scholarly journals The United States COVID-19 Forecast Hub dataset

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estee Y Cramer ◽  
Yuxin Huang ◽  
Yijin Wang ◽  
Evan L Ray ◽  
Matthew Cornell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Open Source Data ◽  
Probabilistic Forecasts ◽  
The Us ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
University Of Massachusetts ◽  
The University ◽  
Incident Cases

Academic researchers, government agencies, industry groups, and individuals have produced forecasts at an unprecedented scale during the COVID-19 pandemic. To leverage these forecasts, the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) partnered with an academic research lab at the University of Massachusetts Amherst to create the US COVID-19 Forecast Hub. Launched in April 2020, the Forecast Hub is a dataset with point and probabilistic forecasts of incident hospitalizations, incident cases, incident deaths, and cumulative deaths due to COVID-19 at national, state, and county levels in the United States. Included forecasts represent a variety of modeling approaches, data sources, and assumptions regarding the spread of COVID-19. The goal of this dataset is to establish a standardized and comparable set of short-term forecasts from modeling teams. These data can be used to develop ensemble models, communicate forecasts to the public, create visualizations, compare models, and inform policies regarding COVID-19 mitigation. These open-source data are available via download from GitHub, through an online API, and through R packages.

scholarly journals Go West: surgical fellowships in the US

2008 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 272-274
Author(s):  
Matt Freudmann ◽  
Lucy Wales
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Vascular Surgery ◽  
Surgical Training ◽  
The United States ◽  
University Of Minnesota ◽  
The West ◽  
Transplant Centre ◽  
Transplant Center ◽  
The Us ◽  
The University

As a final-year trainee in vascular surgery, I was working at the West London Renal and Transplant Centre for Professor Nadey Hakim and Vassilios Papalois. I am very grateful to both of them for encouraging me to apply for a visiting fellowship to the United States, enabling me to experience some of the benefits of surgical training abroad and to broaden my perspectives in transplantation. I was awarded a visiting fellowship to the University of Minnesota Transplant Center by Professor David Sutherland, head of the division of transplant surgery.

Globalization and growth of US university patenting (2009–2014)

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loet Leydesdorff ◽  
Henry Etzkowitz ◽  
Duncan Kushnir
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
University Patenting ◽  
Flat Rate ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
University Patents ◽  
The Us ◽  
The University ◽  
Us University

Following a pause, with a relatively flat rate, from 1998 to 2008, the long-term trend of university patenting rising as a share of all patenting has resumed, driven by the internationalization of academic entrepreneurship and the persistence of US university technology transfer. The authors disaggregate this recent growth in university patenting at the US Patent and Trademark Organization (USPTO) in terms of nations and patent classes. Foreign patenting in the United States almost doubled during the period 2009–2014, mainly due to patenting by universities in Taiwan, Korea, China and Japan. These nations compete with the United States in terms of patent portfolios, whereas most European countries – with the exception of the United Kingdom – have more specific portfolios, mainly in biomedical fields. In the case of China, Tsinghua University holds 63% of the university patents in USPTO; followed by King Fahd University with 55.2% of the national portfolio.

scholarly journals The Check and Report Ebola (CARE+) Program to Monitor Travelers for Ebola After Arrival to the United States, 2014-2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (6) ◽  
pp. 592-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather A. Joseph ◽  
Abbey E. Wojno ◽  
Kelly Winter ◽  
Onalee Grady-Erickson ◽  
Erin Hawes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Care Program ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Government ◽  
Public Health Authorities ◽  
Control And Prevention

The 2014-2016 Ebola epidemic in West Africa influenced how public health officials considered migration and emerging infectious diseases. Responding to the public’s concerns, the US government introduced enhanced entry screening and post-arrival monitoring by public health authorities to reduce the risk of importation and domestic transmission of Ebola while continuing to allow travel from West Africa. This case study describes a new initiative, the Check and Report Ebola (CARE+) program that engaged travelers arriving to the United States from countries with Ebola outbreaks. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention employed CARE ambassadors, who quickly communicated with incoming travelers and gave them practical resources to boost their participation in monitoring for Ebola. The program aimed to increase travelers’ knowledge of Ebola symptoms and how to seek medical care safely, increase travelers’ awareness of monitoring requirements, reduce barriers to monitoring, and increase trust in the US public health system. This program could be adapted for use in future outbreaks that involve the potential importation of disease and require the education and active engagement of travelers to participate in post-arrival monitoring.

