scholarly journals Long-term single-cell imaging and simulations of microtubules reveal driving forces for wall pattering during proto-xylem development

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
René Schneider ◽  
Kris van ’t Klooster ◽  
Kelsey Picard ◽  
Jasper van der Gucht ◽  
Taku Demura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Formation ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Live Cell Imaging ◽  
Cell Imaging ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Microtubule Organization ◽  
Single Cell Imaging ◽  
Local Recruitment

ABSTRACTPlants are the tallest organisms on Earth; a feature sustained by solute-transporting xylem vessels in the plant vasculature. The xylem vessels are supported by strong cell walls that are assembled in intricate patterns. Cortical microtubules direct wall deposition and need to rapidly re-organize during xylem cell development. We established long-term live-cell imaging of single Arabidopsis cells undergoing proto-xylem trans-differentiation, resulting in spiral wall patterns, to investigate the microtubule re-organization. The initial disperse microtubule array rapidly readjusted into well-defined microtubule bands, which required local de-stabilization of individual microtubules in band-interspersing gap regions. Using extensive microtubule simulations, we could recapitulate the process in silico and found that local recruitment of microtubule-bound nucleation is critical for pattern formation, which we confirmed in vivo. Our simulations further indicated that the initial microtubule alignment impact microtubule band patterning. We confirmed this prediction using katanin mutants, which have microtubule organization defects, and uncovered active KATANIN recruitment to the forming microtubule bands. Our combination of quantitative microscopy and modelling outlines a framework towards a comprehensive understanding of microtubule re-organization during wall pattern formation.

scholarly journals Long-term single-cell imaging and simulations of microtubules reveal principles behind wall patterning during proto-xylem development

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
René Schneider ◽  
Kris van’t Klooster ◽  
Kelsey L. Picard ◽  
Jasper van der Gucht ◽  
Taku Demura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Live Cell Imaging ◽  
Cell Imaging ◽  
Live Cell ◽  
Quantitative Microscopy ◽  
Microtubule Severing ◽  
Single Cell Imaging ◽  
Spatio Temporal

AbstractPlants are the tallest organisms on Earth; a feature sustained by solute-transporting xylem vessels in the plant vasculature. The xylem vessels are supported by strong cell walls that are assembled in intricate patterns. Cortical microtubules direct wall deposition and need to rapidly re-organize during xylem cell development. Here, we establish long-term live-cell imaging of single Arabidopsis cells undergoing proto-xylem trans-differentiation, resulting in spiral wall patterns, to understand microtubule re-organization. We find that the re-organization requires local microtubule de-stabilization in band-interspersing gaps. Using microtubule simulations, we recapitulate the process in silico and predict that spatio-temporal control of microtubule nucleation is critical for pattern formation, which we confirm in vivo. By combining simulations and live-cell imaging we further explain how the xylem wall-deficient and microtubule-severing KATANIN contributes to microtubule and wall patterning. Hence, by combining quantitative microscopy and modelling we devise a framework to understand how microtubule re-organization supports wall patterning.

Microglia turnover with aging and in an Alzheimer's model via long-term in vivo single-cell imaging

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 1371-1376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Füger ◽  
Jasmin K Hefendehl ◽  
Karthik Veeraraghavalu ◽  
Ann-Christin Wendeln ◽  
Christine Schlosser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Cell Imaging ◽  
Single Cell Imaging

scholarly journals Live‐Cell Imaging: Time‐Gated FRET Nanoprobes for Autofluorescence‐Free Long‐Term In Vivo Imaging of Developing Zebrafish (Adv. Mater. 39/2020)

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (39) ◽  
pp. 2070291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelina Cardoso Dos Santos ◽  
Ingrid Colin ◽  
Gabriel Ribeiro Dos Santos ◽  
Kimihiro Susumu ◽  
Michaël Demarque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Live Cell Imaging ◽  
Cell Imaging ◽  
Live Cell ◽  
Imaging Time

scholarly journals Understanding cell fate control by continuous single-cell quantification

