scholarly journals Hematological and biochemical predictors of bone marrow metastases in non-hematological malignancies: a clinico-pathological analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shruti Agrawal ◽  
Rekha Bhandari ◽  
Vinay N Gowda ◽  
Amit Gupta ◽  
Neha Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Hematological Malignancies ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspirate ◽  
Serum Lactate ◽  
Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Bone Marrow Metastasis ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Bone Marrow Metastases ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hematological And Biochemical Parameters

AbstractBackgroundBone marrow metastasis is a significant presentation of many non-hematological malignancies. The present study was conducted with the aim of analysing the clinical, hematological and biochemical parameters of the patients with bone marrow metastases and to determine the parameters which could be possible indicators of bone marrow metastases.Material and methodsBone marrow aspirate, imprint and biopsy slides of 22 cases with bone marrow metastases were reviewed and the hematological and biochemical data of all these cases was compared with that of 20 controls who had no evidence of metastases.ResultsThe mean values of mean platelet volume (MPV), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were found to be significantly different (p<0.001) between the cases and controls. A MPV<8.1 fL, NLR>3.5 and LDH>452 U/L showed high likelihood ratio in predicting bone marrow metastases.ConclusionParameters such as MPV, NLR and LDH can be used as efficient and easily available means to predict bone marrow metastasis for an early diagnosis.

Does diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging have a place in the differential diagnosis of brucella sacroiliitis and seronegative spondyloarthropathy?

2020 ◽  
pp. 028418512093837
Author(s):  
Sunay Sibel Karayol ◽  
Kudret Cem Karayol
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Visual Evaluation ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
The Mean

Background The aim of this study is to investigate the role of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the differential diagnosis of sacroiliitis. Purpose To compare the sacroiliac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations of patients with suspected active sacroiliitis with patients with acute SpA MR findings and the DWI examinations of patients with acute brucella sacroiliitis, and thereby determine whether DWI can contribute to the differential diagnosis. Material and Methods A total of 84 patients were included in the study and were separated into three groups: group 1 (13 women, 6 men) comprised cases with brucella positive for sacroiliitis; group 2 (17 women, 19 men) comprised cases negative for brucella but with sacroiliitis; and group 3 (16 women, 13 men) comprised cases negative for brucella and sacroiliitis. Results The mean bone marrow apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values independently of edema were determined as 0.71 × 10−3 in sacroiliitis and brucella-positive patients, as 0.53 × 10−3 in brucella-negative and sacroiliitis-positive patients, and as 0.43 × 10−3 in the control group of brucella-negative sacroiliitis-negative patients. In the ADC measurements taken from areas of evident edema in patients with sacroiliitis, the mean values were 0.13 × 10−3 in the brucella-positive group and 0.12 × 10−3 in the brucella-negative group. Conclusion By adding DWI, which is a rapid MR sequence, to sacroiliac joint MR examination, normal bone marrow and bone marrow with sacroiliitis can be objectively differentiated with ADC measurements in addition to visual evaluation.

scholarly journals Retroarticular Drilling with Supplemental Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate for the Treatment of Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Knee

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (7_suppl4) ◽  
pp. 2325967118S0013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey Davidson ◽  
Nathan L. Grimm ◽  
Melissa A. Christino ◽  
S. Clifton Willimon ◽  
Michael T. Busch
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Osteochondritis Dissecans ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspirate ◽  
Femoral Condyle ◽  
Lesion Size ◽  
Autogenous Bone ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Back Filling

