scholarly journals Vitamin D Status & Latitude Predict Brain Lesions in Adrenoleukodystrophy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Van Haren ◽  
Jacob Wilkes ◽  
Ann B Moser ◽  
Gerald V Raymond ◽  
Troy Richardson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Plasma Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Lesion Development ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Pediatric Hospitals ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Zip Code

A subset of boys with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) develop inflammatory demyelinating brain lesions. Risk factors are largely undefined. We used two independent cohorts to assess whether low vitamin D status predicts lesion development. In our first cohort, we measured 25-hydroxyvitamin D in 53 plasma samples from 20 pre-lesional ALD boys followed at two centers; half subsequently developed lesions. In our second cohort, we measured latitude (using home ZIP code) among 230 ALD boys in a database of 51 US pediatric hospitals; over half developed lesions. In regression models, low plasma vitamin D and northerly latitudes independently predicted ALD brain lesions.

scholarly journals Comparison of Vitamin D and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations in Human Breast Milk between 1989 and 2016–2017

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 573
Author(s):  
Naoko Tsugawa ◽  
Mayu Nishino ◽  
Akiko Kuwabara ◽  
Honami Ogasawara ◽  
Maya Kamao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Background: Breast milk is considered the optimal source of nutrition during infancy. Although the vitamin D concentration in human breast milk is generally considered poor for infants, vitamin D in breast milk is an important source for exclusively breastfed infants. Increases in vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in lactating mothers may reduce vitamin D concentrations in breast milk. This study aimed to compare vitamin D and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentrations in breast milk collected in 1989 and 2016–2017 and simultaneously analyze them with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS); the association between the lifestyle of recent lactating mothers (2016–2017) and vitamin D status in human breast milk was also evaluated. Method: Lactating mothers were recruited from three regions of Japan in 1989 (n = 72) and 2016–2017 (n = 90), and milk from 3–4 months was collected in summer and winter. The samples were strictly sealed and stored at −80℃ until measurement. Breast milk vitamin D and 25OHD concentrations were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Vitamin D intake, sun exposure, and sunscreen use of the lactating mothers in 2016–2017 were assessed. Results: Both vitamin D and 25OHD concentrations in breast milk were higher in the summer regardless of the survey year. Significantly lower vitamin D and 25OHD concentrations were observed in 2016–2017 compared with 1989 in summer, but no survey year difference was observed in winter. The stepwise multiple regression analyses identified season, daily outdoor activity, and suntan in the last 12 months as independent factors associated with vitamin D3 concentrations. Conclusion: The results suggest that low vitamin D status in recent lactating mothers may have decreased vitamin D and 25OHD concentrations in breast milk compared with the 1980s. These results are helpful for developing public health strategies to improve vitamin D status in lactating mothers and infants.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Disease Severity and Death in Relation to Vitamin D Status among SARS-CoV-2-Positive UAE Residents

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1714
Author(s):  
Habiba AlSafar ◽  
William B. Grant ◽  
Rafiq Hijazi ◽  
Maimunah Uddin ◽  
Nawal Alkaabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Hospital Visit ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Multiethnic Population ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Insufficient blood levels of the neurohormone vitamin D are associated with increased risk of COVID-19 severity and mortality. Despite the global rollout of vaccinations and promising preliminary results, the focus remains on additional preventive measures to manage COVID-19. Results conflict on vitamin D’s plausible role in preventing and treating COVID-19. We examined the relation between vitamin D status and COVID-19 severity and mortality among the multiethnic population of the United Arab Emirates. Our observational study used data for 522 participants who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 at one of the main hospitals in Abu Dhabi and Dubai. Only 464 of those patients were included for data analysis. Demographic and clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Serum samples immediately drawn at the first hospital visit were used to measure serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations through automated electrochemiluminescence. Levels < 12 ng/mL were significantly associated with higher risk of severe COVID-19 infection and of death. Age was the only other independent risk factor, whereas comorbidities and smoking did not contribute to the outcomes upon adjustment. Sex of patients was not an important predictor for severity or death. Our study is the first conducted in the UAE to measure 25(OH)D levels in SARS-CoV-2-positive patients and confirm the association of levels < 12 ng/mL with COVID-19 severity and mortality.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Status and Seasonal Variation among Danish Children and Adults: A Descriptive Study

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Hansen ◽  
Anne Tjønneland ◽  
Brian Køster ◽  
Christine Brot ◽  
Rikke Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Supplement ◽  
Very High

The aim of the present study was to describe vitamin D status and seasonal variation in the general Danish population. In this study, 3092 persons aged 2 to 69 years (2565 adults, 527 children) had blood drawn twice (spring and autumn) between 2012 and 2014. A sub-sample of participants had blood samples taken monthly over a year. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations were measured by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, and information on supplement use was assessed from questionnaires. Seasonal variations in 25(OH)D concentrations were evaluated graphically and descriptively, and status according to age, sex, and supplement use was described. It was found that 86% of both adults and children were vitamin D-sufficient in either spring and or/autumn; however, many had a spring concentration below 50 nmol/L. A wide range of 25(OH)D concentrations were found in spring and autumn, with very low and very high values in both seasons. Among adults, women in general had higher median 25(OH)D concentrations than men. Furthermore, vitamin D supplement use was substantial and affected the median concentrations markedly, more so during spring than autumn. Seasonal variation was thus found to be substantial, and bi-seasonal measurements are vital in order to capture the sizable fluctuations in vitamin D status in this Nordic population.