scholarly journals Understanding Implementation Challenges to Genetic Testing for Familial Hypercholesterolemia in the United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachele Hendricks-Sturrup ◽  
Christine Lu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Familial Hypercholesterolemia ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Implementation Challenges ◽  
The Us ◽  
Control And Prevention

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States (US), with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) being a major inherited and genetic risk factor for premature CVD and atherosclerosis. Genetic testing has helped patients and providers confirm the presence of known pathogenic and likely pathogenic variations in FH-associated genes. Key organizations, such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), American Heart Association (AHA), FH Foundation, and National Lipid Association (NLA), have recognized the clinical utility of FH genetic testing. However, FH genetic testing is underutilized in clinical practice in the US for reasons that are underexplored through the lens of implementation science. In this commentary, we discuss seven key implementation challenges that must be overcome to strengthen the clinical adoption of FH genetic testing in the US. These implementation challenges center on evidence of cost-effectiveness, navigating patient and provider preferences and concerns, gender and ethnic diversity and representation in genetic testing, and establishing clinical consensus around FH genetic testing based on the latest and most relevant research findings. Overcoming these implementation challenges is imperative to the mission of reducing CVD risk in the US.

scholarly journals Adding an international lens to the university striving model: How both global and national indicators influence the Chinese higher education hierarchy

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 221258682110062
Author(s):  
Ryan M. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United States ◽  
Central Government ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chinese Higher Education ◽  
Global Competition ◽  
University Rankings ◽  
League Table ◽  
The Us ◽  
The University

Institutions that are most attuned to university rankings are known as “strivers.” These striving universities chase prestige by altering policies to match league table indicators, while also benchmarking against elite universities within the domestic hierarchy. However, this model has mostly been ascribed to studies in the United States and it has not been considered in non-Western contexts. Through interviews with 48 academics and administrators from Chinese universities, the research explores striving behaviors in China and expands the US-centric model to include global competition with international rankings. The findings show that striving universities in China have placed considerable emphasis on international rankings, but distinctions from the central government have still dominated competition within the domestic hierarchy. Pressures from the various rankings must be balanced between the local and global. These new considerations offer a global outlook on the domestic university striving model.

Mortality in the US by education level

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 384-419
Author(s):  
Cristian Redondo Lourés ◽  
Andrew J. G. Cairns
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Education Level ◽  
The Us ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Centers For Disease Control ◽  
Death Data

AbstractDifferent mortality rates for different socio-economic groups within a population have been consistently reported throughout the years. In this study, we aim to exploit data from multiple public sources, including highly detailed cause-of-death data from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, to explore the mortality gap between the better and worse off in the US during the period 1989–2015, using education as a proxy.

scholarly journals On the Road to Discover My Mayan Voice

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
Health Program ◽  
The United States ◽  
Migrant Farmworker ◽  
The Road ◽  
Good Samaritan ◽  
The Us ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The University

Dina Hernandez is from Morganton, NC where she lives with her husband of three years and their dog, Bandit. She recently graduated from the University of North Carolina at Greensboro with a BA in Spanish (June ‘19). She currently works as a Spanish interpreter at the Good Samaritan Clinic and as a Tele-behavioral Health Coordinator for the Migrant Farmworker Health Program. Her parents are originally from Huehuetenango, Guatemala and speak Akateko. They migrated to the United States in the 70s and from there have created a family here in the US with their five children. Dina is the youngest of her siblings.

scholarly journals Career choices of underrepresented and female postdocs in the biomedical sciences

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Marcus Lambert ◽  
Martin T Wells ◽  
Matthew F Cipriano ◽  
Jacob N Sneva ◽  
Juanita A Morris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Career Choices ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Underrepresented Minority ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Postdoctoral Training ◽  
Underrepresented Groups ◽  
The Us ◽  
Postdoctoral Researchers

