cost effective adsorbents. The effective use of the different adsorbents developed from different adsorbent media such as activated carbon, agriculture by product and industrial wastes and sludge as adsorbents  for the removal of different pollutants from the various processes and operations of pulp and paper mill as potential alternatives to different treatment process and received widespread attention. Adsorption necessity is a novel treatment option to improve the efficiency of removal within the discharge limits of wastewaters into the receiving bodies without causing any damage of the environment. However, still there is a need to find out the practical usefulness of such low cost adsorbent at industrial scale with the special reference to metals.

Public Evaluation of Fish Tainting from Pulp and Paper Mill Discharges

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
C. G. Jardine
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mill ◽  
Advisory Committees ◽  
Public Advisory ◽  
St Lawrence River

As part of the Remedial Action Plan (RAP) programs for the St. Lawrence and Spanish Rivers in Ontario, Canada, tainting evaluations were conducted using members of the Public Advisory Committees (PACs) and the RAP teams. Triangle test sensory evaluations were conducted on caged rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) exposed insitu upstream and downstream of the pulp and paper mill diffuser outfalls In the St. Lawrence River only, evaluations were conducted on indigenous yellow perch (Perca flavescens) caught upstream and downstream of the mill discharge . In both locations, the odour of the flesh from the caged trout exposed above the diffuser outfall was not judged significantly different from caged trout exposed downstream of the discharge. However, the indigenous perch caught downstream of the mill in the St. Lawrence River were judged by the panelists to have a significantly more objectionable odour than those caught upstream of the discharge. While the effluent tainting potential appears to have been eliminated in the Spanish River, further studies are required to determine the source and magnitude of tainting concerns in the St. Lawrence River. The sensory test and results reported here provide useful tools for evaluating the tainting potential of pulp mill discharges and for assessing perceived consumer quality of the fish exposed to these effluents.

scholarly journals Thermal characterization of hydrated eco-friendly clinkers produced from pulp and paper mill waste

Cerâmica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (371) ◽  
pp. 311-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Simão ◽  
N. J. Lóh ◽  
D. Hotza ◽  
F. Raupp-Pereira ◽  
J. A. Labrincha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mill ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Bet Analysis ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
Clinker Production

Abstract Industrial wastes from pulp and paper mills are potentially useful materials to use as alternative materials in clinker production. In this study, eco-friendly clinkers were obtained using only waste as feedstock. Eco-friendly clinker with different C3S and C2S contents were produced and hydrated for 7 days at 40 °C, or for 28 and 90 days at room temperature. The potentialities of these waste and the products obtained were revealed through chemical (XRF), thermal (DTA/TG) and surface area (BET) analysis. For comparison, a common ordinary Portland cement (OPC) was tested. As expected, the hydration rate of formulations presenting higher C3S content was higher, generating higher amounts of Ca(OH)2. Furthermore, the amount of Portlandite formed was lower when compared to OPC.

scholarly journals Comparison Study of Manometric Respirometric Test and Common Chemical Methods in the Determination ofBOD7in a Pulp and Paper Mill's Wastewaters

2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katri Roppola ◽  
Toivo Kuokkanen ◽  
Hannu Nurmesniemi ◽  
Jaakko Rämö ◽  
Risto Pöykiö ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
The Difference

The biological oxygen demand (BOD) test is widely used in many wastewater treatment plants. The conventional BOD tests are usually time-consuming and the results are often out of date for process control purposes. The aim of this research was to compare the manometric respirometric test with common chemical methods in the determination of BOD of wastewater from a pulp and paper mills as well as to evaluate theBOD7values of both wastewaters from the short-term respirometric measurements. The results showed that there were differences in theBOD7values of paper mill samples measured by conventional and respirometric methods. The main cause was found to be the dilution solution used in the conventional BOD tests. Using the same mineral solution in the respirometric measurements diminished the difference remarkably. Evaluation of theBOD7value after two or three days incubation was proved to work very well and the estimated results were close to measured values (deviations 1%–12%).

scholarly journals Performance assessment of activated carbon supported catalyst during catalytic wet oxidation of simulated pulping effluents generated from wood and bagasse based pulp and paper mills

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (16) ◽  
pp. 9754-9763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bholu Ram Yadav ◽  
Anurag Garg
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Supported Catalyst ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Wet Oxidation ◽  
Catalytic Wet Oxidation ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mills ◽  
Paper Mills

The present study reports the performance of catalytic wet oxidation (CWO) for the treatment of simulated pulping effluents (with chemical oxygen demand (COD) = 15 000 and 17 000 mg L−1) from large and small scale pulp and paper mills, respectively.

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