scholarly journals Environmental DNA analysis needs local reference data to inform taxonomy-based conservation policy:A case study from Aotearoa / New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Czechowski ◽  
Michel de Lange ◽  
Michael Heldsinger ◽  
Will Rayment ◽  
Christopher Hepburn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Reference Data ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Fish Diversity ◽  
Species Lists ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Biodiversity Information

Effective management of biodiversity requires regular surveillance of multiple species. Analysis of environmental DNA by metabarcoding (eDNA) holds promise to achieve this relatively easily. However, taxonomic inquiries into eDNA data need suitable molecular reference data, which are often lacking. We evaluate the impact of this reference data void in a case study of fish diversity in the remote fiords of New Zealand. We compared eDNA-derived species identifications against Baited Remote Underwater Video (BRUV) data collected at the same time and locations as the eDNA data. Furthermore, we cross referenced both eDNA and BRUV data against species lists for the same region obtained from literature surveys and the Ocean Biodiversity Information System (OBIS). From all four data sources, we obtained a total of 116 species records (106 ray-finned fishes, 10 cartilaginous fishes; 59 from literature, 44 from eDNA, 25 from BRUV, 25 from OBIS). Concordance of taxonomies between the data sources dissolved with lowering taxonomic levels, most decisively so for eDNA data. BRUV agreed with local biodiversity information much better and fared better in detecting regional biodiversity dissimilarities. We provide evidence that eDNA metabarcoding will remain a powerful but impaired tool for species-level biodiversity management without locally generated reference data.

scholarly journals Feeling the Fear and Doing It Anyway:  A Case Study of CHRS-City, an Intervention for Adolescent Mental Health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Lisa Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Adolescent Mental Health ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Mental Health Condition ◽  
Regular School ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Support Students

<p>Provision for adolescent mental health in New Zealand is in its infancy. CRHS-City is the first Ministry of Education funded initiative that addresses adolescent mental health and transition back to school in New Zealand. This thesis examines the experiences of students and their families attending CRHS-City and how they were supported to transition back to school or further education. This research is important as it focuses on a growing need and documents Central Regional Health School’s attempt to address it. The methodological approach was a multiple case study underpinned by a constructivist paradigm. A qualitative approach was appropriate for this study as the research wanted to capture the impact attending CRHS-City had on a specific group of students and their transition back to a regular school or further education. Three students and their families identified they would be willing to be interviewed as part of this study. Eight overarching themes emerged from the research. Participants described positive outcomes from their experience of attending CRHS-City. This study has found being at CRHS-City helped the participants explore different ways of managing their mental health condition and gain confidence in their abilities to do so, which in turn supported the overall goal of a return to school or further education. However this was not an easy process for either the students or their parents. The findings from this research identified recommendations specific to CRHS-City and for the education sector in general to support students who have a mental health condition continue with their education goals. Support for the student’s family and the regular school is an essential part of this process. Research into effective interventions within mainstream schools to support students who have mental health needs is seen as a logical next step.</p>

The Potential for Historical Studies of Fisheries in Australia and New Zealand

2001 ◽  
pp. 181-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm Tull ◽  
Tom Polacheck
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Commercial Fishing ◽  
Secondary Literature ◽  
Trawl Fishery ◽  
Small Family ◽  
The Impact

Malcolm Tull, Tom Polacheck, and Neil Klaer examine the primary sources - particularly printed statistical sources - and secondary literature in order to understand the impact of commercial fishing and harvesting of fish across Australia and New Zealand - including a case study of the multi-species Southeast Australain Trawl Fishery. The authors note that fisheries in Australia and New Zealand have historically been managed by small, family operations, so the records pertining to them are sparse. As a result, most of the records in this chapter come from governmental sources - such as reports and inquiries into Australasian fisheries.

Improving Teaching Practice in Early Childhood Supported by Mobile Technology

2019 ◽  
pp. 1066-1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn MacCallum ◽  
Heather R. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Mobile Learning ◽  
Mobile Technology ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Ethnographic Case Study ◽  
Children’S Learning ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Children's Learning

This chapter discusses the findings of an ethnographic case study investigating the implementation of mobile learning at an early childhood centre in Hawkes Bay, New Zealand. The study describes how mobile technology is being used to support children's learning and communication. The findings show that the devices are an integral part of the learning culture of the centre. The devices are being used to actively engage children in the learning environment and support teaching inquiry. As one of the early studies to investigate how mobile technology is being used in early childhood education, the current study provides pedagogically sound examples and insight on how mobile technology can be embedded into early childhood. The study is seen as a starting place for more in-depth investigations into the impact of mobile learning on young children's learning.