The lack of diversity among faculty at universities and medical schools in the United States is a matter of growing concern. However, the factors that influence the career choices of underrepresented minority and female postdoctoral researchers have received relatively little attention. Here we report the results of a survey of 1284 postdocs working in the biomedical sciences in the US. Our findings highlight possible reasons why some underrepresented minority and female postdocs choose not to pursue careers in academic research, and suggest interventions that could be taken in the early stages of postdoctoral training to prevent this attrition of underrepresented groups.

scholarly journals Estimates of presumed population immunity to SARS-CoV-2 by state in the United States, August 2021

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie C.D. Stoner ◽  
Frederick J. Angulo ◽  
Sarah Rhea ◽  
Linda Morris Brown ◽  
Jessica E. Atwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Population Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Viral Transmission ◽  
Population Immunity ◽  
Seroprevalence Data ◽  
The Us ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Waning Immunity

ABSTRACTBackgroundInformation is needed to monitor progress toward a level of population immunity to SARS-CoV-2 sufficient to disrupt viral transmission. We estimated the percentage of the United States (US) population with presumed immunity to SARS-CoV-2 due to vaccination, natural infection, or both as of August 26, 2021.MethodsPublicly available data as of August 26, 2021, from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) were used to calculate presumed population immunity by state. Seroprevalence data were used to estimate the percentage of the population previously infected with SARS-CoV-2, with adjustments for underreporting. Vaccination coverage data for both fully and partially vaccinated persons were used to calculate presumed immunity from vaccination. Finally, we estimated the percentage of the total population in each state with presumed immunity to SARS-CoV-2, with a sensitivity analysis to account for waning immunity, and compared these estimates to a range of population immunity thresholds.ResultsPresumed population immunity varied among states (43.1% to 70.6%), with 19 states with 60% or less of their population having been infected or vaccinated. Four states have presumed immunity greater than thresholds estimated to be sufficient to disrupt transmission of less infectious variants (67%), and none were greater than the threshold estimated for more infectious variants (78% or higher).ConclusionsThe US remains a distance below the threshold sufficient to disrupt viral transmission, with some states remarkably low. As more infectious variants emerge, it is critical that vaccination efforts intensify across all states and ages for which the vaccines are approved.SummaryAs of August 26, 2021, no state has reached a population level of immunity thought to be sufficient to disrupt transmission. (78% or higher), with some states having remarkably low presumed immunity.

Child abuse in the United States

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Spinelli
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Child Abuse And Neglect ◽  
The United States ◽  
Alternative Response ◽  
The Us ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Centers For Disease Control

Child abuse is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States and other countries. It is the second leading cause of death among children in the US. All 50 States, the District of Columbia, and the US Territories have mandatory child abuse and neglect reporting laws that require certain professionals and institutions to report suspected maltreatment to a child protective services (CPS) agency. Four major types of maltreatment are considered: neglect, physical abuse, psychological maltreatment, and sexual abuse (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2010). Once an allegation or referral of child abuse is received by a CPS agency, the majority of reports receive investigations to establish whether or not an intervention is needed. Some reports receive an alternative response in which safety and risk assessments are conducted, but the focus is on working with the family to address issues. Investigations involve gathering evidence to substantiate the alleged maltreatment. Data from reports on child abuse is derived from the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System (NCANDS), which aggregates and publishes statistics from state child protection agencies. The first report from NCANDS was based on data for 1990. Case-level data include information about the characteristics of reports of abuse and neglect that are made to CPS agencies, the children involved, the types of maltreatment that are alleged, the dispositions of the CPS responses, the risk factors of the child and the caregivers, the services that are provided, and the perpetrators (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2010). During 2010, the NCANSDS reported that an estimated 3.3 million referrals estimated to include 5.9 million children were received by CPS agencies. Of the nearly 2 million reports that were screened and received a CPS response, 90.3% received an investigation response and 9.7% received an alternative response (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2010). Of the 1,793,724 reports that received an investigation in 2010, 436,321 were substantiated; 24,976 were found to be indicated (likely but unsubstantiated); and 1,262,118 were found to be unsubstantiated. Three-fifths of reports of alleged child abuse and neglect were made by professionals.

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