scholarly journals The impact of individual perceptual and cognitive factors on collective states in a data-driven fish school model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weijia Wang ◽  
Ramon Escobedo ◽  
Stephane Sanchez ◽  
Clement Sire ◽  
Zhangang Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Group Cohesion ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Minimal Level ◽  
Interaction Range ◽  
Fish School ◽  
Collective Movements ◽  
School Model ◽  
The Impact

In moving animal groups, social interactions play a key role in the ability of individuals to achieve coordinated motion. However, a large number of environmental and cognitive factors are able to modulate the expression of these interactions and the characteristics of the collective movements that result from these interactions. Here, we use a data-driven fish school model (Calovi et al., 2018; Lei et al., 2020) to quantitatively investigate the impact of perceptual and cognitive factors on coordination and collective swimming patterns. The model describes the interactions involved in the coordination of burst-and-coast swimming in groups of Hemigrammus rhodostomus. We perform a comprehensive investigation of the respective impacts of two interactions strategies between fish based on the selection of the most or the two most influential neighbors, of the range and intensity of social interactions, of the intensity of individual random behavioral fluctuations, and of the group size, on the ability of groups of fish to coordinate their movements. We find that fish are able to coordinate their movements when they interact with their most or two most influential neighbors, provided that a minimal level of attraction between fish exist to maintain group cohesion. A minimal level of alignment is also required to allow the formation of schooling and milling. However, increasing the strength of social interactions does not necessarily enhance group cohesion and coordination. When attraction and alignment strengths are too high, or when the heading random fluctuations are too large, schooling and milling can no longer be maintained and the school switches to a swarming phase. Increasing the interaction range between fish has a similar impact on collective dynamics as increasing the strengths of attraction and alignment. Finally, we find that coordination and schooling occurs for a wider range of attraction and alignment strength in small group sizes.

scholarly journals Collective response to perturbations in a data-driven fish school model

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (104) ◽  
pp. 20141362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel S. Calovi ◽  
Ugo Lopez ◽  
Paul Schuhmacher ◽  
Hugues Chaté ◽  
Clément Sire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Collective State ◽  
Fish Schools ◽  
Fish School ◽  
Intrinsic Fluctuations ◽  
School Model ◽  
Main Population ◽  
Collective States

Fish schools are able to display a rich variety of collective states and behavioural responses when they are confronted by threats. However, a school's response to perturbations may be different depending on the nature of its collective state. Here we use a previously developed data-driven fish school model to investigate how the school responds to perturbations depending on its different collective states, we measure its susceptibility to such perturbations, and exploit its relation with the intrinsic fluctuations in the school. In particular, we study how a single or a small number of perturbing individuals whose attraction and alignment parameters are different from those of the main population affect the long-term behaviour of a school. We find that the responsiveness of the school to the perturbations is maximum near the transition region between milling and schooling states where the school exhibits multistability and regularly shifts between these two states. It is also in this region that the susceptibility, and hence the fluctuations, of the polarization order parameter is maximal. We also find that a significant school's response to a perturbation only happens below a certain threshold of the noise to social interactions ratio.

scholarly journals Observing grooming promotes affiliation in Barbary macaques

2018 ◽  
Vol 285 (1893) ◽  
pp. 20181964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliette M. Berthier ◽  
Stuart Semple
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Group Cohesion ◽  
Barbary Macaques ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Relaxing Effect

Observing friendly social interactions makes people feel good and, as a result, then act in an affiliative way towards others. Positive visual contagion of this kind is common in humans, but whether it occurs in non-human animals is unknown. We explored the impact on female Barbary macaques of observing grooming, a behaviour that physiological and behavioural studies indicate has a relaxing effect on the animals involved. We compared females' behaviour between two conditions: after observing conspecifics groom, and in a matched control period. We found that observing grooming was associated with reduced behavioural indicators of anxiety, suggesting that seeing others groom is, in itself, relaxing. Observing grooming was also associated with a shorter latency to becoming involved in a grooming bout (and higher likelihood both of initiating that bout and being the groomer rather than groomee), and with elevated rates of other affiliative behaviours. These results provide evidence for positive visual contagion; this phenomenon may contribute fundamentally to group cohesion not just in this species, but also in the many mammal and bird species where grooming occurs. Our study highlights the importance of exploring social behaviour beyond the level of the interacting individuals, within the broader social context where it occurs.

scholarly journals Swarming, schooling, milling: phase diagram of a data-driven fish school model

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 015026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel S Calovi ◽  
Ugo Lopez ◽  
Sandrine Ngo ◽  
Clément Sire ◽  
Hugues Chaté ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Fish School ◽  
School Model

scholarly journals Quantifying the Impact of a Tsunami on Data-Driven Earthquake Relief Zone Planning in Los Angeles County via Multivariate Spatial Optimization

