scholarly journals Evaluation of Serum Zinc Concentration in Vitiligo, A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abdul-Aziz Ahmed ◽  
Hayder Saad Ahmed ◽  
Ahmed Talib Abdulqader ◽  
Wisam Suhail Najem
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Zinc Level ◽  
Case Control ◽  
P Value ◽  
Serum Zinc Level ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Control Study

AbstractBackgroundVitiligo is an acquired autoimmune pigmentary disorder characterized by ivory white patches. Zinc is proposed to have an immune modulatory, antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties in vitiligo patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate serum zinc in vitiligo patients.Patients and methodsThis is case–control study conducted from December 2019 to May 2020. The study included 50 patient with vitiligo and 50 age- and sex-matched controls. A 2 ml venous blood sample was taken from patients and controls by zinc-free syringe and was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry.ResultsThe mean serum zinc level was 73.14±19.32 in patients group and 85.36±14.14 in controls group (p-value=0.005). It also was 77.65±22.07 and 82.84±14.32 in male patients and controls, respectively. In female patients, it was 70.82±17.65and in female controls was 82.88±13.79(p-value=0.02). Regarding the residence, the mean serum zinc level in patients group was 70.13±21.4 in urban and 76.39±17.73 in rural area. In controls group, mean serum zinc was 83.25±14.12 and 89.11±13.77 in urban and rural area, respectively (p-value=0.003). According to the clinical patterns of vitiligo, the mean serum zinc observed was 75.32±19.64 in vitiligo vulgaris, 70.45±21.23 in acrofacial vitiligo and 68.7±17.61 in segmental vitiligo (p-value=0.68).ConclusionSerum zinc level was significantly low in patients with vitiligo but not associated with the type of vitiligo or family history of autoimmune diseases. It was even lower when vitiligo is associated with nail changes than vitiligo without any nail abnormalities.

scholarly journals Association between Serum Zinc Level and Cutaneous Viral Warts: A Case Control Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Annu Ranjit ◽  
Sudharshan Lal Rajbhandari ◽  
Narayan Gautam ◽  
Yogesh Poudyal
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Zinc Level ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Serum Zinc Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Common Skin ◽  
Control Study

Introduction: Cutaneous viral warts are one of the common skin disorders in general population which can affect any age group and any gender in any country and pose a significant health problem. A possible association with zinc has been suggested in previous studies. Zinc is known to be required for efficient functioning of immune system. Objective: To find out the association between serum zinc level and cutaneous viral warts.  Materials and methods: In this case-control study, total of hundred patients were enrolled. Among them 50 (males – 27, females – 23) with cutaneous viral warts were taken as cases and 50 (males – 25, females – 25) healthy individuals were taken as controls after matching the age and sex. The patients were selected from Dermatology outpatient Department of Universal College of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Bhairahawa, Nepal. The serum zinc level was measured using spectrophotometry principle. Results: The mean serum zinc level in the cases and controls were 80.50±37.24 mg/dl and 104.31±25.31 mg/dl respectively. Significant difference in serum zinc level was observed between cases and controls (p=0.0001). There was a strong association between low serum zinc level and cutaneous viral warts (OR=7.37; 95% CI=1.98 – 27.31; p=0.0028). Conclusion: Serum zinc level in patients with cutaneous viral warts was significantly low as compared to the healthy controls.

scholarly journals Correlation between Serum Zinc Level and Erythrocyte Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Activity in Non-frail and Frail Geriatric Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Rosnah Pinontoan ◽  
Savitri Sayogo ◽  
Arya Govinda Roosheroe
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Zinc Level ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Serum Zinc Level ◽  
Physical Measurements ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Frailty syndrome (FS), as a health problem in elderly, can interfere with the quality of life. Many factors play roles in its occurrence, one of which is oxidative stress. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), in which one of its components is zinc (Zn), is one of the endogenous antioxidants that plays a role in preventing oxidative stress. This study was aimed to know the correlation between serum zinc level (sZn) and erythrocyte SOD (eSOD) activity in non-frail and frail geriatric patients.Methods: This was cross-sectional study with consecutive sampling method conducted in the Geriatric Clinic Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital, from August through September 2014, on 60 patients (30 patients for each group of non-frail and frail). Data were collected from interviews, physical measurements, and venous blood sampling.Results: Among 90% of the subjects had low Zn intake, at the same time, the mean of sZn was 8.41 ± 1.36mol/l and 93.3% of the subjects had experienced Zn deficiency. The mean of eSOD activity was 1526 ± 508U/gHb, and there was no significant difference between the groups. There were no significant correlation between sZn and eSOD activity both in the overall subject (r = -0.04; p = 0.076), as well as the non-frail group (r = -0.099; p=0.604) and frail  group (r = 0.01; p = 0.957).Conclusion: Serum zinc level did not have any significant correlation with the eSOD activity, neither on overall or both non-frail and frail groups.

