scholarly journals Exploring metal resistance genes and mechanisms in copper enriched metal ore metagenome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esmaeil Forouzan ◽  
Ali Asghar Karkhane ◽  
Bagher Yakhchali
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Phylogenetic Profile ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Copper Resistance ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractHeavy metal pollution is a major global health challenge. In order to develop bioremediation solution for decontamination of environment from heavy metals one appropriate step is to investigate heavy metal resistance strategies used by microbial communities in the metal contaminated environments. The aim of the present study was to understand detailed mechanisms by which long time heavy metal (HM) exposed microbial community use to cope with excess of HMs. We exploited the Illumina high throughput metagenomic approach to examine taxonomical and functional diversity of copper enriched soil metagenome. Three enriched metagenomes were compared against 94 metagenomes derived from non-contaminated soils. Taxonomic composition analysis showed that phylogenetic profile of metal contaminated soils were enriched with γ-Proteobacteria. Comparison of functional profile of the two group reveled significant difference with potential role in HM resistance (HMR). Enriched SEED categories were “Membrane Transport”, “Cell Wall and Capsule”, “Stress Response”, “Iron acquisition and metabolism” and “virulence and defense mechanisms”. Raw metagenomic reads were assembled into scaffolds and predicted Open Reading Frames (ORFs) were searched against metal resistance gene database (BacMet). Based on enriched genes and gene categories and search of known HMR genes we concluded the microbial community cope with HM using at least 10 different mechanisms. Copper resistance genes were more abundant in the metagenome relative to other metals and pumping metals out of the cell were more abundant relative to other HMR mechanism. Results of the present study could be very helpful in understanding of HMR mechanism used by microbial communities.

scholarly journals Heavy Metal-Induced Co-Selection for Antibiotic Resistance in Terrestrial Subsurface Soils

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomin Wang ◽  
Bangrui Lan ◽  
Hexin Fei ◽  
Shanyun Wang ◽  
Guibing Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Terrestrial Subsurface

Abstract Background: Terrestrial surface ecosystems are important sinks for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) due to the continuous discharge of contaminants from human-impacted ecosystems. However, factors determining the abundance and resistance types of ARGs in terrestrial subsurface soils remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the abundance and diversity of ARGs, and their correlations with metal resistance genes (MRGs), mobile genetic elements (MGEs), bacteria, and heavy metals in subsurface soils in a global scale using high throughput quantitative PCR and metagenomic sequencing approaches. Results: Abundant and diverse ARGs were detected with high spatial heterogeneity among the sampling sites. Vertically, there was no significant difference in the ARG profiles between the aquifer and non-aquifer soils. Heavy metals were the key factors shaping ARG patterns in soils with high heavy metal contents, while they induced no significant effect in low contents. Moreover, heavy metals could trigger the proliferation of antibiotic resistance by increasing MGE abundance or influencing bacterial communities. Metagenomic analysis also revealed the widespread co-occurrence of ARGs and MRGs, with heavy metals possibly aggravating the co-selection of ARGs and MRGs in soils with high heavy metal contents. Conclusions: This study highlighted the heavy metal-induced co-selection for ARGs and MRGs and revealed the occurrence of ARG pollution in terrestrial subsurface soils.

scholarly journals Co‐occurrence of antibiotic, biocide, and heavy metal resistance genes in bacteria from metal and radionuclide contaminated soils at the Savannah River Site

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1179-1200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse C. Thomas ◽  
Adelumola Oladeinde ◽  
Troy J. Kieran ◽  
John W. Finger ◽  
Natalia J. Bayona‐Vásquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Heavy Metal Resistance ◽  
Savannah River Site ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Savannah River ◽  
River Site

scholarly journals Microbial retention and resistances in stormwater quality improvement devices treating road runoff

FEMS Microbes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Liguori ◽  
Steffen H Rommel ◽  
Johan Bengtsson-Palme ◽  
Brigitte Helmreich ◽  
Christian Wurzbacher
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Road Runoff ◽  
Stormwater Quality ◽  
Dissolved Heavy Metals

