Zika virus infection drives epigenetic modulation of immunity by the histone acetyltransferase CBP of Aedes aegypti

Epigenetic mechanisms are responsible for a wide range of biological phenomena in insects, controlling embryonic development, growth, aging and nutrition. Despite this, the role of epigenetics in shaping insect-pathogen interactions has received little attention. Gene expression in eukaryotes is regulated by histone acetylation/deacetylation, an epigenetic process mediated by histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). In this study, we explored the role of the Aedes aegypti histone acetyltransferase CBP (AaCBP) after infection with Zika virus, focusing on the two main immune tissues, the midgut and fat body. We showed that the expression and activity of AaCBP could be positively modulated by blood meal and Zika infection. Nevertheless, Zika-infected mosquitoes that were silenced for AaCBP revealed a significant reduction in the acetylation of H3K27 (CBP target-marker), followed by downmodulation of the expression of immune genes, higher titers of Zika virus and lower survival rates. Importantly, in Zika-infected mosquitoes that were treated with sodium butyrate, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, their capacity to fight virus infection was rescued. Our data point to a direct correlation among histone hyperacetylation by AaCBP, upregulation of antimicrobial peptide genes and increased survival of Zika-infected-A. aegypti.

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The Role of Predation in Determining Traits of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) and Infection With Zika Virus

Journal of Medical Entomology ◽

10.1093/jme/tjab004 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shawna Bellamy ◽

Barry W Alto

Keyword(s):

Aedes Aegypti ◽

Zika Virus ◽

Life History Traits ◽

Immature Stages ◽

Direct Effects ◽

Infected Blood ◽

Predator Prey ◽

Susceptibility To Infection ◽

Density Reduction

Abstract Non-lethal predator-prey interactions during the immature stages can cause significant changes to mosquito life history traits and their ability to transmit pathogens as adults. Treatment manipulations using mosquitoes Aedes aegypti (L.) and Toxoryhnchites rutilus (Coquillett) were performed during the immature stages to explore the potential impacts of non-lethal interactions on adult susceptibility to infection, disseminated infection and saliva infection of Ae. aegypti following ingestion of Zika virus-infected blood. Treatments inducing density reduction resulted in reduced development time and survivorship to adulthood. However, effects of treatment did not alter infection, dissemination, or saliva infection. These observations indicate that, while non-lethal predation may impact some traits that influence population dynamics and transmission of pathogens, there were no direct effects on mosquito-arbovirus interactions.

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Experimental Zika virus infection in Aedes aegypti: Susceptibility, transmission & co-infection with dengue & chikungunya viruses

The Indian Journal of Medical Research ◽

10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1142_17 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 147 (1) ◽

pp. 88 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

DevendraT Mourya ◽

MangeshD Gokhale ◽

TriparnaD Majumdar ◽

PragyaD Yadav ◽

Vimal Kumar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Virus Infection ◽

Aedes Aegypti ◽

Zika Virus ◽

Zika Virus Infection

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Different populations of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) from Central Africa are susceptible to Zika virus infection

PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽

10.1371/journal.pntd.0008163 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. e0008163 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Basile Kamgang ◽

Marie Vazeille ◽

Armel Tedjou ◽

Aurélie P. Yougang ◽

Theodel A. Wilson-Bahun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Virus Infection ◽

Aedes Aegypti ◽

Aedes Albopictus ◽

Zika Virus ◽

Central Africa ◽

Zika Virus Infection ◽

Different Populations

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The Role of Sirtuins in Kidney Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms21186686 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (18) ◽

pp. 6686

Author(s):

Yu Ah Hong ◽

Ji Eun Kim ◽

Minjee Jo ◽

Gang-Jee Ko

Keyword(s):

Histone Deacetylases ◽

Energy Homeostasis ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Kidney Diseases ◽

Expression Profiles ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Class Iii ◽

Cellular Functions ◽

Wide Range

Sirtuins (SIRTs) are class III histone deacetylases (HDACs) that play important roles in aging and a wide range of cellular functions. Sirtuins are crucial to numerous biological processes, including proliferation, DNA repair, mitochondrial energy homeostasis, and antioxidant activity. Mammals have seven different sirtuins, SIRT1–7, and the diverse biological functions of each sirtuin are due to differences in subcellular localization, expression profiles, and cellular substrates. In this review, we summarize research advances into the role of sirtuins in the pathogenesis of various kidney diseases including acute kidney injury, diabetic kidney disease, renal fibrosis, and kidney aging along with the possible underlying molecular mechanisms. The available evidence indicates that sirtuins have great potential as novel therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of kidney diseases.

