scholarly journals Epidemiological investigation and intergenerational clinical characteristics of 24 COVID-19 patients associated with supermarket cluster

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suochen Tian ◽  
Min Wu ◽  
Zhenqin Chang ◽  
Yunxia Wang ◽  
Guijie Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Release Form

AbstractObjectiveTo analyze the epidemiological and intergenerational clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients associated with cluster, so as to understand the rules of the patients associated with cluster of this outbreak and provide help for the prevention and control of COVID-19.MethodsAll close contacts of the patient were screened since the first supermarket employee with COVID-19 was identified. A retrospective analysis was made on the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the confirmed cases admitted to the designated hospitals for centralized treatment. The patients were divided into two groups according to the first generation (supermarket employees, group A) and the second or third generation (family members or friends of supermarket employees, group B), and the similarities and differences between the two groups were compared.ResultsA total of 24 COVID-19 patients were diagnosed, with an average age of 48 ±1.73 years. The mean duration from onset to release form quarantine was 21.04± 6.77 days, and the onset time was concentrated in 5-11 days after the first patient was diagnosed. Among all the patients, 23 patients were moderate, among which 7 patients (29.17%) were asymptomatic. Symptoms of symptomatic patients were cough (75.00%), low fever (62.50%), shortness of breath (41.67%), sore throat (25.00%), gastrointestinal symptoms (25.00%), fatigue (20.83%), etc. Biochemical examination on admission showed that the white blood cell count < 4.0×109/L (29.17%) and the lymphocyte count <1.1×109/L (58.33%). The lymphocyte count of 50.00% of the patients was ≤ 0.6 × 109/L. On admission, chest CT showed pneumonia (100%) with bilateral infiltration (75.00%). Treatment: antiviral drug (100%), Chinese medicine (100%), common oxygen therapy (45.83%). There were 11 cases in group A (first generation, 11 cases) and 13 cases in group B (second generation, 11 cases; third generation, 2 cases). In group B, there were more males, from onset to admission later, more patients had underlying diseases, and more patients were treated with albumin (P<0.05). However, there was no statistical difference between the two groups in other clinical indicators, including the duration from onset to release form quarantine(P>0.05). There was no improvement in granulocyte count in all patients, as well as in groups A and B, between admission and release from quarantine(P>0.05).ConclusionThe clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients associated with cluster were similar to those of other COVID-19 patients, but there were some special features. The severity of the disease was similar and there was intergenerational spread. There was no difference in clinical characteristics between generations. Asymptomatic infections occurred in a proportion of patients and could cause spread.

scholarly journals Epidemiological investigation and intergenerational clinical characteristics of 24 coronavirus disease patients associated with a supermarket cluster: a retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suochen Tian ◽  
Min Wu ◽  
Zhenqin Chang ◽  
Yunxia Wang ◽  
Guijie Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Index Patient ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
First Case ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Abstract Background In view of the ongoing coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, it remains unclear whether the severity of illness and time interval from symptom onset to release from quarantine differ between cases that originated from clusters and cases reported in other areas. This study aimed to assess epidemiological and intergenerational clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients associated with cluster outbreaks to provide valuable data for the prevention and control of COVID-19. Methods We identified the first employee with COVID-19 at a supermarket and screened the close contacts of this index patient. Confirmed cases were divided into two groups according to the generation (first generation comprising supermarket employees [group A] and second or third generations comprising family members or friends of the supermarket employees [group B]). The epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the two groups were retrospectively compared. Results A total of 8437 people were screened, and 24 COVID-19 patients were identified. Seven patients (29.2%) were asymptomatic; three patients were responsible for six symptomatic cases. The interval from the confirmation of the first case to symptom onset in symptomatic patients was 5–11 days. The clinical manifestations of symptomatic patients upon admission were non-specific. All patients (including the seven asymptomatic patients) were admitted based on chest computed tomography features indicative of pneumonia. There were 11 cases in group A (first generation) and 13 cases in group B (second generation, 11 cases; third generation, 2 cases), with no significant differences in clinical and epidemiological characteristics between the two groups, except for sex, duration from symptom onset to hospitalization, and underlying disease (P > 0.05). Conclusions For cluster outbreaks, it is important to comprehensively screen close the contacts of the index patient. Special attention should be paid to asymptomatic cases. The clinical management of cluster patients is similar to that of other COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals Perbandingan Efek Pemberian Emulsi Kedelai dan Emulsi Tempe Terhadap Hitung Limfosit Total pada Tikus Putih yang Telah Diberi Prednison

