scholarly journals Prevalence of Iron, Vitamin B12 deficiency and inflammatory anaemia in treatment naive individual consecutive cancer patients: A cross sectional study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avinash Pandey ◽  
Shivkant Singh ◽  
Raj Aryan ◽  
Krishna Murari
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
B12 Deficiency

Background: In treatment naive Indian cancer patients, prevalence of iron, B12 deficiency and inflammatory anaemia in poorly known. Aims and Objectives : To evaluate prevalence of anaemia and iron, B12 deficiency along with inflammation in treatment naive individual consecutive cancer patients. Material and Methods: All patients registered from 1st July 2019 till 31st December 2019 in Medical Oncology Outpatient Department were offered to undergo Iron profile, Serum B12 levels and Serum ferritin along with routine haematological investigations. Anaemia was defined as Haemoglobin < 11gm/dL. Transferrin saturation <20%, Serum Ferritin >300 microgram/litre and Vitamin B12 level <200 picogram/millilitre were 'cut-offs' used to define iron deficiency, inflammation and Vitamin B12 deficiency respectively. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics, frequency distribution, crosstabs and Bar Diagram in SPSS version 17.0. Pearsons Chi square test and Odds ratio was used to measure the strength of association with variables. Results: 311/441 (70.5%) were found eligible. Median age was 52 + 15.9 (Range 18-84 ) years with 144/331(46%) females. The prevalence of anaemia was 61% + 2.7 (95% CI 55-66%). Mean Haemoglobin was 9.86 + 2.08 (range 3-16) gram/decilitre. 21/311(7%) had severe anaemia (Haemoglobin < 6.9 gm/dl). 135/311 (71%), 61/189 (32%) and 89/189 (47%) anaemic patients had iron deficiency, inflammation and B12 deficiency respectively. More than 70% of Gastrointestinal (50/69), Gynaecological(17/24) and Lung Cancer(18/22) patients had underling Iron deficiency. Conclusion: Two-third of cancer patients are iron deficient. B12 deficiency and inflammation are present in half and one-third patients respectively.

scholarly journals Reticulocyte size in nutritional anemias

Blood ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 669-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
DR Clarkson ◽  
EM Moore
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Volume ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Abrupt Decrease ◽  
Iron Saturation ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
B12 Deficiency

Abstract Alterations in reticulocyte size occur 2–3 days after the onset of iron deficient or megaloblastic erythropoiesis and precede, by several weeks, changes in mean corpuscular volume (MCV). Iron-deficiency anemia induced in a normal subject by repeated phlebotomies was characterized by the initial development of larger than normal reticulocytes followed by an abrupt decrease in reticulocyte size. Microreticulocytes appeared 3 days after the fall in per cent iron saturation and antedated the decrease in MCV to below normal by 6 wk. Mean reticulocyte size was disproportionately smaller than normal in patients presenting with iron deficiency. In contrast, reticulocyte size increased abruptly in a patient (and rats) 2–3 days after administration of methotrexate. Mean reticulocyte size was disproportionately larger than normal in patients presenting with folate or vitamin B12 deficiency. Specific replacement therapy with iron, folate, or vitamin B12 was quickly followed by normalization of reticulocyte size.

scholarly journals Anemia and Micronutrient Deficiencies in Young Children in Urban Slums of Mumbai, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 828-828
Author(s):  
Amy Fothergill ◽  
Samantha Huey ◽  
Jere Haas ◽  
Shobha Udipi ◽  
Padmini Ghugre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Urban Slums ◽  
Severe Anemia ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Serum Retinol ◽  
B12 Deficiency