scholarly journals Weight and skin colour as predictors of vitamin D status: results of an epidemiological investigation using nationally representative data

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 1857-1864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonali Rajan ◽  
Tom Weishaar ◽  
Bryan Keller
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Skin Colour ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Epidemiological Investigation ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjectiveCurrent US dietary recommendations for vitamin D vary by age. Recent research suggests that body weight and skin colour are also major determinants of vitamin D status. The objective of the present epidemiological investigation was to clarify the role of age as a predictor of vitamin D status, while accounting for body weight and skin colour, among a nationally representative sample.DesignWe calculated the mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels for the US population by age and weight, as well as by weight and race/ethnicity group. Multiple regression analyses were utilized to evaluate age and weight as predictors of vitamin D status: serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels with age alone, age and body weight, and age, body weight and their two-way interaction were modelled for the entire sample and each age subgroup. Graphical data were developed using B-spline non-linear regression.SettingNational Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (31 934 unweighted cases).SubjectsIndividuals aged 1 year and older.ResultsThere were highly significant differences in mean vitamin D status among US residents by weight and skin colour, with those having darker skin colour or higher body weight having worse vitamin D status. Although a significant factor, the impact of age on vitamin D status was notably less than the impact of body weight.ConclusionsVitamin D status varied predominantly by body weight and skin colour. Recommendations by nutritionists for diet and supplementation needs should take this into account if vitamin D-related health disparities are to be meaningfully reduced across the USA.

scholarly journals Investigating the Role of Functional Polymorphism of Maternal and Neonatal Vitamin D Binding Protein in the Context of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Cutoffs as Determinants of Maternal-Neonatal Vitamin D Status Profiles in a Sunny Mediterranean Region

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 3082
Author(s):  
Spyridon N. Karras ◽  
Erdinç Dursun ◽  
Merve Alaylıoğlu ◽  
Duygu Gezen-Ak ◽  
Cedric Annweiler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Vitamin D Binding Protein ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Causative Effect

Recent results indicate that dysregulation of vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP) could be involved in the development of hypovitaminosis D, and it comprises a risk factor for adverse fetal, maternal and neonatal outcomes. Until recently, there was a paucity of results regarding the effect of maternal and neonatal VDBP polymorphisms on vitamin D status during pregnancy in the Mediterranean region, with a high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D. We aimed to evaluate the combined effect of maternal and neonatal VDBP polymorphisms and different maternal and neonatal 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) cut-offs on maternal and neonatal vitamin D profile. Blood samples were obtained from a cohort of 66 mother–child pairs at birth. Our results revealed that: (i) Maternal VDBP polymorphisms do not affect neonatal vitamin D status at birth, in any given internationally adopted maternal or neonatal cut-off for 25(OH)D concentrations; (ii) neonatal VDBP polymorphisms are not implicated in the regulation of neonatal vitamin D status at birth; (iii) comparing the distributions of maternal VDBP polymorphisms and maternal 25(OH)D concentrations, with cut-offs at birth, revealed that mothers with a CC genotype for rs2298850 and a CC genotype for rs4588 tended to demonstrate higher 25(OH)D (≥75 nmol/L) during delivery (p = 0.05 and p = 0.04, respectively), after adjustments for biofactors that affect vitamin D equilibrium, including UVB, BMI and weeks of gestation. In conclusion, this study from Southern Europe indicates that maternal and neonatal VDBP polymorphisms do not affect neonatal vitamin D status at birth, whereas mothers with CC genotype for rs2298850 and CC genotype for rs4588 demonstrate higher 25(OH)D concentrations. Future larger studies are required to establish a causative effect of these specific polymorphisms in the attainment of an adequate (≥75 nmol/L) maternal vitamin D status during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Vitamin D status in children with autoimmune thyroiditis

