Gut microbiome, diet and symptom interactions in irritable bowel syndrome

AbstractWhile several studies have documented associations between dietary habits and microbiota composition and function in healthy subjects, no study explored these associations in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and especially in relation to symptoms. Here, we used a novel approach that combined data from 4-day food diary, integrated into a food tree, together with gut microbiota (shotgun metagenomic) for IBS patients (N=149) and healthy subjects (N=52). Paired microbiota and food-based trees allowed to detect new association between subspecies and diet. Combining co-inertia analysis and linear regression models, exhaled gas levels and symptom severity could be predicted from metagenomic and dietary data. IBS patients with severe symptoms had a diet enriched in food items of poorer quality, a high abundance of gut microbial enzymes involved in hydrogen metabolism in correlation with animal carbohydrate (mucin/meat-derived) metabolism. Our study provides unprecedented resolution of diet-microbiota-symptom interactions and ultimately paves the way for personalized nutritional recommendations.

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Diet and gut microbiome interactions of relevance for symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome

Microbiome ◽

10.1186/s40168-021-01018-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Julien Tap ◽

Stine Störsrud ◽

Boris Le Nevé ◽

Aurélie Cotillard ◽

Nicolas Pons ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Gut Microbiome ◽

Symptom Severity ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Food Diary ◽

New Associations ◽

Irritable Bowel

Abstract Background While several studies have documented associations between dietary habits and microbiota composition and function in healthy individuals, no study explored these associations in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and especially with symptoms. Methods Here, we used a novel approach that combined data from a 4-day food diary, integrated into a food tree, together with gut microbiota (shotgun metagenomic) for individuals with IBS (N = 149) and healthy controls (N = 52). Paired microbiota and food-based trees allowed us to detect new associations between subspecies and diet. Combining co-inertia analysis and linear regression models, exhaled gas levels and symptom severity could be predicted from metagenomic and dietary data. Results We showed that individuals with severe IBS are characterized by a higher intake of poorer-quality food items during their main meals. Our analysis suggested that covariations between gut microbiota at subspecies level and diet could be explained with IBS symptom severity, exhaled gas, glycan metabolism, and meat/plant ratio. We provided evidence that IBS severity is associated with altered gut microbiota hydrogen function in correlation with microbiota enzymes involved in animal carbohydrate metabolism. Conclusions Our study provides an unprecedented resolution of diet-microbiota-symptom interactions and ultimately guides new interventional studies that aim to identify gut microbiome-based nutritional recommendations for the management of gastrointestinal symptoms. Trial registration This trial was registered on the ClinicalTrials.gov, with the registration number NCT01252550, on 3rd December 2010.

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Association between Dietary Habits and Fecal Microbiota Composition in Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients: A Pilot Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13051479 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 1479

Author(s):

Annamaria Altomare ◽

Federica Del Chierico ◽

Giulia Rocchi ◽

Sara Emerenziani ◽

Chiara Nuglio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Nutrient Intake ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Fecal Microbiota ◽

Food Diary ◽

Linear Discriminant ◽

Intestinal Dysbiosis ◽

Microbial Biomarkers ◽

Irritable Bowel

Intestinal dysbiosis seems to play a role in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The present pilot study aimed to elucidate the association between nutrient intake and Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence with IBS symptoms and gut microbiota in IBS patients. The nutrient intake of 28 IBS patients and 21 controls was assessed through a food diary, the reference intake ranges (RIs) for energy-yielding macronutrients and the MD serving score (MDSS) index. MD adherence and nutrients intake were compared to IBS symptoms and fecal microbiota, obtained by 16S rRNA targeted-metagenomics. In IBS patients MDSS index was altered compared to controls (p < 0.01). IBS patients with low-MD score reported severe abdominal pain and higher flatulence point-scales. Through Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe), Erysipelotrichaceae were detected as a microbial biomarker in IBS patients with altered RIs for macronutrients intake, compared to controls. Lactobacillaceae and Lactobacillus were associated to an altered carbohydrates intake in IBS patients, while specific taxonomic biomarkers, such as Aldercreuzia, Mogibacteriaceae, Rikenellaceae, Parabacteroides and F. prausnitzii were associated with an adequate intake of nutrient in these patients. This study supports an association between dietary patterns and gut microbial biomarkers in IBS patients. Further investigations are needed to clarify these connections.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of The fecal microbiota of irritable bowel syndrome patients differs significantly from that of healthy subjects.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1088517.544823 ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

Greger Lindberg

Keyword(s):

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Fecal Microbiota ◽

Irritable Bowel

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On the Pathogenesis of the Irritable Bowel Syndrome: The Irritable Bowel or the Irritable Patient?

Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology ◽

10.1155/1990/715236 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 33-38

Author(s):

Stephen M Collins

Keyword(s):

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Behavioural Problem ◽

Pain Tolerance ◽

Organic Disease ◽

Gastrointestinal Dysfunction ◽

Traditional Philosophy ◽

Irritable Bowel ◽

Experience Pain

The traditional perspective of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) as a behavioural problem has tended to downplay the role of gastrointestinal dysfunction. Contrary to predictions based on the traditional philosophy, a recent study has shown that IBS patients have increased pain tolerance compared to healthy subjects. This profile of pain tolerance is similar to that seen in chronic organic disease of the gut (eg, Crohn's disease), raising the possibility that IBS patients may experience pain resulting from gastrointestinal dysfunction. The recent finding of increased airway responsiveness to inhaled methacholine in certain IBS patients provides an objective and quantifiable measurement of tissue dysfunction in that syndrome, and focuses attention on possible mechanisms underlying the altered responsiveness of hollow organs in patients with IBS; these mechanisms are discussed.

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Irritable bowel syndrome: new insights into symptom mechanisms and advances in treatment

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.7992.1 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. 780 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Robin Spiller

Keyword(s):

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

New Agents ◽

Enteric Nerves ◽

Inflammatory Bowel ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Irritable Bowel ◽

Fodmap Diet ◽

And Function ◽

The Impact

Despite being one of the most common conditions leading to gastroenterological referral, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is poorly understood. However, recent years have seen major advances. These include new understanding of the role of both inflammation and altered microbiota as well as the impact of dietary intolerances as illuminated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which has thrown new light on IBS. This article will review new data on how excessive bile acid secretion mediates diarrhea and evidence from post infectious IBS which has shown how gut inflammation can alter gut microbiota and function. Studies of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have also shown that even when inflammation is in remission, the altered enteric nerves and abnormal microbiota can generate IBS-like symptoms. The efficacy of the low FODMAP diet as a treatment for bloating, flatulence, and abdominal discomfort has been demonstrated by randomized controlled trials. MRI studies, which can quantify intestinal volumes, have provided new insights into how FODMAPs cause symptoms. This article will focus on these areas together with recent trials of new agents, which this author believes will alter clinical practice within the foreseeable future.

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Role of Panchamooladya Choorna in Grahani Roga (irritable bowel syndrome)-pilot study

Ayurline: International Journal of Research in Indian Medicine ◽

10.52482/ayurline.v4i06.463 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (06) ◽

Author(s):

Akshaya Patil

Keyword(s):

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Modern Medicine ◽

Disturbed Sleep ◽

Principal Factors ◽

Group A ◽

Irritable Bowel ◽

Group B

Lifestyle disorders like unhealthy dietary habits, physical habits, disturbed sleep and rest patterns are the principal factors that cause many digestion related disease. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is also one such disease which occurs due to the ingestion of unwholesome diet causing disturbances in Agni. According to Ayurvedic science, this disease can be considered as a Grahani roga. So we may consider IBS as Grahani roga. Various herbal medications and panchakarma (biopurification) procedures are described in the treatment of Grahani roga though there is no reliable medical treatment for IBS in modern medicine; various efforts have been made to overcome this problem by the virtue of Ayurvedic therapy. The present study was done to assess the efficacy of Panchmooladya choorna with Takra(buttermilk) as anupan in Group A(10Patients) and Group B(10Patients)with luke warm water as anupan in management of Grahani roga in total of 20patients.The results of therapy were assessed by various parameters after 1month with follow up of 15days.The result concluded that Panchmooladya choorna with Takra as anupan reduced the symptoms of Grahani rog as compared to Group B.

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