scholarly journals pyPOCQuant - A tool to automatically quantify Point-Of-Care Tests from images

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas P. Cuny ◽  
Fabian Rudolf ◽  
Aaron Ponti
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Quantitative Measurement ◽  
Digital Images ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Visual Interpretation ◽  
Point Of Care Tests

AbstractLateral flow Point-Of-Care Tests (POCTs) are a valuable tool for rapidly detecting pathogens and the associated immune response in humans and animals. In the context of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, they offer rapid on-site diagnostics and can relieve centralized laboratory testing sites, thus freeing resources that can be focused on especially vulnerable groups. However, visual interpretation of the POCT test lines is subjective, error prone and only qualitative. Here we present pyPOCQuant, an open-source tool implemented in Python 3 that can robustly and reproducibly analyze POCTs from digital images and return an unbiased and quantitative measurement of the POCT test lines.

Investigations and microscopy

2019 ◽  
pp. 63-80
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Dark Ground ◽  
Point Of Care Tests

This chapter covers investigations and tests commonly used in sexual health. Some investigations can be performed on-site as the patient waits, such as urinalysis, pregnancy tests, and increasingly available point of care tests for infections such as HIV and, less commonly, the other blood-borne viruses, syphilis, Trichomonas vaginalis. On-site microscopy helps with diagnosis of genital candidiasis, bacterial vaginosis, N. gonorrhoeae infection, and T. vaginalis. Other investigations require sending samples away for laboratory testing of genital or ulcer swab, urine, or blood samples for STI and blood-borne viruses. This chapter explains the use of light and dark ground microscopy, near patient rapid test technologies, molecular methods such as nucleic acid amplification, culture and serology. Sensitivities and specificities of commonly available test kits are included.

Evaluation of three different point-of-care tests for quantitative measurement of canine C-reactive protein

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Katherine Jasensky ◽  
Stefanie Klenner ◽  
Ralf Einspanier ◽  
Barbara Kohn
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Measurement ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Point Of Care Tests

scholarly journals Rapid, Near Point-of-Care Assay for HLA-B*57:01 Genotype Associated with Severe Hypersensitivity Reaction to Abacavir

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackson J Wallner ◽  
Ingrid A Beck ◽  
Nuttada Panpradist ◽  
Parker S Ruth ◽  
Humberto Valenzuela-Ponce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hypersensitivity Reaction ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Globin Gene ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Beta Globin ◽  
Visual Interpretation ◽  
Lateral Flow Strip ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
High Resource ◽  
Severe Hypersensitivity Reaction

Objective: The nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor abacavir is commonly used to treat young children with HIV infection. Abacavir can trigger a severe hypersensitivity reaction in people who are homozygous or heterozygous for HLA-B*57:01. Testing for HLA-B*57:01 prior to abacavir initiation is standard-of-care in high-resource settings, but current tests are too costly for resource-limited settings. To address this gap, we developed an inexpensive, simple-to-use rapid assay to detect HLA-B*57:01. Methods: We designed and optimized a multiplexed PCR to amplify HLA-B*57 subtypes and the human beta-globin gene. Subsequently, probes annealed to the amplicon and were ligated when specific for the HLA-B*57:01 allele. Ligated products were detected by immunocapture in a lateral flow strip. Cell lines with known HLA genotypes were used to optimize the assay. The assay was then evaluated by comparing the genotype of clinical specimens (n=60) enriched for individuals with HLA-B*57:01 by the new assay to that from sequencing. Results: The optimized multiplex PCR for B*57 and beta-globin resulted in a 40-minute, 35-cycle amplification, followed by a 20-minute ligation reaction and 15-minute detection step. Evaluation of the HLA-B*57:01 oligonucleotide ligation assay using clinical specimens had a sensitivity of 100% (n=27/27 typed as B*57:01) and specificity of 100% (n=33/33 typed as non-B*57:01) by visual interpretation of lateral flow strips. Conclusions: This rapid and economical assay can accurately detect the presence of HLA-B*57:01 in clinical specimens. Use of this assay could expand access to HLA-B*57:01 genotyping and facilitate safe same-day initiation of abacavir-based treatment.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Serological SARS-CoV-2 Lateral Flow Assays for Rapid Point of Care Testing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven E Conklin ◽  
Kathryn Martin ◽  
Yukari C Manabe ◽  
Haley A Schmidt ◽  
Morgan Keruly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Testing Performance ◽  
Lateral Flow Assays ◽  
Point Of Care Tests

