scholarly journals Epidemiological investigation and prevention control analysis of longitudinal distribution of COVID-19 in Henan province, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianguang Yang ◽  
Xuelin Chen ◽  
Cuihong Ding ◽  
Zhibo Bai ◽  
Jingyi Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Henan Province ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Longitudinal Distribution ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
And Control ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Objective: To analyze the vertical distribution of six cities in Henan Province,China from January 21, 2020 to June17, 2020: Xinyang City (including Gushi County), Nanyang City (including Dengzhou City), Zhumadian City (including XincaiCounty), Zhengzhou City (including Gongyi City), Puyang City and Anyang City (including Hua County) corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19) epidemiological characteristics and local prevention and control measures.Methods: Data were collected and analyzed through the COVID-19 information published on the official websites of health commissions of Henan Province and six cities.Results: As of June 17, 2020, the cumulative incidence rate of COVID-19 in Henan province was 1.33/100,000, the cumulative cure rate was 98.27%, the cumulative mortality rate was 1.73%, the age range of diagnosed cases was 5days-85years old, and the male to female ratio was 1.09:1.The confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Henan province were mainly imported cases from Hubei, accounting for 87.74%, of which the highest number was 70.50% in Zhumadian. The contact cases and local cases increased in a fluctuating manner over time.Significance: In this paper, epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in Henan province from the outbreak to the effective control within 60 days were analyzed, and effective and distinctive prevention and control measures in various cities were summarized, so as to provide a favorable reference for the further formulation and implementation of epidemic prevention and control and a valuable theoretical basis for effectively avoiding the second outbreak.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Investigation and Prevention Control Analysis of the Longitudinal Distribution of COVID-19 in Henan Province, China

mSphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianguang Yang ◽  
Xuelin Chen ◽  
Cuihong Ding ◽  
Zhibo Bai ◽  
Jingyi Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Henan Province ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Longitudinal Distribution ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
And Control ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

ABSTRACT The objective was to analyze the longitudinal distribution, epidemiological characteristics, and local prevention and control measures of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in six cities in Henan Province, China, from 21 January 2020 to 17 June 2020: Xinyang City (including Gushi County), Nanyang City (including Dengzhou City), Zhumadian City (including Xincai County), Zhengzhou City (including Gongyi City), Puyang City, and Anyang City (including Hua County). Data were collected and analyzed through the COVID-19 information published on the official websites of the health commissions in the six selected cities of Henan Province. As of 17 June 2020, the cumulative incidence rate of COVID-19 in Henan Province was 1.33/100,000, the cumulative cure rate was 98.27%, the cumulative mortality rate was 1.73%, the age range of diagnosed cases was 5 days to 85 years old, and the male-to-female ratio was 1.09:1. The confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Henan Province were mainly imported cases from Hubei, accounting for 87.74% of all cases, of which the highest proportion was 70.50% in Zhumadian. The contact cases and local cases increased in a fluctuating manner over time. In this paper, epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in Henan Province were analyzed from the onset of the outbreak to the effective control within 60 days, and effective and distinctive prevention and control measures in various cities were summarized to provide a favorable useful reference for the further formulation and implementation of epidemic prevention and control and a valuable theoretical basis for effectively avoiding a second outbreak. IMPORTANCE Epidemic prevention and control in China have entered a new stage of normalization. This article analyzes the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in Henan Province and summarizes the effective disease prevention and control means and measures at the prefecture level; the normalized private data provide a theoretical reference for the formulation and conduct of future prevention and control work. At the same time, these epidemic prevention and control findings can also be used for reference in other countries and regions.

scholarly journals Epidemic prevention and control measures in China significantly curbed the epidemic of COVID-19 and influenza

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang-Sha Kong ◽  
Feng Liu ◽  
Hai-Bo Wang ◽  
Rui-Feng Yang ◽  
Dong-Bo Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Spring Festival ◽  
Railway Passenger ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
And Control