Abstract Objectives To examine the burden of anemia and micronutrient deficiencies among young children living in urban slums of Mumbai, India. Methods Participants were children 10–18 months of age (n = 278) residing in urban slums in Mumbai who were screened as part of a randomized feeding trial of biofortified pearl millet. Venous blood was collected by a pediatric phlebotomist and hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations were assessed via Coulter counter. Samples were processed and stored &lt;−80°C until laboratory analyses. Serum ferritin (SF), vitamin B12, and erythrocyte (RBC) folate concentrations were analyzed via chemiluminescence. C-reactive protein (CRP) was analyzed by nephelometry, α-1 acid glycoprotein (AGP) was analyzed by spectrophotometry, and serum retinol was evaluated via HP-LC. Serum ferritin and serum retinol levels were adjusted for inflammation using methods proposed by Thurman. Anemia and severe anemia were defined as Hb &lt; 11.0 g/dL and Hb &lt; 7.0 g/dL. Iron deficiency (ID) was defined as SF &lt; 12.0 µg/L, iron insufficiency was defined as SF &lt; 20.0 µg/L, and inflammation was defined as CRP &gt; 5.0 mg/L. Iron deficiency anemia was defined as Hb &lt; 11.0 g/dL and SF &lt; 12.0 µg/L. Vitamin A deficiency was defined as serum retinol &lt;20.0 µg/L. Vitamin B12 deficiency and vitamin B12 insufficiency were defined as &lt;148.0 pmol/L and &lt;221.0 pmol/L; folate deficiency was defined as RBC folate &lt;340 nmol/L. Linear and binomial regression models were used to examine associations of micronutrient biomarkers with Hb levels and risk of anemia. Results A total of 75.5% of children were anemic and 2.9% had severe anemia. The prevalence of iron deficiency was 61.4% (69.5% after Thurman adjustment), 57.4% of children had IDA, and 9.7% had CRP &gt; 5.0 mg/L. The prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency was 17.0%, 41.8% of children had vitamin B12 insufficiency, and 19.9% had folate deficiency. Among anemic children, 84.5% had ≥1 micronutrient deficiency and 22.7% had ≥ 2 micronutrient deficiencies. Iron deficiency (RR: 2.15; 95% CI: 1.55, 2.99; P &lt; 0.001), and vitamin B12 deficiency (RR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.60; P &lt; 0.01) were associated with significantly increased risk of anemia. Conclusions Findings indicate that the burden of anemia, iron deficiency, and vitamin B12 insufficiency were high in young children in Mumbai, India. Funding Sources Harvest Plus; AF was supported by the National Institutes of Health.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal Absorption, Plasma Transport, Surface Distribution, and Urinary and Fecal Excretion of Radioactive Vitamin B12 in Iron Deficiency

Blood ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. COOK ◽  
L. S. VALBERG
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Intravenous Dose ◽  
Plasma Transport ◽  
Fecal Excretion ◽  
Surface Distribution ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
Gastric Biopsies

Abstract No evidence of vitamin B12 deficiency or of any mechanism which might lead to vitamin B12 deficiency, such as defective absorption or increased urinary or fecal excretion of the vitamin, has been found in iron-deficient subjects in whom gastric acid secretion and gastric biopsies were normal. It is concluded that when vitamin B12 deficiency occurs in iron-deficient subjects it is the result of gastric atrophy. An unexplained finding was delayed disappearance of an intravenous dose of Co58-B12 from the plasma in iron-deficient subjects.

scholarly journals Anemia and Iron and Vitamin B12 Deficiencies in Children Under 5 in Mexico: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 835-835
Author(s):  
Cristina Güitrón Leal ◽  
Teresa Shamah-Levy ◽  
Juan Rivera Dommarco ◽  
Salvador Villalpando ◽  
Jere Haas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
Children Under 5