Background. Rapid point-of-care tests (POCTs) for SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies vary in performance. A critical need exists to perform head-to-head comparison of these assays. Methods. Performance of fifteen different lateral flow POCTs for the detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies was performed on a well characterized set of 100 samples. Of these, 40 samples from known SARS-CoV-2-infected, convalescent individuals (average of 45 days post symptom onset) were used to assess sensitivity. Sixty samples from the pre-pandemic era (negative control), that were known to have been infected with other respiratory viruses (rhinoviruses A, B, C and/or coronavirus 229E, HKU1, NL63 OC43) were used to assess specificity. The timing of seroconversion was assessed on five POCTs on a panel of 272 longitudinal samples from 47 patients of known time since symptom onset. Results. For the assays that were evaluated, the sensitivity and specificity for any reactive band ranged from 55%-97% and 78%-100%, respectively. When assessing the performance of the IgM and the IgG bands alone, sensitivity and specificity ranged from 0%-88% and 80%-100% for IgM and 25%-95% and 90%-100% for IgG. Longitudinal testing revealed that median time post symptom onset to a positive result was 7 days (IQR 5.4, 9.8) for IgM and 8.2 days (IQR 6.3 to 11.3). Conclusion. The testing performance varied widely among POCTs with most variation related to the sensitivity of the assays. The IgM band was most likely to misclassify pre-pandemic samples. The appearance of IgM and IgG bands occurred almost simultaneously.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Serological SARS-CoV-2 Lateral Flow Assays for Rapid Point of Care Testing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven E. Conklin ◽  
Kathryn Martin ◽  
Yukari C Manabe ◽  
Haley A Schmidt ◽  
Jernelle Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Testing Performance ◽  
Lateral Flow Assays ◽  
Point Of Care Tests

Background. Rapid point-of-care tests (POCTs) for SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies vary in performance. A critical need exists to perform head-to-head comparison of these assays. Methods. Performance of fifteen different lateral flow POCTs for the detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies was performed on a well characterized set of 100 samples. Of these, 40 samples from known SARS-CoV-2-infected, convalescent individuals (average of 45 days post symptom onset) were used to assess sensitivity. Sixty samples from the pre-pandemic era (negative control), that were known to have been infected with other respiratory viruses (rhinoviruses A, B, C and/or coronavirus 229E, HKU1, NL63 OC43) were used to assess specificity. The timing of seroconversion was assessed on five LFAs on a panel of 272 longitudinal samples from 47 patients of known time since symptom onset. Results. For the assays that were evaluated, the sensitivity and specificity for any reactive band ranged from 55%-97% and 78%-100%, respectively. When assessing the performance of the IgM and the IgG bands alone, sensitivity and specificity ranged from 0%-88% and 80%-100% for IgM and 25%-95% and 90%-100% for IgG. Longitudinal testing revealed that median time post symptom onset to a positive result was 7 days (IQR 5.4, 9.8) for IgM and 8.2 days (IQR 6.3 to 11.3) for IgG. Conclusion. The testing performance varied widely among LFAs with most variation related to the sensitivity of the assays. The IgM band was most likely to misclassify pre-pandemic samples. The appearance of IgM and IgG bands occurred almost simultaneously.

