scholarly journals Sleep and circadian indices for planning post-pandemic university timetables

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Montagnese ◽  
Lisa Zarantonello ◽  
Chiara Formentin ◽  
Gianluca Giusti ◽  
Chiara Mangini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Timing Information ◽  
Sleep Timing ◽  
Hygiene Education ◽  
The University

The aims of the present study were to obtain sleep quality and sleep timing information in a group of university students, and to evaluate the effects of a circadian hygiene education initiative. All students of the University of Padova (approximately 64,000) were contacted by e-mail (major campaigns in October 2019 and October 2020) and directed to an ad hoc website for collection of demographics and sleep quality/timing information. Participants (n=5740) received one of two sets of circadian hygiene advice ('A regular life' or 'Bright days and dark nights'). Every month, they were then asked how easy it had been to comply, and provided with the advice again. At any even month from joining, they completed the sleep quality/timing questionnaires again. Information on academic performance was obtained post hoc, together with representative samples of lecture (n=5972) and exam (n=1800) timings, plus lecture attendances (n=25,302). 52% of students had poor sleep quality and 82% showed signs of sleep deprivation. Those who joined in October 2020, after several months of lockdown and distance learning, had better sleep quality, less sleep deprivation and later sleep habits. The 'Bright days and dark nights' advice resulted in earlier get-up time/midsleep compared to the 'A regular life' advice. Significant changes in most sleep quality and sleep timing variables were observed in both advice groups over time, also in relation to pandemic-related events characterising 2020. Early-chronotype students had better academic performances compared to their later chronotype counterparts. In a multivariate model, sleep quality, chronotype and study subject were independent predictors of academic performance. Taken together, these results underlie the importance of designing circadian-friendly university timetables.

scholarly journals Quality of sleep and burnout among undergraduate medical students at the university of Nairobi, Kenya

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S279-S279
Author(s):  
Linda Nyamute ◽  
Muthoni Mathai ◽  
Anne Mbwayo
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
The University

AimsThe main objective was to determine whether quality of sleep is associated with burnout among undergraduate medical students at the University of Nairobi.The null hypothesis in our study population was; 'There is no significant association between poor sleep quality and burnout'.BackgroundIn a pressure prevailing environment, medical students find themselves in a vicious cycle of cutting down on sleep in attempts to cope and adjust to increasing workloads. Students with poor sleep quality have been found to perform worse in their board exam and have strained social engagements. Ultimately, this chronic sleep deprivation may lead to burnout which may cause diminished sense of accomplishment and impaired professional conduct, that may be carried on to the career as a physician. High levels of burnout have been associated with suicides.MethodThe sample size obtained was 384 and participants were selected by a mixed sampling method. Data collection was through self-administered questionnaires. Scales used for this study were the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) and the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory(OLBI).Ethical considerations were adhered to and approval obtained from the Kenyatta National Hospital-University of Nairobi(KNH-UON) Ethics Board. Data entry and analysis was by SPSS v23. Data from 336 questionnaires were deemed fit for analysis.ResultWith a response rate of 87.5%, the prevalence of poor sleep quality and burnout were 69.9% and 74.7% respectively. There was a significant positive association between poor sleep quality and female gender, clinical years of study, living with family, poorly perceived socio-economic state and poor subjective academic performance. In addition, being female, younger, pre-clinical years, living independently off-campus and poor subjective academic performance were significantly associated with higher levels of burnout.Burnout had a significant correlation with poor sleep quality. Daytime functioning, a component of sleep quality had the highest correlation with components of burnout, disengagement and exhaustion. Overall, 57% of the respondents had both poor sleep quality &burnout, while only 12% were good sleepers with no burnout. Furthermore, having poor sleep increased the risk of having burnout by 2.8times. It is crucial that students adopt better sleeping habits to reduce the risk of burnout.ConclusionWith the high prevalence of poor sleep quality and burnout, peer-support groups and peer-led mentorship programs are recommended within this population to help deal with expectations, challenges and difficulties encountered within the course of medical education, in addition to preparing for the early future careers.

Sleep Quality Among Undergraduates During Pre-Examination Period

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Aishah Ahad
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Data Dissemination ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Examination Period ◽  
Examination Stress ◽  
The University ◽  
Perceived Sleep Quality

The purpose of the study is to examine the sleep quality of undergraduates during pre-examination period. In addition, the effect of examination stress and sleep quality on academic performance of the undergraduates is also of interest. Questionnaire is used to collect responses from 379 undergraduates regarding perceived stress and sleep quality on the first week of final examination. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is the instruments used in investigating the perceived sleep quality of respondents one month before the test is taken. Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) is used to measure the perceived stress level of the subjects for the past one month. The data dissemination concludes that the overall sleep quality of the undergraduates is poor. Female undergraduates tend to have a slightly better sleep quality than the male undergraduates. The sleep quality shows a weak positive relationship with perceived stress. It is also discovered that sleep quality and perceived stress have no effect on academic performance. The university authority might need to look into the problem of poor sleep quality among undergraduates especially during pre-examination period.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Sleep Patterns and Self-Reported Academic Performance among Medical Students at the University of Ghana School of Medicine and Dentistry