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yueqi Gu ◽  
Orhun Aydin ◽  
Jacqueline Sosa
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
Spatial Optimization ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Multidisciplinary Optimization ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Design Data ◽  
The Impact

Post-earthquake relief zone planning is a multidisciplinary optimization problem, which required delineating zones that seek to minimize the loss of life and property. In this study, we offer an end-to-end workflow to define relief zone suitability and equitable relief service zones for Los Angeles (LA) County. In particular, we address the impact of a tsunami in the study due to LA’s high spatial complexities in terms of clustering of population along the coastline, and a complicated inland fault system. We design data-driven earthquake relief zones with a wide variety of inputs, including geological features, population, and public safety. Data-driven zones were generated by solving the p-median problem with the Teitz–Bart algorithm without any a priori knowledge of optimal relief zones. We define the metrics to determine the optimal number of relief zones as a part of the proposed workflow. Finally, we measure the impacts of a tsunami in LA County by comparing data-driven relief zone maps for a case with a tsunami and a case without a tsunami. Our results show that the impact of the tsunami on the relief zones can extend up to 160 km inland from the study area.

scholarly journals The INSESS-COVID19 Project. Evaluating the Impact of the COVID19 in Social Vulnerability While Preserving Privacy of Participants from Minority Subpopulations

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 3110
Author(s):  
Karina Gibert ◽  
Xavier Angerri
Keyword(s):  
Social Vulnerability ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Informed Decision Making ◽  
Technological Infrastructure ◽  
Moderate Number ◽  
Reliable Diagnosis ◽  
Multivariate Relationships ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, the results of the project INSESS-COVID19 are presented, as part of a special call owing to help in the COVID19 crisis in Catalonia. The technological infrastructure and methodology developed in this project allows the quick screening of a territory for a quick a reliable diagnosis in front of an unexpected situation by providing relevant decisional information to support informed decision-making and strategy and policy design. One of the challenges of the project was to extract valuable information from direct participatory processes where specific target profiles of citizens are consulted and to distribute the participation along the whole territory. Having a lot of variables with a moderate number of citizens involved (in this case about 1000) implies the risk of violating statistical secrecy when multivariate relationships are analyzed, thus putting in risk the anonymity of the participants as well as their safety when vulnerable populations are involved, as is the case of INSESS-COVID19. In this paper, the entire data-driven methodology developed in the project is presented and the dealing of the small subgroups of population for statistical secrecy preserving described. The methodology is reusable with any other underlying questionnaire as the data science and reporting parts are totally automatized.

Trust in the Workplace: The Role of Social Interaction Diversity in the Community and in the Workplace

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 378-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Cui ◽  
Ilan Vertinsky ◽  
Sandra Robinson ◽  
Oana Branzei
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
Collectivistic Cultures ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
The Impact

Extending the literature on social capital development in the community, this article examines the impact of diverse social interactions (in the community and the workplace) on the development of social trust in the workplace, and investigates whether their effects differ in individualistic and collectivistic cultures. Using survey data collected in Canada and China, the authors find that the diversity of one’s social interactions in the community is positively associated with one’s social trust in the workplace, and this relationship is not significantly different between the two cultures. Diversity of one’s social interactions in the workplace is also positively associated with one’s social trust in the workplace, though only in collectivistic cultures.

Social health and nutrition impacts of community kitchens: a systematic review

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Iacovou ◽  
Deanna C Pattieson ◽  
Helen Truby ◽  
Claire Palermo
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Nutritional Intake ◽  
Cooking Skills ◽  
Nutritional Health ◽  
Community Kitchens ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjectiveCommunity kitchens have been implemented by communities as a public health strategy to prevent food insecurity through reducing social isolation, improving food and cooking skills and empowering participants. The aim of the present paper was to investigate whether community kitchens can improve the social and nutritional health of participants and their families.DesignA systematic review of the literature was conducted including searches of seven databases with no date limitations.SettingCommunity kitchens internationally.SubjectsParticipants of community kitchens across the world.ResultsTen studies (eight qualitative studies, one mixed-method study and one cross-sectional study) were selected for inclusion. Evidence synthesis suggested that community kitchens may be an effective strategy to improve participants’ cooking skills, social interactions and nutritional intake. Community kitchens may also play a role in improving participants’ budgeting skills and address some concerns around food insecurity. Long-term solutions are required to address income-related food insecurity.ConclusionsCommunity kitchens may improve social interactions and nutritional intake of participants and their families. More rigorous research methods, for both qualitative and quantitative studies, are required to effectively assess the impact of community kitchens on social and nutritional health in order to confidently recommend them as a strategy in evidence-based public health practice.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document