Gangs in New Zealand Prisons

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Meek
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Gang Membership ◽  
Gang Members ◽  
Department Of Justice ◽  
Maximum Security ◽  
Maximum Security Prison ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Inmate Subculture

Gangs became a permanent feature of New Zealand prisons during the 1980s. Surveys indicate that more than 20% of inmates have past or present gang affiliations. This article looks at the gang phenomenon both in the community and in prisons. A case study looking at the impact of gangs at Auckland Maximum Security Prison (Paremoremo) is included; a unique inmate subculture was destroyed and inter-gang conflict resulted in the prison being run on a unit basis. Using information from the 1989prison census, including unpublished material, the article examines the level of gang membership and compares gang members and unaffiliated inmates over a range of variables. Gang members were found to be more likely to be younger, classified as requiring medium or maximum security custody, convicted of violent offences and serving longer sentences. The article also looks at management approaches to gangs in prisons and a fresh approach being adopted by the Department of Justice.

scholarly journals How Does Professional Development Impact on  Teachers' Use of an Interactive Whiteboard  in New Zealand Primary Classrooms?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Robyn Grover
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Qualitative Case Study ◽  
Interactive Whiteboard ◽  
Teacher Pedagogy ◽  
Effective Professional Development ◽  
Primary Classrooms ◽  
Multi Media ◽  
The Impact

<p>My research examined how professional development impacts on teachers' use of an interactive whiteboard in New Zealand primary classrooms. The research, in the form of a survey and qualitative case study, specifically looked at the professional development experienced by teachers with an IWB and contextual factors that enhance and constrain the introduction of an IWB for teachers learning to use it in their class programme. It also explored how an IWB is used in the classroom programme. Sociocultural theory provided the theoretical framework to analyse the data. The findings of the research showed that professional development featured as both an enhancing and constraining factor. This was determined by the content of the activity. Sustained professional development appeared to have the most impact on teachers' IWB use. The data examined how and why teachers like to use an IWB, and the impact of the unique and multi-media features of the IWB had on teacher pedagogy and students. Recommendations are made for effective professional development for IWB users and areas for further research are discussed.</p>

scholarly journals Implementing the MY FRIENDS Youth programme in a New Zealand secondary school: The experiences of staff and Year 9 students

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Laurence Fay
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Young People ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
School Context ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Youth Resilience

<p>Increasing rates of young people’s anxiety and depression is a concern for New Zealand secondary schools and this results in issues for students such as decreased wellbeing and school attendance, health difficulties and social isolation. In 2013 the Ministry of Education introduced a pilot of the MY FRIENDS Youth Resilience programme into secondary schools for students in Year 9. This thesis reports on the experiences of teachers and students of the MY FRIENDS Youth programme in one secondary school context. This programme is based on cognitive behavioural therapy principles and has been developed to support young people build their understanding and skills in resilience to enhance their wellbeing. The programme has been implemented and evaluated with young people in a number of countries. Research has shown it to have beneficial effects in promoting emotional resilience and in reducing anxiety and depression in students. The findings of this school case study are explored, and the impact of the programme for the students and their school community is presented. A case study methodological approach was used that enabled the collection of rich data to explore the deep meaning from teachers and students. This involved an in-depth instrumental case study within one secondary school involving teachers, students, the counsellor, the principal and students’ parents. Observations, document analysis and interviews took place to build a comprehensive understanding of how teachers and students learned through the programme. Findings suggest the students see the MY FRIENDS Youth Resilience programme as a positive, useful programme that has enabled them to learn various strategies to deal with challenging scenarios in their life. The findings also address barriers to implementation and possible implications for the future. Several suggestions for the programme are discussed along with certain adaptations of the programme to make it more relevant to the New Zealand context.</p>

scholarly journals Principles and process for developing participatory adaptation pathways in the primary industries

Elem Sci Anth ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas A. Cradock-Henry ◽  
Paula Blackett ◽  
Justin Connolly ◽  
Bob Frame ◽  
Edmar Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Assessment Practice ◽  
Multiple Data ◽  
Methodological Advance ◽  
Adaptation Options ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Adaptation pathways is an approach to identify, assess, and sequence climate change adaptation options over time, linking decisions to critical signals and triggers derived from scenarios of future conditions. However, conceptual differences in their development can hinder methodological advance and create a disconnect between those applying pathways approaches and the wider community of practitioners undertaking vulnerability, impacts, and adaptation assessments. Here, we contribute to close these gaps, advancing principles, and processes that may be used to guide the trajectory for adaptation pathways, without having to rely on data-rich or resource-intensive methods. To achieve this, concepts and practices from the broad pathways literature is combined with our own experience in developing adaptation pathways for primary industries facing the combined impacts of climate change and other, nonclimatic stressors. Each stage is guided by a goal and tools to facilitate discussions and produce feasible pathways. We illustrate the process with a case study from Hawke’s Bay, New Zealand, involving multiple data sources and methods in two catchments. Resulting guidelines and empirical examples are consistent with principles of adaptive management and planning and can provide a template for developing local-, regional- or issue-specific pathways elsewhere and enrich the diversity of vulnerability, impacts, and adaptation assessment practice.

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