scholarly journals Association Between Serum Cadmium and Arsenic Levels with Bladder Cancer: A Case-control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahid Moazed ◽  
Elham Jafari ◽  
Mohammad Reza Ebadzadeh ◽  
Amin Pourzare ◽  
Hamid Reza Gharehchahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
P Value ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Background: Bladder cancer is the second most common cancer of the genitourinary system and the eighth cause of cancer death. In addition to known risk factors such as smoking and urinary stones, trace elements are also effective in causing bladder cancer and other cancers. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the association between bladder cancer and the carcinogens cadmium and arsenic. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 40 patients with bladder cancer admitted to Shahid Bahonar Hospital and a control group of 40 healthy individuals in Kerman, Iran, in 2018. The serum levels of arsenic and cadmium were measured by atomic absorptiometry. The paired t-test and chi-square tests were employed to assess the difference between cases and controls groups. An unadjusted and 2 multivariable conditional regression models were separately adjusted on sex, family cancer history, residence, occupation, and smoking and were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) to assess the association between arsenic and cadmium levels and bladder cancer. The statistical software SPSS version 26 and R software version 3.6.3 were used to perform the statistical analyses. Results: The mean cadmium level was 2.99 ± 1.45 and 2.59 ± 0.46 in the case and control groups, respectively, with no statistically significant difference between the groups (P = 0.100). The mean arsenic level was 2.12 ± 1.04 and 1.43 ± 0.73 in the case and control groups, respectively, demonstrating a statistically significant difference between the groups (P = 0.001). Unadjusted and adjusted conditional logistic regression models indicated significant association between arsenic levels and bladder cancer (unadjusted: odds ratio (OR) (95% CI): 0.66 (0.46 - 0.94), P-value = 0.022; adjusted: OR (95% CI): 0.64 (0.44 - 0.92), P-value = 0.018). Conclusions: Overall, cadmium and arsenic levels are higher in patients with bladder cancer, with a statistically significant difference for arsenic. However, these elements are not interrelated and are not related to other factors.

scholarly journals Ultrasound Assessment of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Comparison with Nerve Conduction Study: A Case-control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raja Kollu ◽  
Sindhu Vasireddy ◽  
Sreekanta Swamy ◽  
Nataraju Boraiah ◽  
H Ramprakash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
Carpal Tunnel ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Severity Grading ◽  
Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Control Study

Introduction: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is the entrapment neuropathy which is diagnosed based on the clinical history, examinations and the electrophysiological findings. The Cross- sectional Area (CSA) measurement of the median nerve has emerged as an alternative to Nerve Conduction Studies (NCS) for diagnosis of CTS. This study was done to correlate NCS and Ultrasonography (USG) in clinically diagnosed CTS patients. Aim: To evaluate the diagnostic value of Cross-sectional Area (CSA) of median nerve at carpal tunnel inlet in patients with clinically and NCS confirmed Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) and to assess severity of the syndrome by NCS and its correlation with USG results. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital based, case-control study done on a total of 109 patients of CTS and analysed during the period from June 2017 to June 2019. Total 203 hands of the patients with abnormal NCS formed case group while 101 hands from healthy volunteers constituted the control group. All the patients underwent neurological evaluation by Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire (BCTQ) and were divided into mild, moderate and severe according to the score. An electromyography machine was used to perform electrophysiological studies of both the limbs in all subjects. CTS was diagnosed electro-diagnostically based on the American Association of Neuromuscular and Electrodiagnostic Medicine (AANEM) guidelines and were classified as mild (Grades 1 and 2), moderate (Grades 3 and 4), and severe (Grades 5 and 6) grades using Bland’s electrophysiological grading scale. USG was performed for all the subjects and all the data of various investigations was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0 software. Chi-square test and Mann Whitney U-test were used as test of significance for qualitative data. Results: The mean age of subjects was 44.38±9.561 years. Strongly significant association was observed in BCTQ symptom, functional and total scores with NCS severity grading (p-value <0.001). Moderately significant association was found between BCTQ symptom and total scores with USG severity grading (p-value<0.02). Tunnel grade and NCS grade were found significantly correlated (p-value <0.001). The mean CSA cut-off value of 8.5 mm² at the inlet of carpal tunnel had a good sensitivity 86.21%, specificity 83.17%, Positive Predictive Value (PPV) 91.1% and Negative Predictive Value (NPV) 75%. Conclusion: The diagnostic accuracy of USG assessment and NCS was found to be correlated comparably and complement each other in all grades of CTS. USG, can be considered a preferable screening tool by the patients of CTS due to its painless nature and easy accessibility. It requires minimal time and many a times detects those structural abnormalities which have great therapeutic implications. In mild CTS cases, USG should always be combined with NCS for proper diagnosis as USG might give negative result.

