scholarly journals Microtubules restrict F-actin to the immune synapse via GEF-H1 to maintain polarity in lymphocytes

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Pineau ◽  
Léa Pinon ◽  
Olivier Mesdjian ◽  
Jacques Fattaccioli ◽  
Ana-Maria Lennon Duménil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cell Polarity ◽  
Actin Polymerization ◽  
Synapse Formation ◽  
Lymphocyte Activation ◽  
Immune Synapse ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
And Function

Immune synapse formation is a key step for lymphocyte activation. In B lymphocytes, the immune synapse controls the production of high-affinity antibodies, thereby defining the efficiency of humoral immune responses. While the key roles played by both the actin and microtubule cytoskeletons in the formation and function of the immune synapse have become increasingly clear, how the different events involved in synapse formation are coordinated in space and time by actin-microtubule interactions is not understood. Using a microfluidic pairing device, we studied with unprecedented resolution the dynamics of the various events leading to immune synapse formation and maintenance. Our results identify two groups of events, local and global dominated, respectively, by actin and microtubules dynamics. They further highlight an unexpected role for microtubules and the GEF-H1-RhoA axis in restricting F-actin polymerization at the immune synapse to define the cell polarity axis, allowing the formation and maintenance of a unique competent immune synapse.

Specific humoral immune responses in 12 cases of food sensitization to sesame seed

1997 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1285-1291 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. KOLOPP-SARDA ◽  
D. A. MONERET-VAUTRIN ◽  
B. GOBERT ◽  
G. KANNY ◽  
M. BRODSCHII ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Sesame Seed ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Food Sensitization

scholarly journals Humoral immune responses to AAV gene therapy in the ocular compartment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Whitehead ◽  
Andrew Osborne ◽  
Patrick Yu‐Wai‐Man ◽  
Keith Martin
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses

scholarly journals Intersection of Sex and Frailty in Humoral Immune Responses to Influenza Vaccine in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 271-272
Author(s):  
Janna Shapiro ◽  
Helen Kuo ◽  
Rosemary Morgan ◽  
Huifen Li ◽  
Sabra Klein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Influenza Vaccines ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses

Abstract Older adults bear the highest burden of severe disease and complications associated with seasonal influenza, with annual vaccination serving as the best option for protection. Variability in vaccine efficacy exists, yet the host factors that affect immune responses to inactivated influenza vaccines (IIV) are incompletely understood. We hypothesized that sex and frailty interact to affect vaccine-induced humoral responses among older adults. To test this hypothesis, community-dwelling adults above 75 years of age were recruited yearly, assessed for frailty (as defined by the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria), and vaccinated with the high-dose trivalent IIV. Humoral immune responses were evaluated via hemagglutination inhibition titers. The study began during the 2014-2015 influenza season, with yearly cohorts ranging from 76-163 individuals. A total of 617 vaccinations were delivered from 2014-2019. In preliminary analyses, the outcome of interest was seroconversion, defined as ≥ 4-fold rise in titers. Crude odds ratios suggest that females are more likely to seroconvert to influenza A strains (H1N1: OR = 1.39, (0.98-1.96) ; H3N2: 1.17 (0.85 – 1.62)), while males are more likely to seroconvert to the B strain (OR = 0.85 (0.60 – 1.22)). Furthermore, this sex difference was modified by frailty – for example, the odds of seroconversion to H1N1 were 65% higher for females than males among those who were nonfrail, and only 30% higher among females who were frail. Together, these results suggest that sex and frailty interact to impact immune responses to influenza vaccines. These findings may be leveraged to better protect vulnerable populations.

scholarly journals Effect of Resveratrol Dry Suspension on Immune Function of Piglets

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuting Fu ◽  
Qiankun Cui ◽  
Yi Yang ◽  
Xinghong Zhao ◽  
Xu Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Classical Swine Fever ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Humoral And Cellular Immunity ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Wide Range

Resveratrol, a polyphenolic plant antitoxin, has a wide range of pharmacological activities. In this study, we systematically evaluated the effects of resveratrol dry suspension (RDS) on immune function in piglets that were treated with different doses of RDS for 2 weeks. The results showed that the RDS has significant effects on the development, maturation, proliferation, and transformation of T lymphocytes. RDS could regulate humoral immune responses by upregulating the release of IFN-γ and downregulating the release of TNF-α. After piglets were vaccinated against classical swine fever virus and foot-and-mouth disease virus, the antibody titers were significantly increased. RDS treatment showed an excellent resistance to enhance T-SOD activity. Values of blood routine and blood biochemistry showed no toxicity. These results suggested that RDS could be considered as an adjuvant to enhance immune responses to vaccines, as well as dietary additives for animals to enhance humoral and cellular immunity.

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