Objectives: Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) is an idiopathic alteration of the subchondral bone which may lead to early osteoarthritis. This condition is commonly seen in the knee and is more common in young, athletic individuals. Several techniques have been developed to address the variable presentation of OCD in the knee, each with varying results. To our knowledge the use of autogenous bone marrow supplementation to an OCD lesion has not been described. The purpose of this study was to determine the radiographic healing of OCD lesions of the knee in a cohort of young, active patients who underwent retroarticular drilling of an OCD lesion with supplemental back-filling with bone marrow aspirate concentrate as an adjuvant to facilitate healing. Methods: We evaluated adolescent patients who were diagnosed with OCD of the knee who had previously failed non-operative, conservative treatment. All subjects underwent retroarticular drilling of the knee with supplemental back-filling of the lesion with bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC®), harvested from the ilium, by two Orthopaedic Surgeons from a single institution. Based off previously published definitions, lesions were assigned as small if < 320 mm2 or large >320 mm2. All lesions were then followed radiographically for evidence of healing. Healing was graded based off the ROCK (Research in OsteoChondritis of the Knee) group radiographic healing criteria, which has shown excellent reliability. The healing was rated by two independent reviewers and when disagreements were noted a third reviewer was brought in to facilitate group consensus on healing. Results: 52 lesions in 49 patients were included in the study. 26 right knees, 26 left knees with 41 lesions located on the medial femoral condyle and 11 lesions located on the lateral femoral condyle. The mean age of the subjects was 12.5 (10 - 17) years old. 30 subjects were male, 19 were female. All lesions were categorized as immobile lesions based off the ROCK Arthroscopy Classification. The average OCD lesion size was 407 mm2 (132 - 899 mm2), respectively. The mean amount of BMAC® used per OCD lesion was 60 mL (45 - 120 mL). 40 lesions (76.9%) were rated as healed at a mean of 10.6 (2 - 32) months. 10 lesions (18.9%) were rated as 25-75% healed and 3.8% were rated at 0 - 25% healed at latest follow-up. 76.5% of large lesions were rated as healed at final follow-up. Whereas 77.8% of small lesions were rated as healed at final follow-up. There were three complications (1 rash from skin glue, 1 suture abscess, and 1 contact dermatitis from surgical cleansing prep) however no complications were noted from the surgical intervention or BMAC®. Conclusion: Overall healing rates with surgical treatment of OCD lesions that have failed non-operative interventions are variable. For immobile lesions, mainstay treatment options include retroarticular and transarticular drilling. Based off previous definitions of lesion size, the mean lesion size in our cohort would be categorized as “large” with 65% of our lesions falling into this category. Previously published series have shown that large lesions are significantly less likely to heal. Despite this we showed a 76.5% healing rate for large lesions. Overall, the adjuvant supplementation of BMAC® as back-fill for retrograde drilling of large OCD lesions of the knee has shown excellent results with no serious complications associated with its use. Future randomized trials are necessary to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of this treatment method.

scholarly journals Heterogeneity of cell lineages in L3 leukemias

Blood ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 694-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Koziner ◽  
R Mertelsmann ◽  
M Andreeff ◽  
Z Arlin ◽  
H Hansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Surface Membrane ◽  
Serum Lactate ◽  
Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ◽  
Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Cell Lineages ◽  
Enzymatic Markers ◽  
Adult Leukemia

Abstract Five cases of adult leukemia with L3 morphology in bone marrow were studied for the presence of immunologic, metabolic, and enzymatic markers. Among the five patients, there were four males and female. Median age was 66 with a range of 16–80 yr. Median survival was only 5 mo. Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, 3H-thymidine labeling indices, and DNA/RNA content of the L3 lymphoblasts were markedly elevated. B-cell markers were found in three cases, two exhibiting surface membrane IgM-lambda, and one IgG-K. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) enzymatic activity was consistently low in this group. In one case, the L3 lymphoblasts displayed only surface Fc receptors demonstrated by the binding of aggregated IgG. TdT activity was found to be significantly increased. In another instance, the lymphoblasts formed spontaneous rosettes with sheep erythrocytes and exhibited paranuclear staining with acid phosphatase. TdT activity was found to be low. Although most of the L3 leukemias are neoplasias of B lymphocytes, other lineages may also express this morphology.

Role of Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) As a Prognostic Marker for Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Multiple Myeloma.