AbstractAt the end of 2019, an outbreak of unknown pathogen pneumonia occurred in China, then it was named corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19). With the rapid spread of COVID-19, a series of strict prevention and control measures were implemented to cut the spread of the epidemic. Influenza as a respiratory tract infection disease as COVID-19 might also be controlled. To assess the effects, we used the total passenger numbers sent in mainland China from 2018 to 2020 and the daily number of railway passenger (DNRP) flow in 2020 during Spring Festival travel rush to reflect the population movement and further to analyze newly and cumulative confirmed COVID-19 and influenza. We found that with implementing the series measures on COVID-19, not only COVID-19, but also influenza mitigated in China. The prevention and control measures for COVID-19 might be used in controlling respiratory tract diseases, and reducing the national health economic burden. When other countries issue measures on COVID-19 and influenza, they should consider adopting more aggressive epidemic prevention and control strategies.

scholarly journals SWOT Analysis and Preliminary Study on Prevention and Control Management of Temporary Integrated Isolation Ward During COVID-19 Outbreak

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Zhou ◽  
Lixiang Bai ◽  
Hao Guo ◽  
Shaowei Guo ◽  
Xiaowen Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Missed Diagnosis ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
Isolation Ward ◽  
And Control

Background: The world faced crises of prevention and control and shortage of medical resources during the COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease 2019) outbreak. The establishment of temporary integrated isolation wards in hospitals, which is universal and representative in China, is one of the most-effective strategies in solving these problems according to China's experiences.Aim: To conduct a preliminary study on the establishment of a temporary integrated isolation ward during the outbreak of COVID-19 and to evaluate related impact.Methods: SWOT analysis was used to analyze the advantages, disadvantages, opportunities, and risks in the establishment of the temporary integrated isolation ward, and corresponding corrective measures were made according to the analysis results.Findings: The ward has formulated more than 10 related work procedures and prevention and control measures. A total of 93 patients with 18 critically ill patients were admitted for treatment and isolation. They were all evaluated based on established procedures and protocols. Twenty-four supplementary nucleic acid tests were ordered and conducted. One new patient with COVID-19 was confirmed and was successfully transferred to the designated COVID-19 infectious control hospital. There were no missed diagnosis or misdiagnosis, no cross-infection of patients, no cluster outbreak, and no infection of medical workers during the entire process.Conclusion: SWOT analysis is helpful in guiding the establishment of a temporary integrated isolation ward and the formulation of prevention and control measures in Hebei General Hospital during the COVID-19 outbreak. It provides the guidance and reference of significance for the establishment of similar types of wards in the future.

scholarly journals Mathematical modeling and comparative analysis of the Ebola epidemic reveal effective control measures

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junlong Li ◽  
Caiping Song ◽  
Jingya Yang ◽  
Jingmin Zheng ◽  
Lina Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Epidemic Outbreak ◽  
And Control

Abstract The Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a highly contagious disease which is caused by the Ebola virus . Various measures were used to prevent and control the spread of EVD. The aim of this study was to find out the most critical measures to prevent and control the spread of EVD. Both mathematical modeling and comparative analysis were used to explore the development process of EVD outbreak in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone. The results of comparative analysis showed quarantined individuals before infection (R 2 = 0.848, ε = 1.012), safe burial teams (R 2 = 0.772, ε = 0.385), and the Ebola treatment units (ETU) bed (R 2 = 0.690, ε = 0.432) could significantly influence the incidence of EVD which were consistent with the results of mathematical modeling. These findings indicted that a timely and effective quarantine played a significant role in preventing and controlling the spread of EVD, and the findings would help us prevent and control the epidemic outbreak of new infectious disease in the future.