Abstract Objectives To examine the burden of anemia, iron deficiency, and vitamin B12 deficiency in children under 5 in Mexico. Methods Data from the recently completed National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT 2018) were analyzed to examine the burden of anemia and micronutrient deficiencies in children under 5 (1 to &lt;5 years). Hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations werequantified in capillary blood samples (n = 3144) via HemoCue.Venous blood samples (n = 1019) were collected, centrifuged, processed, and stored &lt;−80°C until analysis of micronutrient biomarkers. Serum ferritin (SF), C-reactive protein (CRP), and vitamin B12 concentrations were measured via immunoassays. Hemoglobin was adjusted for altitude; anemia was defined as hemoglobin &lt;11.0 g/dL. Iron deficiency was defined as serum ferritin &lt;12.0 µg/L and iron insufficiency was defined as serum ferritin &lt;20.0 µg/L; inflammation was defined as CRP concentrations &gt; 5.0 mg/L (and CRP &gt; 1.0 mg/L). Iron deficiency anemia was defined as hemoglobin &lt;11.0 g/dL and serum ferritin &lt;12.0 μg/L. Vitamin B12 deficiency and vitamin B12 insufficiency were defined as &lt;148.0 and &lt;221.0 pmol/L, respectively. Survey frequency procedures were used to examine the prevalence of anemia and micronutrient deficiencies; survey linear and logistic regression were used to examine associations of micronutrient biomarkers with hemoglobin concentrations and odds of anemia. Results A total of 22.9% of children were anemic in this population. In the biomarker sub-sample, 10.0% of children were iron deficient (SF &lt; 12.0 µg/L), and 29.9% had serum ferritin concentrations &lt;20.0 µg/L. A total of 9.5% of children had CRP concentrations &gt;5.0 mg/L, and 34.7% had CRP &gt; 1.0 mg/L. The prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency (vitamin B12 &lt; 148.0 pmol/L) was 5.4% and 21.5% of children had vitamin B12 insufficiency (vitamin B12 &lt; 221.0 pmol/L). Conclusions Findings suggest that the burden of anemia and iron and vitamin B12 insufficiency is high in young children in Mexico. Funding Sources ENSANUT was funded by The Ministry of Health of Mexico.

scholarly journals Reticulocyte size in nutritional anemias

Blood ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 669-677
Author(s):  
DR Clarkson ◽  
EM Moore
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Volume ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Abrupt Decrease ◽  
Iron Saturation ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
B12 Deficiency

Alterations in reticulocyte size occur 2–3 days after the onset of iron deficient or megaloblastic erythropoiesis and precede, by several weeks, changes in mean corpuscular volume (MCV). Iron-deficiency anemia induced in a normal subject by repeated phlebotomies was characterized by the initial development of larger than normal reticulocytes followed by an abrupt decrease in reticulocyte size. Microreticulocytes appeared 3 days after the fall in per cent iron saturation and antedated the decrease in MCV to below normal by 6 wk. Mean reticulocyte size was disproportionately smaller than normal in patients presenting with iron deficiency. In contrast, reticulocyte size increased abruptly in a patient (and rats) 2–3 days after administration of methotrexate. Mean reticulocyte size was disproportionately larger than normal in patients presenting with folate or vitamin B12 deficiency. Specific replacement therapy with iron, folate, or vitamin B12 was quickly followed by normalization of reticulocyte size.

scholarly journals Impact of Iron Status on Thyroid Function: A Community Based Cross-Sectional Study in Eastern Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saroj Thapa ◽  
Madhab Lamsal ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Sah ◽  
Rajendra Kumar Chaudhari ◽  
Basanta Gelal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hormone Profile ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
The Mean

Background: Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency in the world. The relation between thyroid hormones and iron status is bidirectional. The aim of this study was to assess iron nutrition status and evaluate its relationship with thyroid hormone profile among children of Eastern Nepal. Methods: A  community based cross-sectional study was conducted in eastern Nepal. A total of 200 school children aged 6-12 years were recruited after taking informed consent from their guardians. Blood samples were collected and assayed for free thyroid hormones (fT3 and fT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC) concentration and percentage transferrin saturation was calculated. Results: The mean serum iron and TIBC was 74.04 µg/dl and 389.38 µg/dl respectively. The median transferring saturation was 19.21%. The overall prevalence of iron deficiency (Transferrin saturation < 16%) was 34% (n=68). The mean concentration of fT3 and fT4 was 2.87 pg/ml and 1.21 ng/dl respectively, while the median TSH concentration was 3.03 mIU/L. Median TSH concentration in iron deficient group (3.11 µg/dl) and iron sufficient group (2.91 µg/dl) was not significantly different. Among iron deficient children 5.9% had   subclinical hypothyroidism (n=4). Iron status indicators were not significantly correlated with thyroid profile parameters in the study population. Conclusions: The prevalence of iron deficiency is high and iron   deficiency does not significantly alter the thyroid hormone profile in the study region.