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (21) ◽  
pp. 3115-3115
Author(s):  
Krina Patel ◽  
Robert Z. Orlowski ◽  
Nina Shah ◽  
Qaiser Bashir ◽  
Simrit Parmar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Serum Lactate ◽  
Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Abstract 3115 Background: The International Staging System (ISS), chromosomal abnormalities, and response to therapy are well recognized predictors of outcome in multiple myeloma (MM). However, the role of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as a prognostic marker for MM is not well established. Recently we showed that high LDH at diagnosis of MM is a predictor of shorter survival. Here we report the impact of the LDH level at the time of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HCT) on its outcome. Methods: We evaluated 1,658 patients with symptomatic myeloma who underwent auto-HCT from July 1988 to December 2010 at our institution. The primary objective was to determine the impact of high LDH (>1000 IU/L) level, obtained on the start day of the preparative regimen, on progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Results: Patient characteristics according to LDH level at auto-HCT are summarized in Table 1. Patients in the 2 LDH groups (>1000 or ≤ 1000) were matched for age, gender, disease status, and response to prior therapy at the time of auto-HCT. Patients with LDH >1000 IU/L had a significantly higher beta-2 microglobulin (β2m) and bone marrow plasmacytosis at the time of auto-HCT. Median times to neutrophil (10 vs. 10 days: p=0.10) and platelet engraftment (11.3 vs.12.2 days: p=0.20) were not different in the 2 groups. Also, there was no significant difference in CR, VGPR, PR or overall response rates between the 2 groups. Median follow up was 35 months (1 to 244). Median OS in patients with LDH >1000 and ≤ 1000 were 49.2 and 68.0 months, respectively (p=0.03). Median PFS in patients with LDH >1000 and ≤ 1000 were 14.4 and 24.7 months, respectively (p=0.001). On univariate analyses, >10% plasma cells in bone marrow biopsy, relapsed disease, serum β2M ≥ 3.5 at auto-HCT, presence of any chromosomal abnormality, and < PR after auto-HCT were associated with significantly shorter PFS and OS. Conclusions: Having a serum LDH value of >1000 IU/L prior to auto-HCT is associated with shorter PFS and OS in patients with MM. These high risk patients may require aggressive post-transplant therapy, including consolidation, maintenance, tandem transplants or novel approaches like immunotherapy. Disclosures: Shah: Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.

scholarly journals Extensive Bone Marrow Necrosis: Initial Presentation in Sickle Cell Anemia—A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameera A. Alsafwani ◽  
Abdulwahed Al-Saeed ◽  
Rehab Bukhamsin
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Bone Marrow Examination ◽  
Serum Lactate ◽  
Initial Presentation ◽  
Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Bone Marrow Necrosis ◽  
Unexpected Findings

Bone marrow necrosis (BMN) is a rare clinical entity that was first described in an autopsy of a sickle cell disease (SCD) patient and is defined as ill-defined necrotic cells in an amorphous eosinophilic background with preservation of cortical bone. The pathophysiology of BMN is not well known; however, occlusion of the bone marrow microcirculation with subsequent hypoxia and cell injury has been thought to be common underlying features. Malignancy has been identified to be the primary cause in 90% of the cases whereas SCD was found in only 2%. In this report we present an unusual case of SCD with late onset of the disease whose initial presentation was extensive BMN. The patient was not known previously to have SCD, when suddenly she presented with severe cytopenias and marked elevation in serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Bone marrow examination was done to exclude bone marrow infiltration, and BMN with dilated marrow sinuses full of irreversibly sickled cells were the unexpected findings. Patients with a mild SCD phenotype are at high risk of BMN. Thus, a high index of suspicion must be borne in mind, particularly in an area of high SCD prevalence, to recognize and prevent this catastrophic complication.

scholarly journals The Association between Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase Level and In-hospital Death due to Pulmonary Embolism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samad Ghaffari ◽  
Reza Hajizadeh ◽  
Tooba Mohammadi ◽  
Hadis Kavandi ◽  
Kamran Mohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Serum Lactate ◽  
Hospital Death ◽  
Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase Level ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background: Few studies are evaluating the prognostic value of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in patients with pulmonary embolism (PE). We analyzed the possible power of serum LDH levels to predict in-hospital mortality.Methods: In this cross-sectional study 217 patients with confirmed PE diagnosis with CT angiography and available serum LDH level at first 24-hours upon admission were included.Results: The mean age of patients was 63.04±16.81 years old, 23 patients (10.6%) died during hospitalization. Multivariate analysis showed that only LDH, WBC were independent predictors of in-hospital mortality, however, this association was not significant.Conclusion: LDH can be a good prognostic marker for predicting in-hospital death in patients with pulmonary embolism.

scholarly journals Study of serum lactate dehydrogenase level as diagnostic and prognostic indicator of megaloblastic anemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1199
Author(s):  
Neelendra Chakravarty ◽  
D. Santhikiran ◽  
Anupam Brahma ◽  
U. R. Singh ◽  
P. C. Kol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Megaloblastic Anemia ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase Level ◽  
Serum Lactate ◽  
Megaloblastic Anaemia ◽  
Memorial Hospital ◽  
Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Blood Picture