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Mapping and Role of the CD8 + T Cell Response During Primary Zika Virus Infection in Mice

Cell Host & Microbe ◽

10.1016/j.chom.2016.12.010 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 35-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 137

Author(s):

Annie Elong Ngono ◽

Edward A. Vizcarra ◽

William W. Tang ◽

Nicholas Sheets ◽

Yunichel Joo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T Cell ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Zika Virus ◽

Cell Response ◽

Cd8 T Cell ◽

T Cell Response ◽

Zika Virus Infection

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In vitro and in vivo co-infection and super-infection dynamics of Mayaro and Zika viruses in mosquito and vertebrate backgrounds

10.1101/2021.06.24.449814 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Marco Brustolin ◽

Sujit Pujhari ◽

Cory A Henderson ◽

Donghun Kim ◽

Jason L Rasgon

Keyword(s):

Virus Infection ◽

Aedes Aegypti ◽

Zika Virus ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Single Infection ◽

Simultaneous Increase ◽

Virus Family ◽

Mayaro Virus ◽

Super Infection

Factors related to increasing globalization and climate change have contributed to the simultaneous increase and spread of arboviral diseases. Co-circulation of multiple arboviruses in the same geographic regions provides impetus to study the impacts of multiple arbovirus infections in a single vector. In the present study we describe co-infection and super-infection with Mayaro virus (Family Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus) and Zika virus (family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus) in vertebrate cells, mosquito cells, and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes to understand the interaction dynamics of these pathogens and effects on viral infection, dissemination and transmission. In Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, co-infection has a negative impact on infection and dissemination rates for Zika virus, but not Mayaro virus, when compared to single infection scenarios, and super-infection of Mayaro virus with a previous Zika virus infection resulted in increased Mayaro virus infection rates. We found that co-infection and super-infection negatively affected Zika viral replication in vertebrate cells (Vero and Huh), resulting in the complete blockage of Zika virus replication in some scenarios. At the cellular level, we demonstrate that single vertebrate and insect cells can be simultaneously infected with Zika and Mayaro viruses. This study highlights the dynamics of arboviral co- and super-infections and emphasizes the importance of considering these dynamics during risk assessment in epidemic areas.

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Investigating the Role of Shape and Size of Gold Nanoparticles on Their Toxicities to Fungi

10.20944/preprints201802.0002.v1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Kangze Liu ◽

Zhonglei He ◽

Hugh J. Byrne ◽

James Curtin ◽

Furong Tian

Keyword(s):

Gold Nanoparticles ◽

Penicillium Chrysogenum ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Relative Survival ◽

Toxicity Assessment ◽

Mucor Hiemalis ◽

Wide Range ◽

Living Organisms ◽

Shape And Size

The possibility of releasing gold nanoparticles (GNP) into the environment has been rapidly increasing with the wide spread and flourishing application of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in a wide range of areas. Consequently, environmental effects of GNP, especially toxicities to living organisms have drawn great attention. However, their toxicological characteristics still remain unclear. Fungi, as the decomposers of the ecosystem, interact directly with the environment and critically control the overall health of the biosphere. Thus, their sensitivity to GNP toxicity is particularly important. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of shape and size of GNPs on their toxicities to fungi, which could help reveal the ecotoxicity of GNPs. Aspergillus niger, Mucor hiemalis and Penicillium chrysogenum were chosen for toxicity assessment, and circular and star/flower-shaped GNPs sized from 0.7 nm to large aggregates of 400 nm have been synthesised. After mixed with GNPs and reacting agents of GNPs accordingly and incubated for 48 hours, the relative survival rates of each kind of fungus was calculated and compared. The results indicated that with similar sizes, star/flower-shaped GNPs are more toxic to fungi than circular-shaped GNPs; the toxicity of star/flower-shaped GNPs increases with smaller sizes. The results also showed that different species of fungus reacts differently to same GNPs, and Penicillium chrysogenum was relatively more sensitive under the exposure to GNPs.

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