scholarly journals Epidemiological study of scarlet fever in Shenyang, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huijie Chen ◽  
Ye Chen ◽  
Baijun Sun ◽  
Lihai Wen ◽  
Xiangdong An
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Scarlet Fever ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
And Control ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Abstract Background Since 2011, there has been an increase in the incidence of scarlet fever across China. The main objective of this study was to depict the spatiotemporal epidemiological characteristics of the incidence of scarlet fever in Shenyang, China, in 2018 so as to provide the scientific basis for effective strategies of scarlet control and prevention. Methods Excel 2010 was used to demonstrate the temporal distribution at the month level and ArcGIS10.3 was used to demonstrate the spatial distribution at the district/county level. Moran’s autocorrelation coefficient was used to examine the spatial autocorrelation and the Getis-Ord statistic was used to determine the hot-spot areas of scarlet fever. Results A total of 2314 scarlet fever cases were reported in Shenyang in 2018 with an annual incidence of 31.24 per 100,000. The incidence among males was higher than that among females(p<0.001). A vast majority of the cases (96.89%) were among children aged 3 to 11 years. The highest incidence was 625.34/100,000 in children aged 5–9 years. In 2018 there were two seasonal peaks of scarlet fever in June (summer-peak) and December (winter-peak). The incidence of scarlet fever in urban areas was significantly higher than that in rural areas(p<0.001). The incidence of scarlet fever was randomly distributed in Shenyang. There are hotspot areas located in seven districts. Conclusions Urban areas are the hot spots of scarlet fever and joint prevention and control measures between districts should be applied. Children aged 3–11 are the main source of scarlet fever and therefore the introduction of prevention and control into kindergarten and primary schools may be key to the control of scarlet fever epidemics.

scholarly journals Research about the optimal strategies for prevention and control of varicella outbreak in a school in a central city of China: based on an SEIR dynamic model

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-ting Zha ◽  
Feng-rui Pang ◽  
Nan Zhou ◽  
Bin Wu ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Central City ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Peak Time ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
And Control ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Combined Interventions

Abstract Varicella is an acute respiratory infectious diseases, with high transmissibility and quick dissemination. In this study, an SEIR (susceptible-exposed-infected-recovered) dynamic model was established to explore the optimal prevention and control measures according to the epidemiological characteristics about varicella outbreak in a school in a central city of China. Berkeley Madonna 8.3.18 and Microsoft Office Excel 2010 software were employed for the model simulation and data management, respectively. The result showed that the simulated result of SEIR model agreed well with the reported data when β (infected rate) equal to 0.067. Models showed that the cumulative number of cases was only 13 when isolation adopted when the infected individuals were identified (assuming isolation rate was up to 100%); the cumulative number of cases was only two and the TAR (total attack rate) was 0.56% when the vaccination coefficient reached 50%. The cumulative number of cases did not change significantly with the change of efficiency of ventilation and disinfection, but the peak time was delayed; when δ (vaccination coefficient) = 0.1, m (ventilation efficiency) = 0.7 or δ = 0.2, m = 0.5 or δ = 0.3, m = 0.1 or δ = 0.4 and above, the cumulative number of cases would reduce to one case and TAR would reduce to 0.28% with combined interventions. Varicella outbreak in school could be controlled through strict isolation or vaccination singly; combined interventions have been adopted when the vaccination coefficient was low.

scholarly journals Effects of medical resource capacities and intensities of public mitigation measures on outcomes of COVID-19 outbreaks

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Wang ◽  
Qian Li ◽  
Xiaodan Sun ◽  
Sha He ◽  
Fan Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Medical Resource ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Medical Resources ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic is complex and is developing in different ways according to the country involved. Methods To identify the key parameters or processes that have the greatest effects on the pandemic and reveal the different progressions of epidemics in different countries, we quantified enhanced control measures and the dynamics of the production and provision of medical resources. We then nested these within a COVID-19 epidemic transmission model, which is parameterized by multi-source data. We obtained rate functions related to the intensity of mitigation measures, the effective reproduction numbers and the timings and durations of runs on medical resources, given differing control measures implemented in various countries. Results Increased detection rates may induce runs on medical resources and prolong their durations, depending on resource availability. Nevertheless, improving the detection rate can effectively and rapidly reduce the mortality rate, even after runs on medical resources. Combinations of multiple prevention and control strategies and timely improvement of abilities to supplement medical resources are key to effective control of the COVID-19 epidemic. A 50% reduction in comprehensive control measures would have led to the cumulative numbers of confirmed cases and deaths exceeding 590,000 and 60,000, respectively, by 27 March 2020 in mainland China. Conclusions Multiple data sources and cross validation of a COVID-19 epidemic model, coupled with a medical resource logistic model, revealed the key factors that affect epidemic progressions and their outbreak patterns in different countries. These key factors are the type of emergency medical response to avoid runs on medical resources, especially improved detection rates, the ability to promote public health measures, and the synergistic effects of combinations of multiple prevention and control strategies. The proposed model can assist health authorities to predict when they will be most in need of hospital beds and equipment such as ventilators, personal protection equipment, drugs, and staff.