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Jeremy Lawson ◽  
Jude Tettey Wellens-Mensah ◽  
Salamatu Attah Nantogma
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Latency ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Positive Relation ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
The University ◽  
University Of Ghana

Background. Sleep habits and problems play a vital role in determining sleep quality. We describe sleep habits and problems among medical students and assess their possible effect on self-reported academic performance. Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional study among medical students at the University of Ghana during the 2014/2015 academic year. Data was collected using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), a self-report questionnaire that assesses sleep quality over a 1-month time interval. Results. 153 medical students were recruited comprising 83 (54.2%) females and 70 (45.8%) males with a mean age of 23.1 ± 2.4 years. The mean duration of night sleep was 5.7 ± 1.2 hours; 88 (57.5%) students had sleep latency of 10-30 minutes while 18 (11.8%) woke up nightly. 23 (15%) students experienced nightmares, 13 (8.5%) snored at night, and only one student reported coffee intake of 2-3 times daily. Sleep quality was poor in 86 (56.2%) and was significantly associated with sleep latency, morning tiredness, daytime sleepiness during lectures, academic performance, living conditions, leisure time, frequency of nocturnal awakenings, waking up due to noise, sleep walking, and nocturnal awakening to use washroom. There was also a significant positive relation between sleep quality and academic performance (X2 = 10.004 p = 0.019). Conclusion. Poor sleep quality and daytime dysfunction are widespread among medical students in Ghana. There was a significant positive relation between sleep quality and self-reported academic performance.

298 Sleep Stability and Academic Performance in College Students

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A119-A119
Author(s):  
Alexandria Reynolds ◽  
Madelynn Shell
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Transition To College ◽  
Sleep Efficiency ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Sleep Patterns ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Time Points

Abstract Introduction There is considerable research demonstrating poor sleep patterns in college students; however, few studies actually examine sleep stability over a typical undergraduate career. Considering that the transition to college involves significant shifts in independence and potentially creating a foundation of lifelong behavioral patterns, it is important to identify whether these poor sleep patterns change throughout college. Additionally, studies show that shorter sleep duration predicts poorer academic performance. In the current study, it was expected that students would report poor sleep on average, and that poorer sleep would predict worse academic performance. Methods Participants included 27 full-time first-year undergraduate students who completed an online survey every spring for four years to examine sleep habits as part of a larger longitudinal study on the transition to college at a small liberal arts school. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to assess total sleep time (TST), sleep efficiency, and quality; the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) was used to determine sleepiness. Semester GPA was obtained via college registrar records. Results Repeated measures ANOVAs revealed no differences in participants’ sleep variables (TST, sleep quality, sleep efficiency, and sleepiness) across all four time points. Average TST was 6.85 hours per night, and overall sleep quality (PSQI) was poor (M = 6.12). Mean sleep efficiency was 86.70%; mean ESS score was 5.35. Preliminary analyses revealed no significant differences between GPA values over the course of the four years; sleep factors did not predict GPA. Conclusion Overall, students reported short sleep, poor sleep quality, decent sleep efficiency, and borderline higher than normal daytime sleepiness. However, sleep factors and GPA were stable over all time points. These results suggest that poor sleep habits start early and continue throughout students’ college career, as opposed to developing throughout college, or starting out poor and improving. Surprisingly, preliminary results indicated that sleep factors did not predict academic performance. Limitations include subjective sleep assessments, limited testing, and small sample size; however, this longitudinal study sheds interesting light on the general sleep patterns of college students over the course of their entire academic career. Support (if any) None.

scholarly journals Stress, Sleep and Performance in International and Domestic University Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinne Pei Yun Tan ◽  
Kenneth Mark Greenwood
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
University Students ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Acculturative Stress ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Domestic Students ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship

Stress and poor sleep quality are serious and common problems among university students that could have detrimental effects on their academic performance. International students may experience greater difficulty than domestic students because they also need to deal with the challenges associated with moving to a new culture. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between stress (perceived and acculturative), sleep quality and academic performance by comparing them between international and domestic students. Perceived stress negatively correlated with sleep quality. However, no relationship was found between acculturative stress and sleep quality, between sleep quality and academic performance, and between stress (perceived and acculturative) and academic performance. Differences on perceived stress and sleep quality between international and domestic students were found. Perceived stress was found to be an important factor that requires the university to focus on effective stress management programs that could be useful for achieving better sleep quality.

