scholarly journals Coagulation and UF treatment of pulp and paper mill wastewater in comparison

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjana Simonič ◽  
Doroteja Vnučec
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mill ◽  
Polyaluminum Chloride ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Paper Mill Wastewater

AbstractA study using coagulation-flocculation and ultrafiltration (UF)methods for pulp and paper mills’ wastewater (WW)was carried out. The reduction efficiencies of turbidity and chemical oxygen demand (COD), the removal efficiency of total suspended solids (TSS) and absorbance at 254 nm were the main evaluating parameters. Using coagulation-flocculation, the efficiencies of alum and polyaluminum chloride (PACl)were studied, when used alone and when coupled with flocculant aids. During the coagulation-flocculation process, use of a single coagulant, the coagulant dosage, and the pH, play an important role in determining the coagulation efficiency. At the optimum PACl dosage of 840 mg L−1 and optimum pH of 9.0, turbidity reduction was found to be 94.5%. A combination of inorganic coagulant and flocculant, or polymer was applied, in which PACl was used coupled with the polyelectrolytes Organopol WPB20 and WPB40. PACl coupled with Organopol WPB20 by optimal pH 9 gave a 98.3% reduction of turbidity, 91.9% removal of TSS, and a 60.2% reduction in COD. Ultrafiltration trials were carried out on a pilot scale. A tubular module was used with ceramic membrane. This membrane is a multi-channel membrane with an active surface layer made of Al2O3 and ZrO2. Within the acidic range, the turbidity and TSS were removed at above 99%.

scholarly journals A review on bioremediation of pulp and paper mill effluent – An alternative to conventional remedial technologies

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 367-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangeeta Madan ◽  
Preeti Sachan ◽  
Utkarsh Singh
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mill ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Paper Mill Effluent ◽  
Paper Mill Effluents

At present, a large amount of water required for paper production and various chemicals has been identified in effluents, which is produced at different steps of paper making in paper mills. The pulp and paper industry is typically related to pollution difficulties related to high biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), colour, suspended solids, lignin and chlorinated compounds. Several studies have been made on eliminate these difficulties of pulp and paper effluents, the problem still continues. Although the physical and chemical methods are on the track of treatment, they are not on par with biological treatment because of cost ineffectiveness and residual effects. The biological treatment is known to be effective in reducing the organic load and toxic effects of paper mill effluents. Some microorganisms including bacteria and fungi have been involved in degrading the chemicals present in pulp and paper mill effluent. This article is an overview of the attempts made by several researchers worldwide to use biotechnological methods for degradation of the toxic compounds present in pulp and paper mill effluents by using fungi, bacteria, algae and enzymes. The current study clearly shows that application of native dominant bacterial and fungal isolates may be used forthe treatment of large pulp and paper mills effluents.

scholarly journals Integral indices for quality assessment of pulp and paper mill effluents

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantin Bogolitsyn ◽  
Maria Gusakova ◽  
Nina Samsonova ◽  
Natalia Selivanova ◽  
Alexsandra Pochtovalova
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mill ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mills ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Paper Mill Effluents ◽  
Northwest Region ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Characteristics

AbstractThe first part of this investigation studied complex nature of chemical oxygen demand (COD ) parameter on local and overall effluents, which were obtained from two pulp and paper mills, located in the Northwest region of Russia. Contribution of individual compounds and fractions of matters having different chemical nature to COD for these effluents was established. The second part of this study shows that, qualitative and quantitative characteristics of priority pollutants and their contribution to COD for different pulp and paper mills are not the same, though these mills use similar technologies and produce similar products.

scholarly journals Bioremediation of Agro-Based Pulp Mill Effluent by Microbial Consortium Comprising Autochthonous Bacteria

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virendra Kumar ◽  
Purnima Dhall ◽  
Rita Kumar ◽  
Yogendra Prakash Singh ◽  
Anil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Black Liquor ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Kraft Pulping ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mill ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Paper Mills

Small-scale agro-based pulp and paper mills are characterized as highly polluting industries. These mills use Kraft pulping process for paper manufacturing due to which toxic lignified chemicals are released into the environment. Lack of infrastructure, technical manpower, and research and development facilities restricts these mills to recover these chemicals. Therefore, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the emanating stream is quite high. For solving the above problem, four bacteria were isolated from the premises of agro-based pulp and paper mill which were identified as species ofPseudomonas, Bacillus, Pannonibacter, andOchrobacterum. These bacteria were found capable of reducing COD up to 85%–86.5% in case of back water and 65-66% in case of back water : black liquor (60 : 40), respectively, after acclimatization under optimized conditions (pH 6.8, temperature 35°C, and shaking 200 rpm) when the wastewater was supplemented with nitrogen and phosphorus as trace elements.