Serum iron and total iron-binding capacity compared with serum ferritin in assessment of iron deficiency.

1981 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Peter ◽  
S Wang
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Total Iron ◽  
Iron Binding ◽  
Total Iron Binding Capacity ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Iron Binding Capacity

Abstract Ferritin values for 250 selected sera were compared with values for iron, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), and transferrin saturation, to assess the potential of the ferritin assay for the detection of latent iron deficiency. The specimens were grouped (50 in each group) according to their values for iron and TIBC. In Group 1 (low iron, high TIBC) the saturation and ferritin values both indicated iron deficiency in all but one. In the 100 specimens of Groups 2 (normal iron, high TIBC) and 4 (normal iron, high normal TIBC), the saturation values revealed 16 iron-deficient cases, the ferritin test 55. For Groups 3 (low iron, normal TIBC) and 5 (low iron, low TIBC), the ferritin test revealed fewer cases of iron deficiency than did the saturation values (37 cases vs 51 cases, in the 100 specimens). Evidently the ferritin test detects iron deficiency in many cases for whom the serum iron and TIBC tests are not positively indicative. The correlation of serum ferritin with iron, TIBC, and transferrin saturation in the five groups was good only in the case of specimens for which the TIBC was normal; if it was abnormal the correlation was very poor.

scholarly journals Iron deficiency anemia and megaloblastic anemia in obese patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Arshad ◽  
Sara Jaberian ◽  
Abdolreza Pazouki ◽  
Sajedeh Riazi ◽  
Maryam Aghababa Rangraz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Morbid Obesity ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Megaloblastic Anemia ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
B12 Deficiency

Abstract Background. The association between obesity and different types of anemia remained uncertain. The present study aimed to assess the relation between obesity parameters and the occurrence of iron deficiency anemia and also megaloblastic anemia among Iranian population. Methods and Materials. This cross-sectional study was performed on 1252 patients with morbid obesity that randomly selected from all patients referred to Clinic of obesity at Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital in 2014. The morbid obesity was defined according to the guideline as body mass index (BMI) equal to or higher than 40 kg/m2. Various laboratory parameters including serum levels of hemoglobin, iron, ferritin, folic acid, and vitamin B12 were assessed using the standard laboratory techniques. Results. BMI was adversely associated with serum vitamin B12, but not associated with other hematologic parameters. The overall prevalence of iron deficiency anemia was 9.8%. The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia was independent to patients’ age and also to body mass index. The prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency was totally 20.9%. According to the multivariable logistic regression model, no association was revealed between BMI and the occurrence of iron deficiency anemia adjusting gender and age. A similar regression model showed that higher BMI could predict occurrence of vitamin B12 deficiency in morbid obese patients. Conclusion. Although iron deficiency is a common finding among obese patients, vitamin B12 deficiency is more frequent so about one-fifth of these patients suffer vitamin B12 deficiency. In fact, the exacerbation of obesity can result in exacerbation of vitamin B12 deficiency.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the iron status of a population

Blood ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
JD Cook ◽  
CA Finch ◽  
NJ Smith
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Packed Red Blood Cells ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Menstruating Women ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Abstract The iron status of a population of 1564 subjects living in the northwestern United States was evaluated by measurements of transferrin saturation, red cell protoporphyrin, and serum ferritin. The frequency distribution of these parameters showed no distinct separation between normal and iron-deficient subjects. When only one of these three parameters was abnormal (transferrin saturation below 15%, red cell protoporphyrin above 100 mug/ml packed red blood cells, serum ferritin below 12 ng/ml), the prevalence of anemia was only slightly greater (10.9%) than in the entire sample (8.3%). The prevalence of anemia was increased to 28% in individuals with two or more abnormal parameters, and to 63% when all three parameters were abnormal. As defined by the presence of at least two abnormal parameters, the prevalence of iron deficiency in various populations separated on the basis of age and sex ranged from 3% in adolescent and adult males to 20% in menstruating women. It is concluded that the accuracy of detecting iron deficiency in population surveys can be substantially improved by employing a battery of laboratory measurements of the iron status.

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