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1595
Author(s):  
Gomathi Priya J ◽  
Seenivasan Venkatasamy ◽  
Karamath S Pyarejan ◽  
Jayachandran K.
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Causal Factor ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Background: Deficiency of 25 hydroxyvitamin D has been linked with predisposition to autoimmune disorders. Also, vitamin D has been found to be a causal factor in many autoimmune diseases. Objective of the study was to investigate vitamin D status in children with autoimmune thyroiditis attending endocrinology OPD at a tertiary centre in southern India.Methods: It is a case control study done in which 75 children (70 female, 5 male) with age and sex matched healthy controls were chosen. Free thyroxine, TSH, anti TPOAb, anti TGAb, 25 hydroxyvitamin D, serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase levels were estimated in both cases and control subjects. Children with anti TPO or anti TG positivity were divided into four groups based on their level of antibody titers.Results: The mean age in cases was 9.8±0.34 years. 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower in cases (15.07±1.14 ng/ml) compared to controls (17.82±1.13 ng/ml) (p<0.0006). Mean serum calcium levels in cases (9.35±0.16 mg/dl) were significantly lower when compared to controls (9.73±0.14 mg/dl) (p<0.0005). Similarly mean serum alkaline phosphatase level in cases (184.97±11.10 IU/L) were significantly elevated when compared with controls (122.37±6.82 IU/L) (p<0.0001). However, there was no significant difference in serum phosphorus levels between cases (4.42±0.10 mg/dl) and controls (4.43±0.14 mg/dl) (p=0.83). There was no significant difference in vitamin D level among the groups in both anti TPO (p< 0.283) and anti TG (p<0.148).Conclusions: The significant decrease in vitamin D levels in cases signifies that 25(OH)D may be an independent causal factor related to the autoimmunity in thyroid diseases. 

scholarly journals Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among individuals with diabetes mellitus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenzhen Wan ◽  
Jingyu Guo ◽  
An Pan ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
Liegang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Reduced Risk ◽  
Cvd Mortality

<b>Objective: </b>The evidence regarding vitamin D status and mortality among diabetes is scarce. This study aimed to examine the association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among adults with <a>diabetes mellitus</a>. <p><b>Research Design and Methods: </b>This study included 6329 adults with diabetes from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) and NHANES 2001-2014. Death outcomes were ascertained by linkage to National Death Index records through 31 December 2015. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence (CIs) for mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer.</p> <p><b>Results:</b> The weighted mean (95% CI) level of serum 25(OH)D was 57.7 (56.6, 58.8) nmol/L, and 46.6% had deficient vitamin D (<50 nmol/L [20 ng/mL]). <a>Higher </a>serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly associated with lower levels of glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, HbA1c, blood lipids, and C-reactive protein at baseline (all <i>P</i><sub>trend</sub><0.05). During 55126 person-years of follow-up, 2056 deaths were documented, including 605 CVD deaths and 309 cancer deaths. <a>After multivariate adjustment, higher </a>serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly and linearly associated with lower all-cause and CVD mortality: there was a 31% reduced risk of all-cause mortality and a 38% reduced risk of CVD mortality per one unit increment in natural log-transformed 25(OH)D (both <i>P</i><0.001). Compared with participants with 25(OH)D <25 nmol/L, the multivariate-adjusted HRs and 95% CI for participants with 25(OH)D >75 nmol/L were 0.59 (0.43, 0.83) for all-cause mortality (<i>P</i><sub>trend</sub>=0.003), 0.50 (0.29, 0.86) for CVD mortality (<i>P</i><sub>trend</sub>=0.02), and 0.49 (0.23, 1.04) for cancer mortality (<i>P</i><sub>trend</sub>=0.12). </p> <p><b>Conclusions: </b>In a nationally representative sample of US adults with diabetes, higher serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly associated with lower all-cause and CVD mortality. These findings suggest that maintaining adequate vitamin D status may lower mortality risk in individuals with diabetes.</p>

scholarly journals Vitamin D status in pregnant Indian women across trimesters and different seasons and its correlation with neonatal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (9) ◽  
pp. 1383-1389 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. Marwaha ◽  
N. Tandon ◽  
S. Chopra ◽  
N. Agarwal ◽  
M. K. Garg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Indian Women ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

The present cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the vitamin D status of pregnant Indian women and their breast-fed infants. Subjects were recruited from the Department of Obstetrics, Armed Forces Clinic and Army Hospital (Research and Referral), Delhi. A total of 541 apparently healthy women with uncomplicated, single, intra-uterine gestation reporting in any trimester were consecutively recruited. Of these 541 women, 299 (first trimester, ninety-seven; second trimester, 125; third trimester, seventy-seven) were recruited in summer (April–October) and 242 (first trimester, fifty-nine, second trimester, ninety-three; third trimester, ninety) were recruited in winter (November–March) to study seasonal variations in vitamin D status. Clinical, dietary, biochemical and hormonal evaluations for the Ca–vitamin D–parathormone axis were performed. A subset of 342 mother–infant pairs was re-evaluated 6 weeks postpartum. Mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) of pregnant women was 23·2 (sd 12·2) nmol/l. Hypovitaminosis D (25(OH)D < 50 nmol/l) was observed in 96·3 % of the subjects. Serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower in winter in the second and third trimesters, while serum intact parathormone (iPTH) and alkaline phosphatase levels were significantly higher in winter in all three trimesters. A significant negative correlation was found between serum 25(OH)D and iPTH in mothers (r − 0·367, P = 0·0001) and infants (r − 0·56, P = 0·0001). A strong positive correlation was observed between 25(OH)D levels of mother–infant pairs (r 0·779, P = 0·0001). A high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D was observed in pregnancy, lactation and infancy with no significant inter-trimester differences in serum 25(OH)D levels.

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