Management of Bleeding in the Postoperative Cardiac Patient

2015 ◽  
pp. 873-889
Author(s):  
Nadia Hensley ◽  
Marc Sussman
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Postoperative Bleeding ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Surgical Patient ◽  
Cardiac Surgical Patient ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Diagnostic Capabilities ◽  
Point Of Care Tests

Bleeding in the postoperative cardiac surgical patient can be multifactorial. This chapter examines the preoperative and intraoperative risk factors for having significant postoperative bleeding. It also discuss the advantages and disadvantages of standard laboratory testing as well as point-of-care tests, such as thromboelastography (TEG) and thromboelastometry (ROTEM), in their diagnostic capabilities. Finally, we conclude with different treatment strategies in this challenging patient population along with diagnostic criteria of clinically significant postoperative bleeding and when to return to the operating room for re-exploration.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Antigen-Detecting Half-Strip Lateral Flow Assay Toward the Development of Point of Care Tests Using Commercially Available Reagents

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (16) ◽  
pp. 11305-11309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin D. Grant ◽  
Caitlin E. Anderson ◽  
John R. Williford ◽  
Luis F. Alonzo ◽  
Veronika A. Glukhova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Lateral Flow Assay ◽  
Half Strip ◽  
Point Of Care Tests

scholarly journals Rapid point-of-care testing for COVID-19: quality of supportive information for lateral flow serology assays

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e047163
Author(s):  
Patrick Kierkegaard ◽  
Anna McLister ◽  
Peter Buckle
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Quality Of Information ◽  
Information Transparency ◽  
Inductive Approach ◽  
Online Searches ◽  
Device Use ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Point Of Care Tests

ObjectiveThere is a lack of evidence addressing several important human factors questions pertaining to the quality of supportive information provided by commercial manufacturers that can affect the adoption and use of lateral flow serology assays in practice. We aimed to: (1) identify and assess the quality of information that commercial manufacturers provided for their point-of-care tests (POCTs) and (2) examine the implications of these findings on real-world settings.DesignWe used a content analysis methodology in two stages to systematically, code and analyse textual data from documents of commercial manufacturers. A deductive approach was applied using a coding guide based on the validated Point-of-Care Key Evidence Tool (POCKET) multidimensional checklist. An inductive approach was used to identify new patterns or themes generated from our textual analysis.SettingPublicly available supportive information documents by commercial manufacturers for lateral flow serology, were identified and gathered from online searches.ParticipantsSupportive information documents retrieved from online searches over 3 months (March 2020 to June 2020).ResultsA total of 79 POCTs were identified that met the study inclusion criteria. Using the POCKET coding guide, we found that the quality of information varied significantly between the manufacturers and was often lacking in detail. Our inductive approach further examined these topics and found that several statements were vague and that significant variations in the level of details existed between manufacturers.ConclusionsThis study revealed significant concerns surrounding the supportive information reported by manufacturers for lateral flow serology assays. Information transparency was poor and human factor issues were not properly addressed to mitigate the risk of improper device use, although it should be noted that the results of our study are limited by the data that manufactures were prepared to disclose. Overall, commercial manufacturers should improve the quality and value of information presented in their supporting documentation.

Antibody Screening Results for Anti-Nucleocapsid Antibodies Towards the Development of a SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein Antigen Detecting Lateral Flow Assay

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Cate ◽  
Helen Hsieh ◽  
Veronika Glukhova ◽  
Joshua D Bishop ◽  
H Gleda Hermansky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleocapsid Protein ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Antibody Screening ◽  
Liquid Handling ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Accurate Performance ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Assay Conditions

<p></p><p>The global COVID-19 pandemic has created an urgent demand for large numbers of inexpensive, accurate, rapid, point-of-care diagnostic tests. Analyte-based assays are suitably inexpensive and can be rapidly mass-produced, but for sufficiently accurate performance they require highly optimized antibodies and assay conditions. We used an automated liquid handling system, customized to handle arrays of lateral flow immunoassay (LFA) tests in a high-throughput screen, to identify anti-nucleocapsid antibodies that will perform optimally in an LFA. We tested 1021 anti-nucleocapsid antibody pairs as LFA capture and detection reagents with the goal of highlighting pairs that have the greatest affinity for unique epitopes of the nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV-2 within the LFA format. In contrast to traditional antibody screening methods (e.g., ELISA, bio-layer interferometry), the method described here integrates real-time reaction kinetics with transport in, and immobilization directly onto, nitrocellulose. We have identified several candidate antibody pairs that are suitable for further development of an LFA for SARS-CoV-2.</p><p></p>

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