scholarly journals Which traits predict elevated distress during the Covid-19 pandemic? Results from a large, longitudinal cohort study with psychiatric patients and healthy controls

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Brosch ◽  
Tina Meller ◽  
Julia-Katharina Pfarr ◽  
Frederike Stein ◽  
Simon Schmitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Health Anxiety ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Health Impairment ◽  
At Risk Populations ◽  
Mental Health Impairment ◽  
Shed Light

Background: The Covid-19 pandemic resulted in repeated, prolonged restrictions in daily life. Social distancing policies as well as health anxiety are thought to lead to mental health impairment. However, there is lack of longitudinal data identifying at-risk populations particularly vulnerable for elevated Covid-19-related distress. Methods: We collected data of N=1268 participants (n=622 healthy controls (HC), and n=646 patients with major depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder) at baseline (2014-2018) and during the first lockdown in Germany (April-May 2020). We obtained information on Covid-19 restrictions (number and subjective impact of Covid-19 events), and Covid-19-related distress (i.e., subjective fear and isolation). Using multiple linear regression models including trait variables and individual Covid-19 impact, we sought to predict Covid-19-related distress. Results: HC and patients reported similar numbers of Covid-19-related events, and similar subjective impact rating. They did not differ in Covid-19-related subjective fear. Patients reported significantly higher subjective isolation. 30.5% of patients reported worsened self-rated symptoms since the pandemic. Subjective fear in all participants was predicted by four variables: trait anxiety (STAI-T), conscientiousness (NEO-FFI), Covid-19 impact, and sex. Subjective isolation in HC was predicted by social support (FSozu), Covid-19 impact, age, and sex; in patients, it was predicted by social support and Covid-19 impact. Conclusion: Our data shed light on differential effects of the pandemic in psychiatric patients and HC. They identify relevant, easy-to-obtain variables for risk profiles related to interindividual differences in Covid-19-related distress for direct translation into clinical practice. Keywords: Covid-19, mental health, stress, Big Five, social support

Acculturation, Social Support and Mental Health Outcomes among Syrian Refugees in Germany

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly Green ◽  
Elizabeth King ◽  
Florian Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Syrian Refugees ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Reverse Causality ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
German Culture ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Syrian refugees in Germany number around 700,000 and they are managing acculturation and mental health issues. In May–July 2018, we conducted a cross-sectional survey among 97 Syrian refugees in Germany using measures of acculturation, social support, depressive symptoms and wellbeing. We ran linear-regression models and created an interaction term of two aspects of acculturation, focused on the outcomes of depressive symptoms and wellbeing, along with the possible moderation of social support. Affiliation with German culture was positively associated with wellbeing. More acculturation to German culture may promote positive mental health. Higher levels of social support were associated with lower levels of wellbeing and higher levels of depressive symptoms; this could reflect reverse causality or more connections with those back home. This study provides insight into acculturation and mental health among a significant refugee population in Germany.

scholarly journals Loneliness, mental health and COVID-19 in the Spanish population

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-62
Author(s):  
Berta Ausín ◽  
Clara González-Sanguino ◽  
Miguel Ángel Castellanos ◽  
Jesús Saiz ◽  
Carolina Ugidos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Spanish Population ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Related Data

The study aim was to assess the effects of the health emergency and the stay-at-home restrictions on loneliness variables in the Spanish population during the initial stage of COVID-19. A cross-sectional study was conducted through an online survey of 3480 people. From March 14, 2020, screening tests were used to evaluate sociodemographic and COVID-19-related data on loneliness, social support, the presence of mental health symptoms, discrimination, and spiritual well-being. Descriptive analyses were conducted and linear regression models were constructed. A negative association was found between loneliness and being older, being partnered, having children, being a university graduate, being retired or still working, having stronger religious beliefs, believing that information provided about the pandemic was adequate, having social support, and having self-compassion. Actions that promote social support and further studies on loneliness in groups of older people are needed to prevent the pandemic having a stronger impact on mental health and well-being.

scholarly journals Mental health burden of patients with diabetes before and after the initial outbreak of COVID-19: predictors of mental health impairment

