scholarly journals APOE ε4 effects on hippocampal atrophy in the healthy elderly reflect future cognitive decline

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Zhang ◽  
Miguel Calero ◽  
Miguel Medina ◽  
Bryan Strange
Keyword(s):  
Brain Structure ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Hippocampal Volume ◽  
Hippocampal Atrophy ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Phenotypic Differences ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Neuroimaging Data ◽  
Genotype Interaction

The APOE ϵ4 allele is the primary genetic risk factor for late onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). A cardinal problem in determining APOE ϵ4's effect on cognition and brain structure in older individuals is dissociating prodromal changes — linked to increased AD risk — from potential phenotypic differences. To address this, we used cognitive and neuroimaging data from a large cohort of cognitively normal 69-86 year-olds with up to 8 yearly follow-ups to investigate cross-sectional and longitudinal differences between APOE ϵ3/ϵ3 homozygotes and ϵ3/ϵ4 heterozygotes. Although we found a significant age-by-genotype interaction in right hippocampal volume, once our analyses were conditionalised by future diagnosis to account for prodromal mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD, this effect was no longer observed. Likewise, longitudinally, rate of hippocampal atrophy was determined not by genotype, but by future diagnosis. Thus, we provide direct evidence in support of the prodromal hypothesis of APOE ϵ4 on brain structure.

scholarly journals Hippocampal volume change in depression: Late- and early-onset illness compared

2004 ◽  
Vol 184 (6) ◽  
pp. 488-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian J. Lloyd ◽  
I. Nicol Ferrier ◽  
Robert Barber ◽  
Anil Gholkar ◽  
Allan H. Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Hippocampal Volume ◽  
Vascular Pathology ◽  
Hippocampal Atrophy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

BackgroundEvidence for structural hippocampal change in depression is limited despite reports of neuronal damage due to hypercortisolaemia and vascular pathology.AimsTo compare hippocampal and white matter structural change in demographically matched controls and participants with early-onset and late-onset depression.MethodHigh-resolution volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and rating of MRI hyperintensities.ResultsA total of 51 people with depression and 39 control participants were included. Participants with late-onset depression had bilateral hippocampal atrophy compared with those with early-onset depression and controls. Hippocampal volumes did not differ between control participants and those with early-onset depression. Age of depression onset correlated (negatively) with hippocampal volume but lifetime duration of depression did not. Hyperintensity ratings did not differ between groups.ConclusionsResults suggest that acquired biological factors are of greater importance in late-than in early-onset illness and that pathological processes other than exposure to hypercortisolaemia of depression underlie hippocampal atrophy in depression of late life.

scholarly journals The association between driving a car and retention of brain volume in Japanese older adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Shimada ◽  
Seongryu Bae ◽  
Kenji Harada ◽  
Keitaro Makino ◽  
Ippei Chiba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Brain Atrophy ◽  
Brain Volume ◽  
Temporal Cortex ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Occipital Cortex ◽  
Hippocampal Volume ◽  
Active Group ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Objective: To examine the association between driving and structural brain volume in older individuals. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 1063 older adults. We examined global brain measures, including gray and white matter volumes and subcortical volume, using the FreeSurfer program. Participants were divided into non-drivers, those who drove < 7 days a week, and every day drivers. They were further classified into a non-driving group, an active group (drove 10 km at least once a week), and a less-active group (drove 10 km less than once a week). Results: Drivers had a larger hippocampal volume than non-drivers (p = 0.048). Low-frequency drivers had a larger occipital cortex volume than non-drivers and high-frequency drivers (p = 0.007). Active drivers had larger temporal cortex volumes than non-active drivers (p = 0.020), larger cingulate cortex volumes than non-drivers and less-active drivers (p = 0.002), and larger hippocampus volumes than non-drivers (p = 0.019). A post-hoc analysis revealed no significant between-group differences in the amygdala. Conclusions: Driving was associated with diminished hippocampal brain atrophy in older adults. Active drivers with a larger life space exhibited less brain atrophy in several regions, including the temporal and cingulate cortices.

scholarly journals APOE‐ε4 and hippocampal volume in the cognitively healthy elderly: Longitudinal analysis reveals origins of apparent cross‐sectional differences

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (S4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Zhang ◽  
Eva Duenas ◽  
Christopher Long ◽  
Susana Navas ◽  
Miguel Calero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Hippocampal Volume ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Apoe Ε4 ◽  
Healthy Elderly

scholarly journals Cerebrovascular mediated subclinical brain injury – interaction between cardiovascular function, brain structure and cognitive function – study rationale, design and principal methods

2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-181
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Katulska ◽  
Andrzej Minczykowski ◽  
Jarosław Piskorski ◽  
Mateusz Wykrętowicz ◽  
Marek Stajgis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Brain Structure ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Cardiovascular Function ◽  
Vascular Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Function Study

