scholarly journals Paraoxonase and acylated homoserine lactones in urine from patients with urinary tract infections--relationship to microbial diversity by 16S rRNA gene sequencing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E Lafleur ◽  
Jacquelyn S Meisel ◽  
Seth Commichaux ◽  
Richard L. E Amdur ◽  
Mihai Pop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Western Blots ◽  
Homoserine Lactones ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Acylated Homoserine Lactones

Paraoxonase (PON) comprises a trio of mammalian enzymes that have been reported to have a number of roles including the inhibition of bacterial virulence and biofilm formation by microorganisms that quorum sense with acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs). PON have previously been reported to inhibit P. aeruginosa biofilm formation in mammalian airways and skin. An innate immune role for PON in urinary tract infection has not previously been reported. We performed western blots for PON1 in urine from patients with urinary tract infection (UTI), and also tested UTI urine for the presence of AHLs using a cellular reporter system. Urine sample microbiota was assessed through sequencing of the 16S rRNA marker gene. We report here that PON1 was not found in the urine of control subjects, however, in patients with UTI, PON1 was associated with the presence of E. coli in urine. AHLs, but not PON, were found in the bulk urine of those with P. aeruginosa UTI. Microbial consortia of PON positive UTI urine was found to be distinct from PON negative UTI urine; differentially over-represented bacteria in PON positive samples included a number of environmental opportunists. We hypothesize that PON may inhibit the quorum sensing activity of AHLs in UTI, as has previously described in skin and airways.

scholarly journals Paraoxonase and acylated homoserine lactones in urine from patients with urinary tract infections

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Lafleur ◽  
Richard L. Amdur
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Western Blot Assay ◽  
Western Blots ◽  
Homoserine Lactones ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Acylated Homoserine Lactones

AbstractParaoxonases are mammalian enzymes that have a number of roles including the inhibition of bacterial virulence and biofilm formation by microorganisms that quorum sense with acylated homoserine lactones. Paraoxonases have previously been reported to inhibit P. aeruginosa biofilm formation in mammalian airways and skin. An innate immune role for paraoxonases in urinary tract infection has not previously been reported. We performed western blots for paraoxonase1 in urine from patients with urinary tract infection; we also tested urinary tract infection urine for the presence of acylated homoserine lactones using a cellular reporter system. We report here that paraoxonase1 was not found with our western blot assay in the urine of normal control patients; in those with urinary tract infection, paraoxonase1 was associated with E. coli UTI. Acylated homoserine lactones, but not paraoxonases, were found in the bulk urine of those with P. aeruginosa urinary tract infection. We hypothesize that paraoxonase may play a similar innate immune role in infected urine as has previously described in skin and airways.

scholarly journals Study the effect of different temperatures on the biofilm production in Proteus mirabilis isolated from urinary tract infection patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali A. Ghazay ◽  
Abbas Mayar Hezam ◽  
Mohammed M. Alkhuzaie ◽  
Israa Salih Obayes
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Tract Infections

15 isolates (39.4%) of Proteus mirabilis  were obtained from a total of 38  patients with urinary tract infections  in Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital. All isolates were diagnosed with phenotypic, microscopic and biochemical tests. PCR technique was also used as a confirmatory test to investigate the 16S rRNA gene (product size 239bp) in Proteus mirabilis  , where the results showed the presence of the gene in all isolates . On the other hand ,the detection of biofilm formation   in Proteus mirabilis  isolated from patients urinary tract infection was done using the tubes method .The results showed that 10 (75%) isolates were capable of producing the biofilm, where the value of the optical density of the formed biofilm ranged from 0.064-0.411 nm. Then, the effect of diefferent temperatures (25,30 37,40) ℃ on the Biofilm Formation in Proteus mirabilis  was studied, Where the most efficient bacteria were selected in the production of the biofilm and the test was carried out .The results showed that the bacteria were unable to form the biofilm at 25℃ either  at 3040℃, the biofilm is very thin at 37℃ and 40℃, it becomes a thick biofilm. The results of the current study showed that the temperature has a significant effect on the production of the biofilm and that the thickness of the biofilm increases with increasing temperature

scholarly journals Performance of Conventional Urine Culture Compared to 16S rRNA Gene Amplicon Sequencing in Children with Suspected Urinary Tract Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher W. Marshall ◽  
Marcia Kurs-Lasky ◽  
Christi L. McElheny ◽  
Sophia Bridwell ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Conventional Culture