Poor sleep quality associates with self‐reported psychiatric and cardiometabolic symptoms independently of sleep timing patterns in a large sample of rural and urban workers

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Gutiérrez Carvalho ◽  
Ana Maria Delgado Cunha ◽  
André Comiran Tonon ◽  
Fernanda dos Santos Pereira ◽  
Ursula Matte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
Sleep Timing ◽  
Urban Workers ◽  
Rural And Urban

scholarly journals Long weekend sleep is linked to stronger academic performance in male but not female pharmacy students

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-357
Author(s):  
Rehana Khan Leak ◽  
Susan L. Weiner ◽  
Manisha N. Chandwani ◽  
Diane C. Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Real Life ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Men Students ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Recovery Sleep ◽  
Central Hypothesis

Poor sleep hygiene portends loss of physical and mental stamina. Therefore, maintaining a regular sleep/wake schedule on both weekdays and weekends is highly recommended. However, this advice runs contrary to the habits of university students who sleep late on weekends. Pharmacy students at Duquesne University sit for frequent examinations, typically commencing at 7:30 AM, and they complain about mental fatigue. Here, we tested the central hypothesis that longer sleep durations on both weekdays and weekends are linked to stronger academic performance in men and women. Students in their first professional year were administered three surveys to collect data on sleep habits and factors that might influence sleep, such as roommates, long commute times, and sleep interruptions. Grade point averages (GPAs) were collected from the Dean’s office, with individual permissions from the students. Longer weekend—but not weekday—sleep durations were significantly correlated with higher cumulative GPAs in men and not in women. Women achieved slightly higher cumulative GPAs than men. Students who fell asleep within 15 min of going to bed had higher professional-phase GPAs than those who fell asleep after an hour or more. Our observations cannot establish causal links, but, given the body of prior evidence on the salutary properties of sleep, men may reap more benefit from recovery sleep on weekends. Rather than recommending that students force themselves awake early on weekends in an attempt to maintain a consistent sleep routine, the real-life habits of students should also be given consideration.

A Study on the Sleep Forehead EEG

2013 ◽  
Vol 311 ◽  
pp. 507-511
Author(s):  
Yi Yeh Lee ◽  
Aaron Raymond See ◽  
Shih Chung Chen ◽  
Chih Kuo Liang
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Single Channel ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Total Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Theta Wave ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Neuropsychological Tasks

The purpose of this study was to utilize prefrontal EEG to discuss the theta EEG on the sleep quality of good and poor sleepers. Prefrontal EEG was chosen as it was positively correlated with reduced performance on neuropsychological tasks during total sleep deprivation. Hence, two test groups of ten volunteers were taken as test groups of good and poor sleepers. In addition, six tasks were performed using single channel forehead EEG. Results showed that audio stimulation provided the largest difference in theta amplitude between good and poor sleepers. Second, a large difference in the theta amplitude could be observed before and after the audio stimulation for poor sleepers. Third, it was also proven that prefrontal EEG could be conveniently applied for studying poor sleep qualities as it exhibited significant changes in the subject’s prefrontal EEG after biofeedback stimulation. In conclusion, the current research was able to provide significant differences between good and poor sleepers using prefrontal EEG through measuring and analyzing EEG theta wave.

scholarly journals Quality of Sleep in the Cypriot Population and Its Association With Multimorbidity: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Kyprianidou ◽  
Demosthenes Panagiotakos ◽  
Maria Kambanaros ◽  
Konstantinos C. Makris ◽  
Costas A. Christophi
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire

Poor sleep is a relatively common condition with possibly serious adverse health consequences. Lack of sleep affects the endocrine, immune, and nervous systems. In Cyprus, there is no information about the quality of sleep in the population. The goal of this study was to assess the quality of sleep in the Cypriot population and evaluate its association with multimorbidity. A representative sample of the adult population of Cyprus was selected in 2018–2019 among the five government-controlled municipalities of the Republic of Cyprus using stratified sampling. Data on sleep quality as well as on the presence of chronic, clinical, and mental health conditions were collected using a validated questionnaire. Diseases were classified according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10). A total of 1,140 Cypriot men and women over 18-years of age (range: 18–94) participated in the study. The median Pittsburgh sleep quality index score of the participants was 5 (first quartile = 3, third quartile = 7) with the maximum score being 17, which suggests that the Cypriot population has a relatively good quality of sleep overall, although, almost one-third of the study population had a poor quality of sleep. Women, residents of Paphos, and married people had a poorer quality of sleep (p < 0.05). Having a poor quality of sleep was associated with higher odds of multimorbidity (OR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.55, 3.16), even after adjusting for demographics, socioeconomic, and lifestyle factors. Adopting good sleep habits could be beneficial and would potentially help reduce the risk of multimorbidity. Public health guidelines regarding the importance of sleep and its association with multimorbidity should be considered.

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