Project entitled “Cerebrovascular mediated subclinical brain injury – interaction between cardiovascular function, brain structure and cognitive function- study rationale, design and principal methods” is a cross-sectional study in a group of older individuals with no apparent symptoms of stroke, transient ischemic attacks or cognitive impairment. The primary aim of the projects is further our understanding of the patomechanism of cerebrovascular disease associate brain injury as well as vascular cognitive impairment and give a better insight into the interplay between arterial wall, ventriculo-vascular coupling, wave reflection and pulsatility of the flow and how these interplays are mirrored by MRI neuroimaging. With our novel, interdisciplinary approach, we will define the methodology and build tools for those who want to follow in this challenging and non-standard direction.

scholarly journals Self-reported sleep relates to hippocampal atrophy across the adult lifespan: results from the Lifebrain consortium

SLEEP ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders M Fjell ◽  
Øystein Sørensen ◽  
Inge K Amlien ◽  
David Bartrés-Faz ◽  
Didac Maciá Bros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hippocampal Volume ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Hippocampal Atrophy ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Volume Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Lifespan ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objectives Poor sleep is associated with multiple age-related neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric conditions. The hippocampus plays a special role in sleep and sleep-dependent cognition, and accelerated hippocampal atrophy is typically seen with higher age. Hence, it is critical to establish how the relationship between sleep and hippocampal volume loss unfolds across the adult lifespan. Methods Self-reported sleep measures and MRI-derived hippocampal volumes were obtained from 3105 cognitively normal participants (18–90 years) from major European brain studies in the Lifebrain consortium. Hippocampal volume change was estimated from 5116 MRIs from 1299 participants for whom longitudinal MRIs were available, followed up to 11 years with a mean interval of 3.3 years. Cross-sectional analyses were repeated in a sample of 21,390 participants from the UK Biobank. Results No cross-sectional sleep—hippocampal volume relationships were found. However, worse sleep quality, efficiency, problems, and daytime tiredness were related to greater hippocampal volume loss over time, with high scorers showing 0.22% greater annual loss than low scorers. The relationship between sleep and hippocampal atrophy did not vary across age. Simulations showed that the observed longitudinal effects were too small to be detected as age-interactions in the cross-sectional analyses. Conclusions Worse self-reported sleep is associated with higher rates of hippocampal volume decline across the adult lifespan. This suggests that sleep is relevant to understand individual differences in hippocampal atrophy, but limited effect sizes call for cautious interpretation.

scholarly journals Hippocampal atrophy in people with memory deficits: results from the population-based IPREA study

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1067-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Ferrarini ◽  
Baldur van Lew ◽  
Johan H. C. Reiber ◽  
Claudia Gandin ◽  
Lucia Galluzzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Hippocampal Volume ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Hippocampal Atrophy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
With Memory ◽  
Shape Changes

ABSTRACTBackground:Clinical studies have shown that hippocampal atrophy is present before dementia in people with memory deficits and can predict dementia development. The question remains whether this association holds in the general population. This is of interest for the possible use of hippocampal atrophy to screen population for preventive interventions. The aim of this study was to assess hippocampal volume and shape abnormalities in elderly adults with memory deficits in a cross-sectional population-based study.Methods:We included individuals participating in the Italian Project on the Epidemiology of Alzheimer Disease (IPREA) study: 75 cognitively normal individuals (HC), 31 individuals with memory deficits (MEM), and 31 individuals with memory deficits not otherwise specified (MEMnos). Hippocampal volumes and shape were extracted through manual tracing and the growing and adaptive meshes (GAMEs) shape-modeling algorithm. We investigated between-group differences in hippocampal volume and shape, and correlations with memory deficits.Results:In MEM participants, hippocampal volumes were significantly smaller than in HC and were mildly associated with worse memory scores. Memory-associated shape changes mapped to the anterior hippocampus. Shape-based analysis detected no significant difference between MEM and HC, while MEMnos showed shape changes in the posterior hippocampus compared with HC and MEM groups.Conclusions:These findings support the discriminant validity of hippocampal volumetry as a biomarker of memory impairment in the general population. The detection of shape changes in MEMnos but not in MEM participants suggests that shape-based biomarkers might lack sensitivity to detect Alzheimer's-like pathology in the general population.

scholarly journals 1271Green tea consumption is associated with annual changes in hippocampal volumes: a longitudinal study

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Zhang ◽  
Rei Otsuka ◽  
Yukiko Nishita ◽  
Akinori Nakamura ◽  
Takashi Kato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Tea ◽  
Hippocampal Volume ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Annual Rate ◽  
Hippocampal Atrophy ◽  
Tea Consumption ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Middle Aged