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Rizka Bekti Nurcahyani ◽  
Imelda T Pardede ◽  
Huriatul Masdar
Keyword(s):  
Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Total Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Adequate Nutrition ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Total Lymphocyte ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Adequate nutrition is one of important factors in immunodeficiency repairment. Soybean and tempeh contains proteins,zinc, ferrum, vitamins and isoflavon. Fermentation in tempeh makes it having better nutrients digestion and absorptionthan soybean. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of soy and tempeh emulsions on total lymphocytecount in rats treated with prednisone. The test was done on 24 male white rats divided into four groups. Group A wasgiven distilled water and group B, C and D had prednisone 2.5 mg/day for 6 days. After that, group A and B werecontinued having distilled water while groups C or D was fed with soy or tempeh emulsion 0.71 mL/day for 10 days,respectively. The results shown that soy and tempeh emulsion could increase total lymphocyte count significantly (p <0,05) but there was no significant difference of total lymphocyte count between soy and tempeh emulsion groups (p >0,05).

scholarly journals Age-related differences in clinical characteristics of invasive group G streptococcal infection: Comparison with group A and group B streptococcal infections

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. e0211786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Fujiya ◽  
Kayoko Hayakawa ◽  
Yoshiaki Gu ◽  
Kei Yamamoto ◽  
Momoko Mawatari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Streptococcal Infection ◽  
Streptococcal Infections ◽  
Invasive Group ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

scholarly journals Effect of intranasal recombinant Mannheimia haemolytica vaccination on some haematological indices of goats infected with peste des petits ruminants virus

1970 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
OZ Tenuche ◽  
BO Emikpe
Keyword(s):  
Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Mannheimia Haemolytica ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Peste Des Petits Ruminants ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Group A ◽  
Haematological Changes ◽  
Ppr Virus ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

There is dearth of information on the haematological changes associated with Mannheimia haemolytica vaccination in goats, hence this report which describes some haematological changes observed following vaccination with intranasal Recombinant Mannheimia haemolytica vaccine in goats naturally infected with peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus. Twenty one (male, n=11; and female, n=10) goats were assigned to three vaccinated groups (A, B and D) with five goats per group (male: 3, female: 2), while the control group had 6 goats. Group A was vaccinated once intranasally, group B was vaccinated intranasally twice at one week interval and group D was vaccinated intranasally twice at two weeks interval . The control group (C) was not vaccinated. The vaccinated and control groups were challenged by comingling with pneumonic goats to simulate the field experience. PPR virus infection was later diagnosed in all the groups post vaccination. An average of four animals per treatment group in post-vaccination days were bled once weekly for six weeks (every week) to evaluate some haematological changes. The PCV values were within the normal range, while there was a decline in lymphocyte count at week 5, and a steady increase in neutrophil count in group A. In Group B, there was similar decline in lymphocyte count from the sixth week, while in groups C (Control) and D, the lymphocyte count declined at the 7th week, as the neutrophil counts increased. There were no significant changes in monocyte and eosinophil counts. The degree of changes in lymphocyte and neutrophil counts was mild in group B and marked in group D. This study revealed that intranasal vaccination of recombinant Mannheimia  haemolytica vaccine in the presence of PPR virus outbreak results in mild hematological derangement when the goats were vaccinated with  Mannheimia haemolytica bacterin at a week interval.Keywords: Goats, Haematology, Intranasal Recombinant Mannheimia haemolytica, Peste des Petits Ruminants, Vaccination

scholarly journals Role of enteric pathogens in the aetiology of neonatal diarrhoea in lambs and goat kids in Spain