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila Moradian ◽  
Martin Teufel ◽  
Lisa Jahre ◽  
Venja Musche ◽  
Madeleine Fink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Health Impairment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Mental Health Impairment ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic is affecting people’s mental health worldwide. Patients with diabetes are at risk for a severe course of illness when infected with SARS-CoV-2. The present study aims to retrospectively examine mental health changes in patients with diabetes in Germany before and after the initial COVID-19 outbreak, and to furthermore explore potential predictors of such changes. Methods Over the course of eight weeks from April to June 2020, 253 individuals diagnosed with diabetes participated in an online cross-sectional study. Participants completed an anonymous survey including demographics, depression (PHQ-2) and generalized anxiety symptoms (GAD-2), distress (DT), and health status (EQ-5D-3L). In addition, all instruments used were modified to retrospectively ask participants to recall their mental health and health status before the outbreak had started. Additionally examined factors were COVID-19-related fear, trust in governmental actions to face the pandemic, and the subjective level of information about COVID-19. Results This study shows a significant increase in prevalence of depression symptoms, generalized anxiety symptoms and distress, as well as significantly decreased health statuses in diabetes patients after the initial COVID-19 outbreak. Increased depression symptoms, generalized anxiety symptoms and distress were predicted by COVID-19-related fear, whereas trust in governmental actions to face COVID-19 predicted higher depression symptoms. Conclusions The results indicate a negative impact of the initial COVID-19 outbreak on mental health and health status in patients with diabetes. In order to improve the efficacy of psychological support strategies for diabetes patients during the pandemic, possible predictors of mental health impairment such as the aforementioned should be examined more thoroughly and addressed more openly.

Helping People Denied Disability Benefits for a Mental Health Impairment: The Supported Employment Demonstration

2021 ◽  
pp. appi.ps.2020006
Author(s):  
Jarnee Riley ◽  
Robert E. Drake ◽  
William Frey ◽  
Howard H. Goldman ◽  
Deborah R. Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Supported Employment ◽  
Disability Benefits ◽  
Health Impairment ◽  
Mental Health Impairment

scholarly journals Spanking and adult mental health impairment: The case for the designation of spanking as an adverse childhood experience

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 24-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracie O. Afifi ◽  
Derek Ford ◽  
Elizabeth T. Gershoff ◽  
Melissa Merrick ◽  
Andrew Grogan-Kaylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experience ◽  
Childhood Experience ◽  
Health Impairment ◽  
Adult Mental Health ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Mental Health Impairment

scholarly journals Mental Health Burden of Patients With Diabetes Before And After The Outbreak of COVID-19: Predictors of Mental Health Impairment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila Moradian ◽  
Martin Teufel ◽  
Lisa Jahre ◽  
Venja Musche ◽  
Madeleine Fink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Health Impairment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Mental Health Impairment ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Abstract Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is affecting people’s mental health worldwide. Patients with diabetes are at risk for a severe course when infected with SARS-CoV-2. The present study aims to retrospectively examine mental health changes in patients with diabetes in Germany before and after the COVID-19 outbreak, and to furthermore explore potential predictors of such changes.Methods: Over the course of eight weeks in early summer 2020, 253 individuals diagnosed with diabetes participated in an online cross-sectional study. Participants completed an anonymous survey including demographics, depression (PHQ-2) and generalized anxiety symptoms (GAD-2), distress (DT), and health status (EQ-5D-3L). In addition, all instruments used were adjusted to measure participants’ mental health and health status before the COVID-19 outbreak. Additionally examined factors were COVID-19-related fear, trust in governmental actions to face the pandemic, and the subjective level of information about COVID-19.Results: This study shows a significant increase in prevalence of depression symptoms, generalized anxiety symptoms and distress, as well as significantly decreased health statuses in diabetes patients after the COVID-19 outbreak. Increased depression symptoms, generalized anxiety symptoms and distress were predicted by COVID-19-related fear, whereas trust in governmental actions to face COVID-19 predicted higher depression symptoms.Conclusions: The results indicate a negative impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on mental health and health status in patients with diabetes. In order to improve the efficacy of psychological support strategies for diabetes patients during the pandemic, possible predictors of mental health impairment such as the aforementioned should be examined more thoroughly and addressed more openly.

Severity of mental health impairment and trajectories of improvement in an integrated primary care clinic.

2012 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 396-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig J. Bryan ◽  
Meghan L. Corso ◽  
Kent A. Corso ◽  
Chad E. Morrow ◽  
Kathryn E. Kanzler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Primary Care Clinic ◽  
Integrated Primary Care ◽  
Care Clinic ◽  
Health Impairment ◽  
Mental Health Impairment
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