Kinetics of Wet Oxidation Reactions

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Verónica García-Molina ◽  
Jordi Barcardit ◽  
Juha Kallas ◽  
Santiago Esplugas
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Wet Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Reactions ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mill ◽  
Generalized Kinetic Model ◽  
Paper Mill Wastewater ◽  
Kinetics Of

AbstractIn this work the kinetics of Wet Oxidation reactions are taken under investigation. Two different types of wastewater were chosen, pulp and paper mill wastewater and model solutions containing 4-chlorophenol. Concerning Wet Oxidation of pulp and paper mill wastewater, two kinetic models were tested, the “Generalized Kinetic Model for Wet Oxidation of Organic Compounds” from Li, and the “Lumped Kinetic Model for Wastewater Organic Burden Biodegradability Prediction” proposed by Verenich and Kallas. The first model was found to be suitable to predict the COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) removal throughout the reaction when working at the lowest temperatures i.e., 433-443 K. On the other hand, the kinetic model of Verenich and Kallas was able to predict the biodegradability of the wastewater throughout the reaction in all ranges of temperatures studied (433-473 K). Regarding the kinetics of Wet Oxidation reactions of solutions containing 4-chlorophenol, a model was suggested taking into account the existence of an induction period previous to the oxidation in which the hydroxyl radicals are generated. This model showed good performance when predicting the 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) concentration during the reaction.

scholarly journals Treatment of pulp and paper mill effluent using low cost adsorbents: An overview

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 695-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaveta Kakkar ◽  
Anju Malik ◽  
Sanjeev Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mill ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Paper Mill Effluent ◽  
Adsorption Processes

In the present review, the suitability of adsorption process using low cost adsorbent for the treatment of pulp and paper mill effluent has been discussed. It is clear that adsorption processes are appropriate for the removal of recalcitrant compounds such as surfactants and pesticides, among others biodegradable or non-biodegradable compound present in pulp and paper mills effluents. The importance of the  adsorption is to improvement of the  removal of various physico- chemical (biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), colour, suspended solids, lignin), heavy metals (Cu, Cr, Fe, Zn, Ni and Mn etc) organochlorine compounds, all recalcitrant pollutant, reduce toxicity, enhance colour removal by using different cost effective adsorbents. The effective use of the different adsorbents developed from different adsorbent media such as activated carbon, agriculture by product and industrial wastes and sludge as adsorbents  for the removal of different pollutants from the various processes and operations of pulp and paper mill as potential alternatives to different treatment process and received widespread attention. Adsorption necessity is a novel treatment option to improve the efficiency of removal within the discharge limits of wastewaters into the receiving bodies without causing any damage of the environment. However, still there is a need to find out the practical usefulness of such low cost adsorbent at industrial scale with the special reference to metals.

scholarly journals Purification of pulp and paper mill effluent through Typha and Canna using constructed wetlands technology

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neetu Rani ◽  
R. C. Maheshwari ◽  
Vivek Kumar ◽  
V. K. Vijay
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mill ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Paper Mill Effluent ◽  
Paper Mill Wastewater

The use of constructed wetlands (CW) to treat domestic as well as industrial wastewater is rapidly emerging as a viable alternative in India. Constructed wetland systems offer several potential advantages as a wastewater treatment process. These advantages include simple operation and maintenance and lower construction and operating costs. The study evaluated the effectiveness of the subsurface flow constructed wetland for pulp and paper mill wastewater treatment and also the effectiveness of plant species. A pilot scale study was conducted to examine the feasibility of a CW system for treatment of pulp and paper mill wastewater during summers as well as winters at different hydraulic retention time (HRT) such as 1.5 days, 3.5 days and 6.5 days. Wetland beds were prepared with easily available plants such as Typha angustifolia and Canna indica. Specific performance objectives were to decrease biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total solids (TS) and color. Comparison of mean inlet and outlet concentrations showed that the CW system could effectively reduce the output of TS (87.6 ± 1.1%), COD (86.6 ± 2.0%), BOD5 (80.01 ± 0.1%), color (89.4 ± 0.6%) during summer and TS (72.15 ± 0.71%), COD (70.94 ± 2.3%), BOD5 (72.07 ± 2.2%) and color (74.90 ± 0.47%) during winter at 3.5 days HRT.

scholarly journals Cavitation as a Potential Technology for Wastewater Management – An Example of Enhanced Nutrient Release from Secondary Pulp and Paper Mill Sludge

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 641-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mija Sežun ◽  
Janez Kosel ◽  
Mojca Zupanc ◽  
Marko Hočevar ◽  
Janez Vrtovšek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Paper Industry ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Nutrient Release ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Hydrodynamic Cavitation ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mill ◽  
Paper Mill Sludge

Wastewater recycling and sludge removal in the paper industry account for about 60 % of all process costs. New and environmentally friendly wastewater treatment techniques are, therefore, continually being developed. Cavitation exploitation is currently a well-investigated topic that is also interesting for the paper production industry. This study investigates efficiency of hydrodynamic cavitation alone and in combination with the addition of NaOH for the treatment of secondary pulp and paper mill sludge in order to enhance nutrient release. First, two laboratory-scale devices were tested: the blow-through and the rotating hydrodynamic cavitation generator. The latter set-up proved to be more efficient: therefore, further experiments were performed on its pilot-scale version. The results showed an increase of soluble chemical oxygen demand (CODs) by 514 mg/L, total nitrogen (Nt) by 17.4 mg/L, and total phosphorous (Pt) by 2.3 mg/L. To further increase nutrient release combination of cavitation and sludge sample alkalinization was tested. The addition of NaOH and 30 min cavitation of secondary sludge (500 L) significantly improved CODs and Nt release by 2400 mg/L and 120 mg/L, respectively. Microbiological photos revealed a definite disintegration of sludge flocks. According to our estimates, 1.9 kg of released CODs from alkaline pre-treated and cavitated sludge would cost only one euro.

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