1996 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Muñoz ◽  
M. Álvarez ◽  
I. Lanza ◽  
P. Cármenes
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Enteric Pathogens ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Neonatal Diarrhoea ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

SummaryFaeces samples from diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic lambs and goat kids aged 1–45 days were examined for enteric pathogens.Cryptosporidium parvumwas detected in both diarrhoeic lambs (45%) and goat kids (42%) but not in non-diarrhoeic animals. F5+(K99+) and/or F41+Escherichia colistrains were isolated from 26% and 22% of the diarrhoeic lambs and goat kids, respectively, although these strains, which did not produce enterotoxins ST I or LT I, were found with similar frequencies in non-diarrhoeic animals. A F5−F41−ST I+E. colistrain was isolated from a diarrhoeic lamb (0·6%). VerotoxigenicE. coliwas isolated from both diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic lambs (4·1% and 8·2%, respectively) and there was no association between infection and diarrhoea. The prevalence of group A rotavirus infection in diarrhoeic lambs was very low (2·1%). Groups A and B rotaviruses were detected in three (8·1%) and five (13·5%) diarrhoeic goat kids from two single outbreaks. Group C rotaviruses were detected in four non-diarrhoeic goat kids. An association of diarrhoea and infection was demonstrated only for group B rotavirus.Clostridium perfringenswas isolated from 10·8% of the diarrhoeic goat kids but not from non-diarrhoeic goat kids or lambs.Salmonella arizonaewas isolated from a diarrhoeic goat kid (2·7%) and the clinical characteristics of the outbreaks where these two latter enteropathogens were found different from the rest. Picobirnaviruses were detected in a diarrhoeic lamb. No coronaviruses were detected using a bovine coronavirus ELISA. No evidence was found of synergistic effect between the agents studied. Enteric pathogens were not found in four (8·7%) and three (20%) outbreaks of diarrhoea in lambs and goat kids, respectively.

scholarly journals 40 days and 40 nights: Clinical characteristics of major trauma and orthopaedic injury comparing the incubation and lockdown phases of COVID-19 infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 330-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bisola Ajayi ◽  
Alex Trompeter ◽  
Magnus Arnander ◽  
Philip Sedgwick ◽  
Darren F. Lui
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Major Trauma ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Trauma Centre ◽  
Orthopaedic Patients ◽  
Major Trauma Centre ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Uk

Aims The first death in the UK caused by COVID-19 occurred on 5 March 2020. We aim to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of major trauma and orthopaedic patients admitted in the early COVID-19 era. Methods A prospective trauma registry was reviewed at a Level 1 Major Trauma Centre. We divided patients into Group A, 40 days prior to 5 March 2020, and into Group B, 40 days after. Results A total of 657 consecutive trauma and orthopaedic patients were identified with a mean age of 55 years (8 to 98; standard deviation (SD) 22.52) and 393 (59.8%) were males. In all, 344 (approximately 50%) of admissions were major trauma. Group A had 421 patients, decreasing to 236 patients in Group B (36%). Mechanism of injury (MOI) was commonly a fall in 351 (52.4%) patients, but road traffic accidents (RTAs) increased from 56 (13.3%) in group A to 51 (21.6%) in group B (p = 0.030). ICU admissions decreased from 26 (6.2%) in group A to 5 (2.1%) in group B. Overall, 39 patients tested positive for COVID-19 with mean age of 73 years (28 to 98; SD 17.99) and 22 (56.4%) males. Common symptoms were dyspnoea, dry cough, and pyrexia. Of these patients, 27 (69.2%) were nosocomial infections and two (5.1%) of these patients required intensive care unit (ICU) admission with 8/39 mortality (20.5%). Of the patients who died, 50% were older and had underlying comorbidities (hypertension and cardiovascular disease, dementia, arthritis). Conclusion Trauma admissions decreased in the lockdown phase with an increased incidence of RTAs. Nosocomial infection was common in 27 (69.2%) of those with COVID-19. Symptoms and comorbidities were consistent with previous reports with noted inclusion of dementia and arthritis. The mortality rate of trauma and COVID-19 was 20.5%, mainly in octogenarians, and COVID-19 surgical mortality was 15.4%. Cite this article: Bone Joint Open 2020;1-7:330–338.