Concordance between conventional culture and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing appears to be high. In children with equivocal culture results, 16S rRNA gene results may provide information that may help clarify the diagnosis.

scholarly journals Spread of Enterococcal Surface Protein in Antibiotic Resistant Entero-coccus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis isolates from Urinary Tract Infections

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Samadi Kafil ◽  
Ashraf Mohabati Mobarez
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Urinary Infection ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Tract Infections

Enterococci rank among leading cause of nosocomial bacteremia and urinary tract infection in hospital and community acquired infections. Several traits that may contribute to enhanced virulence have been identified in Enterococci. Extracellular surface protein (Esp) is a virulence factor that contributes in biofilm formation and resistance to environmental stresses. In this study we aimed to determine occurrence ofespinE. faeciumandE. faecalisisolates isolated from urinary tract infections and to investigate whether there is any correlation between presence ofespand antibiotic resistance. One hundred and sixty six isolates were collected from patients with UTI and after identification by biochemical and PCR, antibiotic resistances were examined. The presence ofespwas investigated by primer-specific PCR. 43.3% of isolates identified asE. faeciumand 56.7% asE. faecalis. Theespgene was found in 76.1% ofE. faeciumisolates and 77.9% ofE. faecalisisolate. There were significant correlation betweenesppositiveE. faeciumand resistance to Vancomycin (p<0.01), also inE.faecaliswe found correlation betweenesppositive and resistance to Ampicillin, Chloramphenicol and Tetracycline (p<0.01, p<0.01, p<0.01 respectively). Occurrence ofespin our isolates from urinary tract infection was high that indicates importance of this gene in urinary tract infections and shows importance of ability to forming biofilm and hydrophobicity of surface of Enterococci for causing urinary infection by Enterococci. Also, our finding showed significant correlation between resistance to antibiotics and presence ofespin Enterococci.

scholarly journals Actinomycetes of rhizosphere soil producing antibacterial compounds against Urinary Tract Infection bacteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
PRAMESITA PRAWADIKA APSARI ◽  
SRI BUDIARTI ◽  
ARIS TRI WAHYUDI
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Antibacterial Compounds

Abstract. Apsari PP, Budiarti S, Wahyudi AT. 2019. Actinomycetes of rhizosphere soil producing antibacterial compounds against Urinary Tract Infection bacteria. Biodiversitas 20: 1259-1265. Based on the ability of actinomycetes as an antibacterial compounds producer and the need of finding novel antibacterial compounds, this study aims to look for antibacterial compounds from rhizosphere actinomycetes against bacteria in urine of UTI patients (Escherichia coli, Citrobacter braakii, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae). The screening of 21 actinomycetes was conducted based on the paper disc method. Potential actinomycetes that inhibited test bacteria were, then cultured in liquid medium and the supernatant was tested to six test bacteria. Then, the supernatant was extracted using ethyl acetate and crude extract from extraction process was tested to test bacteria. Afterward, the crude extract was scanned for bioactive compounds by GC-MS. Potential actinomycetes were identified by 16S rRNA gene to reveal the species. The screening results showed that ARJ 16, 24, and 36 had a wider inhibition zone than others. All of them showed that the supernatant and the crude extract could inhibit UTI's bacteria. The highest abundance of bioactive compound of crude extract was found in Propane, 1,2-dichloro, n-Hexadecanoic acid, and Carbonochloridic acid, 2-chloroethyl ester, respectively. Identification of potential actinomycetes based on 16S rRNA gene showed that ARJ 16 and ARJ 24 were highly similar to Streptomyces sp. in 99% and ARJ 36 was similar to Streptomyces tendae in 98%.