scholarly journals Association of Serum Cystatin C with Pre-eclampsia: A Case Control Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Nasima Akhter ◽  
Farzana Deeba ◽  
Begum Nasrin ◽  
Saleha Begum Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Cystatin C ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Serum Cystatin C ◽  
Serum Cystatin ◽  
Control Serum ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Control Study

Background: Cystatin C, an endogenous marker of renal function, which increases in pregnancy as more so in pre-eclampsia, studies show it may be marker of pre-eclampsia. Objective (s): The objective of the present work was to investigate the association between serum cystatin C levels in normal and pre-eclamptic pregnancy. Methods and material: This case control study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology in three tertiary care hospitals of Dhaka city (BSMMU, DMC, BIRDEM ) during the period from January 2009 to December 2010. A total 240 women of 20-40 wks of pregnancy were enrolled in the study. One hundred and twenty four women of pre-eclampsia were recruited as case and 116 healthy pregnant women were enrolled as control. Serum cystatin C was measured in both case and control by a fully automated particle-enhanced immune-turbidimetric assay for cystatin C in undiluted samples. Serum cystatin C level was compared between the groups. P value reached from unpaired student t-test and chi square test by analyzing the data. P value less than 0.05 was considered to be significant. Results: The mean (±SD) serum cystatin C levels in case group was 1.17±0.34 mg/lranged from 0.1-2.2 mg/l. In control groups the mean (±SD) serum cystatin C level was 0.87±0.31 mg/l, ranged from 0.24-1.98 mg/l, which was significantly higher (p<0.001) in case. There was statistically significant association between serum cystatin C and pre-eclampsia. Serum Cystatin C level >1mg/l was found in more than half (69%) of the cases compared to 25% of the control group (p<0.001). Computation of odds ratio reveals that the cases had 6.79 times higher risk of having pre-eclampsia than that of the control group (p<0.001). Conclusion: There is significant association between pre-eclampsia and serum cystatin C Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2017; Vol. 32(1): 29-32

scholarly journals Serum magnesium and uric acid levels in pre-diabetic patients – A case control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-233
Author(s):  
Jeevakumar Ravichandran
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Control Study

Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder affecting many organs and the leading cause of morbidity and mortality across the world because the disease is insidious. The diagnosis often is delayed and may affect both larger and smaller blood vessels. Prediabetes is a state of a person before the diagnosis of diabetes which is associated with many diabetic complications. The purpose of this study is to find the association of serum magnesium and uric acid levels in prediabetes. It is a case control study where subjects with prediabetes were considered as cases and subjects with normal glucose levels as controls. The subject’s serum glucose levels, serum zinc levels and serum magnesium levels of both the groups was measured and analyzed. The mean of the Serum Magnesium level in cases was 1.42 ± 0.54 mg/dl and that of controls is 1.93 ± 0.44 mg/dl and the mean of the Serum Uric acid levels in cases among males and females are 7 ± 1.95 mg/dl and 6.63 ± 1.71 mg/dl respectively and that of controls is 5.02 ± 0.98 mg/dl and 4.31 ± 0.87 mg/dl which were statistically significant. The results obtained are in such a way that there is a decreased magnesium and increased uric acid levels in prediabetes. Hypomagnesemia might be due to defective insulin receptor phosphorylation, decreased glucokinase activity and closing of potassium channels causing insulin resistance or impaired insulin secretion or both. Hyperuricemia would be due to tubular hypertrophy, oxidative stress and inflammation. Finding this relation will help us to prevent progression of prediabetes to diabetes by suitable diet, exercise and life style modifications.

