scholarly journals Resting high frequency heart rate variability is not associated with the recognition of emotional facial expressions in healthy human adults

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brice Beffara ◽  
Nicolas Vermeulen ◽  
Martial Mermillod
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Vagal Activity ◽  
Emotional Facial Expressions ◽  
Polyvagal Theory ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Integration Model ◽  
Human Adults

This study explores whether the myelinated vagal connection between the heart and the brain is involved in emotion recognition. The Polyvagal theory postulates that the activity of the myelinated vagus nerve underlies socio-emotional skills. It has been proposed that the perception of emotions could be one of this skills dependent on heart-brain interactions. However, this assumption was differently supported by diverging results suggesting that it could be related to confounded factors. In the current study, we recorded the resting state vagal activity (reflected by High Frequency Heart Rate Variability, HF-HRV) of 77 (68 suitable for analysis) healthy human adults and measured their ability to identify dynamic emotional facial expressions. Results show that HF-HRV is not related to the recognition of emotional facial expressions in healthy human adults. We discuss this result in the frameworks of the polyvagal theory and the neurovisceral integration model.

Heart rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity are reduced in chronically undernourished, but otherwise healthy, human subjects

2003 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario VAZ ◽  
A.V. BHARATHI ◽  
S. SUCHARITA ◽  
D. NAZARETH
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Autonomic Nerve ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Frequency Power

Alterations in autonomic nerve activity in subjects in a chronically undernourished state have been proposed, but have been inadequately documented. The present study evaluated heart rate and systolic blood pressure variability in the frequency domain in two underweight groups, one of which was undernourished and recruited from the lower socio-economic strata [underweight, undernourished (UW/UN); n = 15], while the other was from a high class of socio-economic background [underweight, well nourished (UW/WN); n = 17], as well as in normal-weight controls [normal weight, well nourished (NW/WN); n = 27]. Baroreflex sensitivity, which is a determinant of heart rate variability, was also assessed. The data indicate that total power (0–0.4Hz), low-frequency power (0.04–0.15Hz) and high-frequency power (0.15–0.4Hz) of RR interval variability were significantly lower in the UW/UN subjects (P<0.05) than in the NW/WN controls when expressed in absolute units, but not when the low- and high-frequency components were normalized for total power. Baroreflex sensitivity was similarly lower in the UW/UN group (P<0.05). Heart rate variability parameters in the UW/WN group were generally between those of the UW/UN and NW/WN groups, but were not statistically different from either. The mechanisms that contribute to the observed differences between undernourished and normal-weight groups, and the implications of these differences, remain to be elucidated.

Heart Rate Variability Anatomy and Physiology

Biofeedback ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Shaffer ◽  
John Venner
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Polyvagal Theory ◽  
Integration Model ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Cardiovascular Rehabilitation ◽  
Resonance Frequency Breathing ◽  
Different Time Scales

Heart rate variability (HRV) is generated by the interaction of multiple regulatory mechanisms that operate on different time scales. This article examines the regulation of the heart, the meaning of HRV, Thayer and Lane's neurovisceral integration model, the sources of HRV, HRV frequency and time domain measurements, Porges's polyvagal theory, and resonance frequency breathing. The medical implications of HRV biofeedback for cardiovascular rehabilitation and inflammatory disorders are considered.

scholarly journals Resting vagal activity in schizophrenia: Meta-analysis of heart rate variability as a potential endophenotype

2016 ◽  
Vol 208 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika Clamor ◽  
Tania M. Lincoln ◽  
Julian F. Thayer ◽  
Julian Koenig
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Vagal Tone ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Vagal Activity ◽  
Healthy Controls

BackgroundCardiac vagal tone, indexed by heart rate variability (HRV), is a proxy for the functional integrity of feedback mechanisms integrating central and peripheral physiology.AimsTo quantify differences in HRV in individuals with schizophrenia compared with healthy controls.MethodDatabases were systematically searched for studies eligible for inclusion. Random effect meta-analyses of standardised mean differences were calculated for vagal activity indicated by high-frequency HRV and the root mean square of successive R–R interval differences (RMSSD).ResultsThirty-four studies were included. Significant main effects were found for high-frequency HRV (P = 0.0008; Hedges' g =–0.98, 95% CI −1.56 to −0.41, k = 29) and RMSSD (P<0.0001; g =–0.91, 95% CI −1.19 to −0.62, k = 24), indicating lower vagal activity in individuals with schizophrenia than in healthy controls. Considerable heterogeneity was evident but effects were robust in subsequent sensitivity analyses.ConclusionsGiven the association between low HRV, threat processing, emotion regulation and executive functioning, reduced vagal tone may be an endophenotype for the development of psychotic symptoms.