scholarly journals Involvement of Chromosomally Encoded Homologs of the RRNPP Protein Family in Enterococcus faecalis Biofilm Formation and Urinary Tract Infection Pathogenesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
Srivatsan Parthasarathy ◽  
Lorne D. Jordan ◽  
Nancy Schwarting ◽  
Megan A. Woods ◽  
Zakria Abdullahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Nutrient Sensing ◽  
Protein Family ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACT Enterococcus faecalis is an opportunistic pathogen capable of causing infections, including endocarditis and urinary tract infections (UTI). One of the well-characterized quorum-sensing pathways in E. faecalis involves coordination of the conjugal transfer of pheromone-responsive plasmids by PrgX, a member of the RRNPP protein family. Members of this protein family in various Firmicutes have also been shown to contribute to numerous cellular processes, including sporulation, competence, conjugation, nutrient sensing, biofilm formation, and virulence. As PrgX is a plasmid-encoded RRNPP family member, we surveyed the genome of the multidrug-resistant strain V583 for additional RRNPP homologs using computational searches and refined those identified hits for predicted structural similarities to known RRNPP family members. This led us to investigate the contribution of the chromosomally encoded RRNPP homologs to biofilm processes and pathogenesis in a catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) model. In this study, we identified five such homologs and report that 3 of the 5 homologs, EF0073, EF1599, and EF1316, affect biofilm formation as well as outcomes in the CAUTI model. IMPORTANCE Enterococcus faecalis causes health care-associated infections and displays resistance to a variety of broad-spectrum antibiotics by acquisition of resistance traits as well as the ability to form biofilms. Even though a growing number of factors related to biofilm formation have been identified, mechanisms that contribute to biofilm formation are still largely unknown. Members of the RRNPP protein family regulate a diverse set of biological reactions in low-G+C Gram-positive bacteria (Firmicutes). Here, we identify three predicted structural homologs of the RRNPP family, EF0073, EF1599, and EF1316, which affect biofilm formation and CAUTI pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Diversity of urinary tract infection bacteria in children in Indonesia based on metagenomic approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1375-1381
Author(s):  
GRACE CHRISTINE ◽  
SRI BUDIARTI ◽  
INDRI ASTUTI
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Bacterial Invasion ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Uncultured Bacterium ◽  
Metagenomic Approach

Christine G, Budiarti S, Astuti RI. 2018. Diversity of urinary tract infection bacteria in children in Indonesia based onmetagenomic approach. Biodiversitas 19: 1375-1381. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common bacterial infection in childhood in bothmales and females. The infection is usually caused by bacterial invasion of the urinary tract including the lower and the upper urinarytract. In Indonesia, to the best our knowledge, the diversity of urinary tract infection bacteria has not been reported yet. Therefore, theaims of this study were to identify the diversity of both culturable and unculturable bacteria in children diagnosed with UTI. In thisstudy, urine samples were obtained from different age groups ranging 6-17 years. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence showed eightculturable isolates (SBU1, SBU2, SBU3, SBU4, SBU5, SBU6, SBU7, SBU8) are closely related to Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae,Enterobacter aerogenes, Citrobacter sp. and Acinetobacter sp. with maximum identity up to 98-99%. Diversity of unculturable bacteriacommunity based on 16S rRNA gene was represented by 9 DGGE (Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis) bands. The ninerespective bands showed the similarity ranging from 84 up to 96% with Klebsiella sp, Escherichia sp., Lactococcus lactic, Shigellaflexneri and uncultured bacterium. Based on phylogenetic analysis, all culturable isolates belong to phylum Proteobacteria, which isdominated by family of Enterobacteriaceae. Interestingly, by using metagenomic approach, it is observed that bacteria belong to phylumFirmicutes were found in the UTI-diagnosed patients, in addition to those bacterial isolates from phylum Proteobacteria. To ourknowledge, this is the first study to report the occurrence of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria in UTI-diagnosed patients in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Study of Various Virulence Genes, Biofilm Formation and Extended-Spectrum β-lactamase Resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Urinary Tract Infections