Blood ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (13) ◽  
pp. 1406-1414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Loeffler ◽  
Timm Schroeder
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Cell Imaging ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Molecular Processes ◽  
Cell Fate Decisions ◽  
Single Cell Imaging

Abstract Cells and the molecular processes underlying their behavior are highly dynamic. Understanding these dynamic biological processes requires noninvasive continuous quantitative single-cell observations, instead of population-based average or single-cell snapshot analysis. Ideally, single-cell dynamics are measured long-term in vivo; however, despite progress in recent years, technical limitations still prevent such studies. On the other hand, in vitro studies have proven to be useful for answering long-standing questions. Although technically still demanding, long-term single-cell imaging and tracking in vitro have become valuable tools to elucidate dynamic molecular processes and mechanisms, especially in rare and heterogeneous populations. Here, we review how continuous quantitative single-cell imaging of hematopoietic cells has been used to solve decades-long controversies. Because aberrant cell fate decisions are at the heart of tissue degeneration and disease, we argue that studying their molecular dynamics using quantitative single-cell imaging will also improve our understanding of these processes and lead to new strategies for therapies.

New Approaches to Analyse Axon-Oligodendrocyte Communication in vivo

e-Neuroforum ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Czopka ◽  
Franziska Auer
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Live Cell Imaging ◽  
Cell Imaging ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Myelinated Axon ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Open Questions

AbstractA major challenge for understanding our nervous system is to elucidate how its constituting cells coordinate each other to form and maintain a functional organ. The interaction between neurons and oligodendrocytes represents a unique cellular entity. Oligodendrocytes myelinate axons by tightly ensheathing them. Myelination regulates speed of signal transduction, thus communication between neurons, and supports long-term axonal health. Despite their importance, we still have large gaps in our understanding of the mechanisms underlying myelinated axon formation, remodelling and repair. Zebrafish represent an increasingly popular model organism, particularly due to their suitability for live cell imaging and genetic manipulation. Here, we provide an overview about this research area, describe how zebrafish have helped understanding mechanisms of myelination, and discuss how zebrafish may help addressing open questions related to the control of axon-oligodendrocyte interactions.

scholarly journals Oxygenated graphene quantum dots (GQDs) synthesized using laser ablation for long-term real-time tracking and imaging

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (85) ◽  
pp. 53822-53829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwin Kumar Narasimhan ◽  
Swathi Lakshmi B ◽  
Tuhin Subhra Santra ◽  
M. S. Ramachandra Rao ◽  
Ganapathy Krishnamurthi
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Fluorescence Imaging ◽  
Live Cell Imaging ◽  
Cell Imaging ◽  
Graphene Quantum Dots ◽  
Real Time Tracking

Synthesis of graphene quantom dots for single live cell imaging andin vivofluorescence imaging.

scholarly journals A Decade of Imaging Cellular Motility and Interaction Dynamics in the Immune System

Science ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 336 (6089) ◽  
pp. 1676-1681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald N. Germain ◽  
Ellen A. Robey ◽  
Michael D. Cahalan
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Live Cell Imaging ◽  
Quantitative Measurement ◽  
Cell Imaging ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Effector T Cells ◽  
Cellular Interactions ◽  
Cellular Motility ◽  
Response Dynamics

To mount an immune response, lymphocytes must recirculate between the blood and lymph nodes, recognize antigens upon contact with specialized presenting cells, proliferate to expand a small number of clonally relevant lymphocytes, differentiate to antibody-producing plasma cells or effector T cells, exit from lymph nodes, migrate to tissues, and engage in host-protective activities. All of these processes involve motility and cellular interactions—events that were hidden from view until recently. Introduced to immunology by three papers in this journal in 2002, in vivo live-cell imaging studies are revealing the behavior of cells mediating adaptive and innate immunity in diverse tissue environments, providing quantitative measurement of cellular motility, interactions, and response dynamics. Here, we review themes emerging from such studies and speculate on the future of immunoimaging.

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