scholarly journals Epidemiological study of scarlet fever in Shenyang , China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huijie Chen ◽  
Ye Chen ◽  
Baijun Sun ◽  
Lihai Wen ◽  
Xiangdong An
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Scarlet Fever ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
And Control ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Abstract Background: Since 2011, there has been an increase in the incidence of scarlet fever across China. The main objective of this study was to depict the spatiotemporal epidemiological characteristics of the incidence of scarlet fever in Shenyang, China, in 2018 so as to provide the scientific basis for effective strategies of scarlet control and prevention. Methods: Excel 2010 was used to demonstrate the temporal distribution at the month level and ArcGIS10.3 was used to demonstrate the spatial distribution at the district/county level. Moran’s autocorrelation coefficient was used to examine the spatial autocorrelation and the Getis-Ord statistic was used to determine the hot-spot areas of scarlet fever. Results: A total of 2,314 scarlet fever cases were reported in Shenyang in 2018 with an annual incidence of 31.24 per 100,000. The incidence among males was higher than that among females（p＜0.001). A vast majority of the cases (96.89%) were among children aged 3 to 11 years. The highest incidence was 625.34/100,000 in children aged 5-9 years. In 2018 there were two seasonal peaks of scarlet fever in June (summer-peak) and December (winter-peak).The incidence of scarlet fever in urban areas was significantly higher than that in rural areas(p＜0.001).The incidence of scarlet fever was randomly distributed in Shenyang. There are hotspot areas located in seven districts. Conclusions: Urban areas are the hot spots of scarlet fever and joint prevention and control measures between districts should be applied. Children aged 3-11 are the main source of scarlet fever and therefore the introduction of prevention and control into kindergarten and primary schools may be key to the control of scarlet fever epidemics.

scholarly journals Linear regression analysis of COVID-19 outbreak and control in Henan province caused by the output population from Wuhan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Yuan yuan
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Linear Regression Model ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Henan Province ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Expected Number ◽  
And Control

AbstractObjectivesTo observe outbreak of COVID-19 in Henan province caused by the output population from Wuhan, and high-grade control measures were proformed in Henan province, to study the phase of development and change of the epidemic in Henan province, and to make appropriate inferences about the influence of prevention and control measures and the phase of development of the epidemic.MethodsLinear regression analysis were used to establish a linear regression model with the number of Wuhan roaming people as the dependent variable and the cumulative number of COVID-19 cases in Henan province as the dependent variable, and to calculate and plot the regional distribution of the number of cases in 18 cities in Henan province in accordance with the criteria of whether the number of cases exceeded the expected number.ResultsThere was a linear correlation between the number of people Wuhan roaming and the number of cases, and the linear regression model equation was statistically significant. The cities that exceeded the expected number of cases had a clear spatio-temporal distribution. Geographically, these cities were roughly in the 1 o’clock and 2 o’clock directions in Nanyang, and in terms of time period, the first phase (10 days), the cities that exceeded the expected number of cases changed almost daily. In the second phase (5 days), cities that exceeded the expected number of cases were moderated, and in the third phase (15 days), cities that exceeded the expected number of cases entered the stabilization phase.ConclusionsThe priority cities for COVID-19 prevention and control in Henan province should pay special attention to the cities that have exceeded the expected number of COVID-19 cases, and the implementation of high-level control measures can effectively control the spread of COVID-19 within 2-4 weeks during the early stage of the epidemic.

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