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 249-255
Author(s):  
Sanaa S. Hamam ◽  
Reem M. El Kholy ◽  
Maysaa E. S. Zaki
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Esbl Production ◽  
Biofilm Production ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Objective: The aims of the current study were to evaluate the capacity of K. pneumoniae isolated from hospital-acquired urinary tract infection to form biofilm, the relation of this capacity to various virulence genes and the prevalence of Extended Spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) among these isolates by phenotypic and genotypic methods. Material and Methods: The study included 100 non-duplicate strains of K. pneumoniae isolated from 100 different urine samples from patients with hospital-acquired urinary tract infection. The isolated strains were studied for biofilm formation, ESBL production by phenotypic methods. Molecular studies were applied for the detection of ESβLs genes blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M and for detection of virulence genes fimH, uge, rmpA, mag A, wzy, kfa and aerobactin genes. Result: The majority of the isolates had the capacity to form a biofilm (81%), with ESBL prevalence rate 41%. The most prevalent gene among ESBL producing K. pneumoniae was blaCTX-M (73.2%) followed by blaSHV (53.6%) and blaTEM (51.2%). Among the virulence genes studied in K. pneumoniae isolates, the most prevalent gene was fimH (76%), uge (70%). There was significant association between ESBL production, and resistance to amikacin, cefepime, ceftazidime, gentamicin, imipenem and meropenem and biofilm production in K. pneumoniae isolates. There was significant association between blaCTX-M, blaSHV, fimH, mag, kfa, wzy, rmpA and aerobactin and biofilm production in K. pneumoniae. Conclusion: The present study highlights the prevalence of virulence genes among biofilm-forming strains of K. pneumoniae isolated from hospital-acquired urinary tract infection. Moreover, there was association between biofilm formation and ESBL production. Further studies are required to elucidate the clinical impact of the association of these different mechanisms.

scholarly journals Third Human Isolate of a Desulfovibriosp. Identical to the Provisionally Named Desulfovibrio fairfieldensis

1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 3076-3077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard La Scola ◽  
Didier Raoult
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Amplification ◽  
Urine Sample ◽  
Human Isolate ◽  
Rrna Gene

Desulfovibrio fairfieldensis was isolated from the urine sample of a patient with a urinary tract infection and meningoencephalitis. It was identified by 16S rRNA gene amplification and sequencing.

Risk Factors in Diabetes and Pregnant Women with Urinary Tract Infections Compared to Younger Aged Female.

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-38
Author(s):  
Abdulghani Mohamed Alsamarai ◽  
Shler Ali Khorshed
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Female Student ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Infected Female ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Urinary tract infection is common with health impact in women and characterised by failure to treatment and recurrent episodes. Aim: This study was conducted to determine the risk factors for the development of urinary tract infection in diabetic and pregnant women in comparison to student female. Materials and methods: A prospective cross-sectional study conducted during the period from 1st of June 2015 to the end of January 2016. The population included in the study are 563 women, of them 425 were outpatients, and 138 were inpatients. Their age range between 18 and 80 years, with a mean age of 33.59±15.29 years. Urine samples collected and cultured on blood agar and MacConkey agar by spread plate technique. Bacterial colonies with different morphology were selected, purified and identified according to their biochemical characteristics using conventional standard methods. Results: In diabetic women, there were no significant difference in mean age and BMI values between culture positive and culture negative groups. However, pus cell mean scale was significantly higher [P=0.000] in women with urinary tract infection [1.76±1.25] than in those with negative culture [0.69±1.00]. In pregnant women, BMI mean value was significantly [P=0.013] lower in pregnant women with UTI [26.14] as compared to those without infection [26.99]. Pus cell scale mean value was significantly [P=0.000] higher in pregnant women with UTI [1.55] than women with negative UTI [0.85]. While there was no significant difference in mean age between UTI positive and negative pregnant women. In female student, there was a significant difference between UTI infected and non-infected in mean age [P=0.041] and pus cell scale [P=0.000]. However, BMI was not significantly different between infected and non-infected female student. Other risk factors association are variables in the 3 groups when analysed using X2, while AUC and OR show different trends of association between risk factors and UTI. Conclusion: BMI, pus cell scale, child number, delivery method, operation history and hospital setting were significantly associated with culture positivity in the 3 studied groups as determined by AUC. While OR confirmed association with pus sale scale in the 3 groups.

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