scholarly journals Is Low Heart Rate Variability Associated with Emotional Dysregulation, Psychopathological Dimensions, and Prefrontal Dysfunctions? An Integrative View

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 872
Author(s):  
Lorena Angela Cattaneo ◽  
Anna Chiara Franquillo ◽  
Alessandro Grecucci ◽  
Laura Beccia ◽  
Vincenzo Caretti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Emotional Dysregulation ◽  
Theoretical Ground ◽  
Polyvagal Theory ◽  
Integration Model ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Integrative View ◽  
Starting Point

Several studies have suggested a correlation between heart rate variability (HRV), emotion regulation (ER), psychopathological conditions, and cognitive functions in the past two decades. Specifically, recent data seem to support the hypothesis that low-frequency heart rate variability (LF-HRV), an index of sympathetic cardiac control, correlates with worse executive performances, worse ER, and specific psychopathological dimensions. The present work aims to review the previous findings on these topics and integrate them from two main cornerstones of this perspective: Porges’ Polyvagal Theory and Thayer and Lane’s Neurovisceral Integration Model, which are necessary to understand these associations better. For this reason, based on these two approaches, we point out that low HRV is associated with emotional dysregulation, worse cognitive performance, and transversal psychopathological conditions. We report studies that underline the importance of considering the heart-brain relation in order to shed light on the necessity to implement psychophysiology into a broader perspective on emotions, mental health, and good cognitive functioning. This integration is beneficial not only as a theoretical ground from which to start for further research studies but as a starting point for new theoretical perspectives useful in clinical practice.

Heart Rate Variability Indexes in Dementia: A Systematic Review with a Quantitative Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Pereira da Silva ◽  
Bruno Ribeiro Ramalho Oliveira ◽  
Roger Gomes Tavares Mello ◽  
Helena Moraes ◽  
Andrea Camaz Deslandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Autonomic Dysfunction ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Vagal Activity

Background: Decreased heart rate variability (HRV) indexes indicate low vagal activity and may be associated with development of dementia. The neurodegenerative process is associated with the cardiovascular autonomic control. Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the effect size (ES) magnitude of the HRV indexes in the evaluation of autonomic dysfunction in older persons with dementia. Methods: PubMed (Medline), Web of Science, Scopus, Scielo, Lilacs, and APA Psycnet were consulted. Complete original articles published in English or Portuguese, investigating the association between autonomic dysfunction and dementia, using the HRV indexes were included. Results: The search identified 97 potentially relevant articles. After screening the full text, eight articles were included in the qualitative analysis and six were included in the quantitative analysis. Almost all indexes showed a negative ES for all types of dementia and mild cognitive impairment. The most common frequency band of the power spectrum density function was the high frequency, which was reported by six studies. The meta-analysis of high frequency power in Alzheimer's disease group showed high heterogeneity and inconsistent results. Conclusion: The negative effect size suggests an autonomic dysfunction in all types of dementia as well as mild cognitive impairment. However, further analysis is necessary to support these results.

Use of opposing reflex stimuli and heart rate variability to examine the effects of lipophilic and hydrophilic β-blockers on human cardiac vagal control

1999 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 585-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian C. VAILE ◽  
Janine FLETCHER ◽  
Muzahim AL-ANI ◽  
Hamish F. ROSS ◽  
William A. LITTLER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Vagal Activity ◽  
Blocker Therapy ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Trigeminal Stimulation ◽  
Β Blocker ◽  
Β Blockers