scholarly journals Characteristic of Anaemia in Hypothyroid Pregnant Females: A Case-control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salamah Parveen Imteyaz ◽  
Bijli Nanda ◽  
Manisha Jindal ◽  
Mohammad Jaseem Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Common Type ◽  
P Value ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Introduction: Anaemia is the most prevalent haematological abnormalities associated with thyroid disorders and it is often the first sign of hypothyroidism. Pregnancy is frequently associated with anaemia; most commonly iron deficiency anaemia, followed by dimorphic anaemia. Pregnancy complicated by the development of hypothyroidism could be further associated with a higher incidence of anaemia. Aim: To determine the incidence and characteristic of anaemia in pregnancy associated with hypothyroidism. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted in a Medical college hospital during January 2015 to January 2016. A total of 272 pregnant women were enrolled in the study by random sampling of all pregnant females attending Out Patient Department of our hospital. Serum Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) level was used to detect thyroid function abnormalities. Complete Blood count was done. Peripheral blood smear was stained by Leishman stain and subsequently studied under microscope for morphological classification of anaemia. Anaemia was further classified according to the Haemoglobin (Hb) level into mild, moderate and severe anaemia. Unpaired t-test, Pearson’s correlation test and chi-square test have been used in the study for analysis and comparison of various parametres. p-value <0.05 considered level of significance. Results: Out of total of 272 subjects selected for the study, 207 were euthyroid and 65 were hypothyroid. Of the 65 hypothyroid subjects, 19 were in the first trimester, 25 in the second trimester and 21 were in the third trimester. The mean TSH of euthyroid group was 2.49±1.35 mIU/L and hypothyroid group was 6.27±3.6 mIU/L (p-value 0.0001). Mean Hb of Euthyroid was 10.16 g/dL, while mean Hb of hypothyroid subjects was 8.92 g/dL and this difference was significant (p<0.001). A total of 191 (70.22%) out of 272 pregnant subject were found to be anaemic. About 131 (63.28%) out of 207 of euthyroid patients were anaemic, while 92.31% of hypothyroid patients (60 out of 65) showed anaemia. A significant association was found between Hypothyroidism and anaemia (p-value <0.0001). The mean Thyroid stimulating hormone value of anaemic patients was 3.98±1.02, which is significantly higher (p<0.0001) than TSH value of 2.65±0.98 as seen in non-anaemic patients. The majority of anaemia cases in both euthyroid and hypothyroid groups were found to be of moderate severity. Dimorphic anaemia was the most common type of anaemia morphologically in both euthyroid and hypothyroid subjects. It was also the most common type of anaemia in all three trimesters. Conclusion: The incidence of anaemia was higher in the hypothyroid group compared to the euthyroid group. Thus, it is very important to study the incidence and type of anaemia in hypothyroid pregnant females, so that appropriate early nutritional and medicinal intervention can be taken so as to prevent the morbidity and mortality in these patients.

scholarly journals Evaluation of LL 37 Lipoprotein as Innate Immunity Marker among Sudanese Patients Cutaneous Leishmania

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayat H. Bakr ◽  
Abugroun E A ◽  
AbdElkarim A. Abdrabo ◽  
Omeyma A. Mohamed ◽  
Mokhtar M A ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Case Control ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Genus Leishmania ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Micromolar Range

Background: The leishmaniasis is a group of diseases with a broad range of clinical manifestations caused by several species of parasites belonging to the genus Leishmania. LL-37/hCAP18, the only cathelicidin in human, is expressed as an 18-kDa preproprotein. The most prominent function of cathelicidins is their ability to inhibit propagation of a diverse range of microorganisms, which occurs at a micromolar range. Aim: The study was aimed to evaluate the LL37 plasma level in Leishmania Sudanese patients. Materials and Methods: In a case-control study, three hundred subjects were enrolled (200 as case and 100 controls). Five ml. of venous blood was collected in EDTA container, then plasma was obtained and stored frozen at -80ºC. LL 37 was estimated using competitive ELISA. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results: The results revealed that 115 (57%) of Leishimania patients were male and 85 (43%) were female. Plasma LL 37 level was significantly increased in Leishmania patients (1.30±0.71) compared to the control (0.21±0.20) with (p-value 0.000). Conclusion: Leishmania patients had higher levels of plasma LL37, suggesting effective anti-microbial immunity process enhancing healing of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Keywords:  Cathelicidins; LL37, Innate Immunity, Leishmania , Sudan.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document