Glycerol Carbonate: A Novel Biosolvent with Strong Ionizing and Dissociating Powers
The activity of biocatalysts in nonaqueous solvents is related to the interaction of organic solvents with cells or enzymes. The behavior of proteins is strongly dependent on the protonation state of their ionizable groups, which ionization constants are greatly affected by the solvent. Due to the weak ionizing and dissociating powers of common organic solvents, the charge of the protein will change significantly when the protein is transferred from water to common organic solvents, resulting in protein denaturation. In this work, glycerol carbonate (GC) was synthesized, which ionizing and dissociating abilities were very close to those of water. Transesterification activities ofCandida antarcticalipase B (CALB) in GC were comparable to those in water and remained constant during 4-week storage.Bacillus subtilisandSaccharomyecs cerevisiaewere cultured in liquid media containing GC with test tubes. In the medium containing low GC concentration,Bacillus subtilisandSaccharomyecs cerevisiaegrew well as in a medium containing no organic solvent, but, in the medium containing high GC concentration, the growth ofBacillus subtilisandSaccharomyecs cerevisiaewas suppressed. The results suggested that GC is a potential biosolvent, which has great significance to biocatalysis in nonaqueous solvents.