scholarly journals Heterogeneity analysis of COVID - 19 clinical phenotype in Wuhan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Yin ◽  
Jiao Xie ◽  
Jixian Zhang ◽  
Zhen Fu ◽  
Wangcai Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Group A ◽  
Missed Diagnosis ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
Loss Of Appetite ◽  
Group D

Abstract BackgroundSince the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), some studies reported the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients in hospital. However, these studies did not investigate the clinical symptoms heterogeneity of COVID-19 patients in the outpatient. This study aimed to describe the heterogeneity of clinical characteristics of outpatient COVID-19 patients.MethodsCOVID-19 patients visiting the respiratory outpatient department of our hospital from January 1st to February 28st 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Based on the complaints, the patients were classified into four groups including group A (patients without symptoms), group B (patients with fever), group C (patients with respiratory symptoms but without fever), and group D (patients with extra-respiratory symptoms but without fever). The difference of clinical characteristics, basic diseases, laboratory examination of outpatient, characteristics of chest CT imaging among all the groups were analyzed and compared.ResultsA total of 309 COVID-19 patients were included with 126 men and 183 women. The common symptoms included fatigue (59.87%, 95% CI: 54.17-65.38%), loss of appetite (51.13%, 95% CI: 45.41-56.83%), fever (50.81%, 95% CI: 45.09-56.51%), muscle soreness (41.42%, 95% CI:35.88-47.14%), and dry cough (35.28%, 95% CI:29.95-40.89%). The percentages of group A to group D were 2.91%, 50.81%, 18.12%, and 28.16%, respectively. The most common symptoms in Group D included fatigue, loss of appetite, muscle soreness. ConclusionThe heterogeneity of clinical symptoms for COVID-19 patients in the outpatient is significant. We should pay attention to patients without symptoms or those with only extra-respiratory symptoms, who are prone to missed diagnosis.

scholarly journals 40 days and 40 nights: Clinical characteristics of major trauma and orthopaedic injury comparing the incubation and lockdown phases of COVID-19 infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 330-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bisola Ajayi ◽  
Alex Trompeter ◽  
Magnus Arnander ◽  
Philip Sedgwick ◽  
Darren F. Lui
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Major Trauma ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Trauma Centre ◽  
Orthopaedic Patients ◽  
Major Trauma Centre ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Uk

Aims The first death in the UK caused by COVID-19 occurred on 5 March 2020. We aim to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of major trauma and orthopaedic patients admitted in the early COVID-19 era. Methods A prospective trauma registry was reviewed at a Level 1 Major Trauma Centre. We divided patients into Group A, 40 days prior to 5 March 2020, and into Group B, 40 days after. Results A total of 657 consecutive trauma and orthopaedic patients were identified with a mean age of 55 years (8 to 98; standard deviation (SD) 22.52) and 393 (59.8%) were males. In all, 344 (approximately 50%) of admissions were major trauma. Group A had 421 patients, decreasing to 236 patients in Group B (36%). Mechanism of injury (MOI) was commonly a fall in 351 (52.4%) patients, but road traffic accidents (RTAs) increased from 56 (13.3%) in group A to 51 (21.6%) in group B (p = 0.030). ICU admissions decreased from 26 (6.2%) in group A to 5 (2.1%) in group B. Overall, 39 patients tested positive for COVID-19 with mean age of 73 years (28 to 98; SD 17.99) and 22 (56.4%) males. Common symptoms were dyspnoea, dry cough, and pyrexia. Of these patients, 27 (69.2%) were nosocomial infections and two (5.1%) of these patients required intensive care unit (ICU) admission with 8/39 mortality (20.5%). Of the patients who died, 50% were older and had underlying comorbidities (hypertension and cardiovascular disease, dementia, arthritis). Conclusion Trauma admissions decreased in the lockdown phase with an increased incidence of RTAs. Nosocomial infection was common in 27 (69.2%) of those with COVID-19. Symptoms and comorbidities were consistent with previous reports with noted inclusion of dementia and arthritis. The mortality rate of trauma and COVID-19 was 20.5%, mainly in octogenarians, and COVID-19 surgical mortality was 15.4%. Cite this article: Bone Joint Open 2020;1-7:330–338.