Evidence from animal studies suggests that β-blockers can act within the central nervous system to increase cardiac vagal motoneuron activity. We have attempted to determine whether such an effect is evident in healthy humans, by examining the effects of lipophilic and hydrophilic agents on heart rate variability and cardiac vagal reflexes. A total of 20 healthy volunteers took part in the study. Autonomic studies were performed after 72 h of treatment with placebo, atenolol or metoprolol in a blinded cross-over design. ECG recordings were taken at rest and during mental and orthostatic stress. Heart rate variability was measured in the time and frequency domains. The effects on heart rate of two opposing cardiac vagal reflexes were examined. Trigeminal stimulation causing vagal stimulation, and isometric forearm muscle contraction (‘muscle heart reflex’) causing vagal inhibition, were performed alone and simultaneously. At rest, during mental stress and during trigeminal stimulation, β-blocker therapy was associated with significantly increased high-frequency beat-to-beat heart rate variability when compared with placebo. There were no significant differences in effects on heart rate or heart rate variability between atenolol and metoprolol. Analysis of the muscle heart reflex, alone and with simultaneous trigeminal stimulation, showed that the magnitude of the R–R interval response was significantly greater after β-blocker therapy compared with placebo, but the effects of atenolol and metoprolol were equivalent. β-Blocker therapy increased cardiac vagal activity, as shown by measures of high-frequency heart rate variability and reflex studies. Lipophilic and hydrophilic β-blockers appeared to be equally efficacious in increasing the cardiac vagal modulation of heart rate.

scholarly journals Can we test the influence of prosociality on high frequency heart rate variability? A double-blind sham-controlled approach

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brice Beffara ◽  
Martial Mermillod ◽  
Nicolas Vermeulen
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Polyvagal Theory ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Social Closeness ◽  
Interaction Factor ◽  
Physiological Flexibility

The polyvagal theory (Porges, 2007) proposes that physiological flexibility dependent on heart- brain interactions is associated with prosociality. So far, whether prosociality has a causal effect on physiological flexibility is unknown. Previous studies present mitigated results on this matter. In a randomized double-blind protocol, we used a generation of social closeness procedure against a standardized control condition in order to manipulate social affiliation as a prosocial interaction factor. High frequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV, indexing physiological flexibility), electromyographical activity of the corrugator supercilii (sensitive to the valence of the interaction) and self-reported measure of social closeness were monitored before, during, and after experimental manipulation. Cooperation was measured after the experimental manipulation as an index of behavioral prosociality. Data reveal no evidence toward and effect of the experimental manipulation on these measures. We discuss methodological aspects related to the experimental constraints observed in social psychophysiology. Implications for the experimental test of the polyvagal theory are approached within alternative theoretical frameworks.

scholarly journals Heart rate variability in women with essential hypertension under exposure of regular moderate physical training

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 61-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuriy N Smolyakov ◽  
Boris I Kuznik ◽  
Ekaterina S Guseva ◽  
Sergey O Davydov
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Vagal Activity ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
Respiratory Movements

The task of the study was to elucidate the effect of moderate exercise on heart rate variability (HRV) in women who regularly take kinesitherapy courses. Materials and methods. Studies were conducted on 72 women with essential hypertension (EH), divided into 2 subgroups: first (EH-1) included 37 women suffering from stage II EH and under medical therapy, the second (EH-2) consisted of patients who underwent along with medication treatment, regular courses of kinesitherapy. To evaluate the characteristics of HRV, a photoplethysmography method was used. The following indicators were used: SDRR is the standard deviation of all cardiointervals, RMSSD is the square root of the average sum of squares of cardiointerval differences, LF - is the oscillation power in the low frequency range, due to the activity of the sympathetic section, HF - is the power in the high frequency range, associated with respiratory movements and caused by vagal activity, LF/HF - is the power ratio, reflecting sympathetic balance, CVI - nonlinear parasympathetic index, CSI - nonlinear sympathetic index. Results. It was established that the average heart rate in women of both groups is approximately the same, while all other indicators (with the exception of LF/HF and CSI) were significantly higher in patients EH-2 group. In patients EH-2 group, there is a significantly larger value of SDRR, RMSSD, LF, HF. In the frequency analysis, no increase in the total power of cardiointerval oscillations and autonomic balance (LF/HF) was detected. A pronounced increase in the nonlinear parasympathetic index (CVI) has been shown, while the sympathetic index (CSI) remained unchanged. Conclusion. Regular use of kinesitherapy courses helps to increase the tone of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system, which is significantly depressed in EH.

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