Abstract Current knowledge about the microbial communities that occur in in urban road runoff is scarce. Road runoff of trafficked roads can be heavily polluted and is treated by stormwater quality improvement devices (SQIDs). However, microbes may influence the treatment process of these devices or could lead to stress resistant opportunistic microbial strains. In this study, the microbial community in the influent, effluent and the filter materials for the removal of dissolved heavy metals of two different SQIDs were analyzed to determine the microbial load, retention, composition, and mobile resistance genes. Although the microbes were replaced by new taxa in the effluent, there was no major retention of microbial genera. Further, the bacterial abundance of the SQIDs effluent was relatively stable over time. The heavy metal content correlated with intl1 and with microbial genera. The filter media itself was enriched with Intl1 gene cassettes, carrying several heavy metal and multidrug resistance genes (e.g. czrA, czcA, silP, mexW and mexI), indicating that this is a hot spot for horizontal gene transfer. Overall, the results shed light on road runoff microbial communities, and pointed to distinct bacterial communities within the SQIDs, which subsequently influence the microbial community and the genes released with the treated water.

scholarly journals Retromobilization of heavy metal resistance genes in unpolluted and heavy metal polluted soil

1995 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva M. Top ◽  
Helene Rore ◽  
Jean-Marc Collard ◽  
Veerle Gellens ◽  
Galina Slobodkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Heavy Metal Resistance ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Polluted Soil

scholarly journals Isolation and Molecular Identification of Virulence, Antimicrobial and Heavy Metal Resistance Genes in Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Pathogens ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chumisa C. Dweba ◽  
Oliver T. Zishiri ◽  
Mohamed E. El Zowalaty
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
South African ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Heavy Metal Resistance ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most important pathogens of humans and animals. Livestock production contributes a significant proportion to the South African Gross Domestic Product. Consequently, the aim of this study was to determine for the first time the prevalence, virulence, antibiotic and heavy metal resistance in livestock-associated S. aureus isolated from South African livestock production systems. Microbial phenotypic methods were used to detect the presence of antibiotic and heavy metal resistance. Furthermore, molecular DNA based methods were used to genetically determine virulence as well as antibiotic and heavy metal resistance determinants. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed 217 out of 403 (53.8%) isolates to be S. aureus. Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method was conducted to evaluate antibiotic resistance and 90.8% of S. aureus isolates were found to be resistant to at least three antibiotics, and therefore, classified as multidrug resistant. Of the antibiotics tested, 98% of the isolates demonstrated resistance towards penicillin G. High resistance was shown against different heavy metals, with 90% (196/217), 88% (192/217), 86% (188/217) and 84% (183/217) of the isolates resistant to 1500 µg/mL concentration of Cadmium (Cd), Zinc (Zn), Lead (Pb) and Copper (Cu) respectively. A total of 10 antimicrobial resistance and virulence genetic determinants were screened for all livestock associated S. aureus isolates. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates were identified, by the presence of mecC, in 27% of the isolates with a significant relationship (p < 0.001)) with the host animal. This is the first report of mecC positive LA-MRSA in South Africa and the African continent. The gene for tetracycline resistance (tetK) was the most frequently detected of the screened genes with an overall prevalence of 35% and the highest prevalence percentage was observed for goats (56.76%) followed by avian species (chicken, duck and wild birds) (42.5%). Virulence-associated genes were observed across all animal host species. The study reports the presence of luks/pv, a gene encoding the PVL toxin previously described to be a marker for community acquired-MRSA, suggesting the crossing of species between human and livestock. The high prevalence of S. aureus from the livestock indicates a major food security and healthcare threat. This threat is further compounded by the virulence of the pathogen, which causes numerous clinical manifestations. The phenomenon of co-selection is observed in this study as isolates exhibited resistance to both antibiotics and heavy metals. Further, all the screened antibiotic and heavy metal resistance genes did not correspond with the phenotypic resistance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document