COMPARISON OF THE ONSET OF SENSORY BLOCK USING LIDOCAINE 1.5% WITH ADRENALINE OR LIDOCAINE 1.5% WITH ADRENALINE AND DEXAMETHASONE IN ULTRASOUND GUIDED AXILLARY NERVE BLOCK FOR BELOW ELBOW SURGERIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (9) ◽  
pp. 2337-2339
Author(s):  
Nabaa Adnan Ahmed ◽  
Alaa Hussein Altaei ◽  
Mohammed Adel Jasim
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Block ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Block ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Sensory Block ◽  
Axillary Nerve ◽  
P Value ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group B

The aim: To demonstrate the onset of dexamethasone when added to lidocaine in ultrasound regional axillary brachial block. Materials and methods: 30 patients participated in this study in Al-wasity hospital from June 1st to December 1st 2019; all were of ASA I-II type, aged 18-65 years old. All patients were scheduled for upper limb below elbow surgery with peripheral nerve block. They were divided randomly in to 2 groups: Group A: received 20 ml of lidocaine 1.5% with adrenaline 1:200000; Group 2 : received 20 ml of lidocaine with adrenaline and dexamethasone 8 mg. There was no significant differences among the groups regarding the change in pulse rate, MAP and Oxygen saturation. The group B was faster than group A (p value < 0.001) in both the time of cold sensory block onset and pinprick sensory block onset at all dermatome (C5,C6,C7,C8,T1). Results: A variety of adjuvants have been used with peripheral nerve block to decrease the onset time, improve block quality, and prolong analgesia. Steroids have been shown to be beneficial in improving block onset. Conclusions: Adding dexamethasone to lidocaine enhanced the onset time of the block with no hemodynamic effect.

scholarly journals Effect of Addition of Dexamethasone to Local Anaesthetics in Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
SM Islam ◽  
MHMD Hossain ◽  
AA Maruf
Keyword(s):  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Motor Block ◽  
Brachial Plexus Block ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Local Anaesthetics ◽  
Prolonged Duration ◽  
Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Plexus Block

Introduction: Many-a-time local anaesthesia appears as a very effective alternative of general one. Different additives have been used to prolong regional blockade. Objective: This prospective study designed to evaluate the effect of dexamethasone added to local anaesthetics on the onset and duration of supraclavicular brachial plexus block. Methods: Sixty adult patients undergoing various orthopaedic surgeries on forearm and around the elbow under supraclavicular brachial plexus block were selected and divided into 2 groups of 30 each. In group-A patients received 35 ml of mixture of lignocaine 2%, bupivacaine 0.5% while in group-B patients received the same amount of local anaesthetics with dexamethasone (8 mg). The onset of sensory and motor block and duration of analgesia in two groups were compared and development of complications were observed. Result: The two groups were comparable in demographic data. The mean onset time of sensory block was 11.64±2.19 minutes in group A and 9.89±1.97 minutes in group B and difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). Onset of motor block was 13.32±0.98 minutes in group A and 11.09±1.28 minutes in group B and difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). There was markedly prolonged duration of analgesia in group-B, 11.87± 0.53 hours compared to group-A, 3.43±0.49 hours. The result was statistically highly significant (p<0.001). Both the groups had high success rate (>90%). The incidence of complication was low in both the groups. Conclusion: Addition of dexamethasone as an adjuvant to local anaesthetics in brachial plexus block results in significantly early onset and markedly prolonged duration of analgesia without any unwanted effects. Key words: Supraclavicular block; analgesia; local anaesthetics; dexamethasone DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v7i1.8619 JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 7, No 1 (June) 2011; 11-14

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document