Background: Megaloblastic anaemia is the hematologic manifestation of faulty proliferation of blood cell precursors. The present study was done to facilitate the diagnosis prior to performing any bone marrow aspirate by estimation of the value of serum LDH in the diagnosis of megaloblastic anaemia.Methods: The cases were selected from patients attended the OPD and admitted in Sanjay Gandhi Memorial Hospital & Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Shyam Shah Medical College, Rewa, Madhya Pradesh. Following investigations were then done to classify anaemia and to establish the diagnosis of megaloblastic anaemia like Haemoglobin estimation by cyanmethaemoglobin method, PCV, RBC count and absolute values, general blood picture, reticulocyte count, bone marrow examination and serum LDH estimation before and after treatment.Results: Of the 100 cases, 50 cases (50%) of the cases were microcytic hypochromic anaemia. 15 cases (15%) were normocytic normochromic anaemia; 35 cases (35%) were macrocytic anaemia on the basis of general blood picture and absolute values. The incidence of megaloblastic anaemia in Indian adults was 20%. Maximum number of cases (90%) of the cases had serum LDH level of more than 1000 U/L. Range of serum LDH level was 520 U/L to 4520 U/L. Thus, there was 2 to 20-fold of highest reference value (240 U/L at37 C) rise in serum LDH level in megaloblastic anaemia.Conclusions: Megaloblasatic anaemia is not uncommon in Indian adults and serum LDH levels provide an important means of diagnosis. It is a non-invasive procedure, safe, and does not require any expertise.

scholarly journals Accessing the Hypoglycemic Effects of Seed Extract from Celery (Apium graveolens) in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Kamal Mans ◽  
Talal Aburjai
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Neutrophil Percentage ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hematological And Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Wbc Count

Aims: The present study is aimed to evaluate the potential mechanism of antidiabetic action of seed extract celery (Apium graveolens) and its effects on some hematological and biochemical parameters in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Study Design: Laboratory-experimental design was used in this study. Methodology: This study was conducted on fifty experimental animals. Adult albino rats (Sprague-Dawely strain) weighing about 220 g each were used throughout the study. Fifty rats were randomly assigned to five experimental groups of 10 rats each: Group 1 - received normal saline (0.5 ml/kg), and serves as control. Group II - gavaged daily for thirty days with 1ml of the extract at doses of 425 mg/kg body wt and served as control. Group III - Untreated diabetic rats that received two doses of alloxan 150 mg/kg. Group IV - Treated diabetic rats for thirty consecutive days with 1 ml of the extract at a dose of 425 mg/kg body wt.  Group V: Treated diabetic rats for thirty consecutive days with 14.2 mg/kg of metformin. Several hematological and biochemical parameters were assessed. Results: It was found that the administration of ethanol extract of A. graveolens produced significant reduction in blood glucose level in diabetic rats after thirty days of treatment. However, there was a significant (P=.05) increase of insulin secretion. Also, the RBC and WBC count, PCV and neutrophil percentage decreased significantly (P=.05). This study indicated that the ethanol extract increased the RBC and WBC counts, PCV, ESR, and neutrophil percentage in diabetic rats. However, the WBC count of the extract - treated diabetic group was still lower than those of control values. Administration of the extract resulted in a significant reduction in the mean values of serum cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C, ESR, urea, uric acid, creatinine accompanied by an increase in the mean values of total protein, albumin, insulin, HDL-C, neutrophile count and PCV in diabetic rats. No significant changes in these parameters were found in the control group. Effects produced by this extract were closely similar to a standard antidiabetic drug, metformin.   (p<0.05) hypoglycemic effects in alloxan-induced diabetic rats, protection against body weight loss of diabetic animals and might alleviate diabetes-induced disturbances of some biochemical and hematological parameters. Conclusion: our study was dedicated to monitoring changes in the lipid profile.

scholarly journals Serial In Vitro Bone Marrow Culture in Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia

Blood ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 687-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Duttera ◽  
J. M. Bull ◽  
J. D. Northup ◽  
E. S. Henderson ◽  
E. D. Stashick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Colony Growth ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Bone Marrow Cultures ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Nonlinear Fashion

Abstract Serial in vitro bone marrow cultures have been done on eight patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia. Colony-forming activity shows a rapid recovery from low values into the normal range in all patients who achieved stable remissions. Mean values for the stimulated cultures remained stable throughout consolidation, whereas the mean values for the unstimulated cultures declined during the same period. Relapse in two patients was preceded or accompanied by a concomitant decline in colony growth. Colony forming activity appears to be inhibited in a nonlinear fashion by increasing numbers of leukemic cells.

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