Abstract Background To investigate the association between green tea consumption and the annual rate of change of gray matter (GM), white matter (WM), and hippocampal volumes in middle-aged and older Japanese community-dwellers. Methods A prospective cohort study with two years of follow-up was conducted with 1693 participants (aged 40–89 years). Green tea consumption (mL/day) data were collected with a 3-day dietary record. Volumes of GM, WM, and the hippocampus were estimated by T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging and FreeSurfer software. The GM ratio, WM ratio, and hippocampal ratio (HR) were calculated as the percentages of total intracranial volume, respectively. Results The mean (SD) annual rate of change of hippocampal volume [(HR at baseline - HR at follow-up)/HR at baseline/follow-up years×100%] was 0.499 (1.128) (%). In the multivariable-adjusted general linear model, green tea consumption at baseline was negatively associated only with the annual rate of change of hippocampal volume (%) [β (95% CI) for each 1 mL/day increase in green tea consumption = -20.2E-5 (-35.0E-5 to -5.3E-5); P-value = 0.008]. No associations were observed for the annual rate of change of GM or WM volumes. The results remained significant when the analysis was limited to those with stable green tea consumption and were especially evident among individuals aged 65 years and older and among women. Conclusions In this study, each additional 100 mL/day of green tea intake was related to a reduction of approximately 5% in annual hippocampal atrophy. This association was especially evident among older individuals and among women. Key messages A negative association between green tea consumption and brain atrophy has been suggested; however, this relationship has not yet been investigated in humans. In this study, for the first time, a negative association between green tea consumption and annual hippocampal atrophy was observed in community-dwelling middle-aged and older individuals.

scholarly journals Self-reported sleep relates to hippocampal atrophy across the adult lifespan – results from the Lifebrain consortium

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders M. Fjell ◽  
Øystein Sørensen ◽  
Inge K. Amlien ◽  
David Bartrés-Faz ◽  
Didac Maciá Bros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Hippocampal Volume ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Hippocampal Atrophy ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Volume Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Lifespan ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractBackgroundPoor sleep is associated with multiple age-related neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric conditions. The hippocampus plays a special role in sleep and sleep-dependent cognition, and accelerated hippocampal atrophy is typically seen with higher age. Hence, it is critical to establish how the relationship between sleep and hippocampal volume loss unfolds across the adult lifespan.MethodsSelf-reported sleep measures and MRI-derived hippocampal volumes were obtained from 3105 cognitively normal participants (18-90 years) from major European brain studies in the Lifebrain consortium. Hippocampal volume change was estimated from 5116 MRIs from 1299 participants, covering up to 11 years. Cross-sectional analyses were repeated in a sample of 21390 participants from the UK Biobank.ResultsThe relationship between self-reported sleep and age differed across sleep items. Sleep duration, efficiency, problems, and use of medication worsened monotonously with age, whereas subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, and daytime tiredness improved. Women reported worse sleep in general than men, but the relationship to age was similar. No cross-sectional sleep – hippocampal volume relationships was found. However, worse sleep quality, efficiency, problems, and daytime tiredness were related to greater hippocampal volume loss over time, with high scorers showing on average 0.22% greater annual loss than low scorers. Simulations showed that longitudinal effects were too small to be detected as age-interactions in cross-sectional analyses.ConclusionsWorse self-reported sleep is associated with higher rates of hippocampal decline across the adult lifespan. This suggests that sleep is relevant to understand individual differences in hippocampal atrophy, but limited effect sizes call for cautious interpretation.

Perceived Voice Disorders in Older Adults and Impact on Social Interactions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Connie K. Porcaro ◽  
Clare Singer ◽  
Boris Djokic ◽  
Ali A. Danesh ◽  
Ruth Tappen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Voice Disorders ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Vocal Performance ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Cross Sectional

Purpose Many aging individuals, even those who are healthy, report voice changes that can impact their ability to communicate as they once did. While this is commonly reported, most do not seek evaluation or management for this issue. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and differences in voice disorders in older adults, along with the effect of fatigue on their social interactions. Method This is a cross-sectional investigation of a community-dwelling sample of individuals aged 60 years or older. Participants completed the Questionnaire on Vocal Performance, the Social Engagement Index subset “Engagement in Social or Leisure Activities,” and the Fatigue Severity Scale. Results Results indicated 32.5% of the 332 participants reported symptoms of voice problems with no difference found between male and female respondents. A slight increase in report of voice problems was noted with each year of age. Participants who self-reported voice problems indicated less interaction in social activities involving communication than those who did not. Finally, as severity of self-reported voice problems increased, an increase was reported by the same individuals for signs of fatigue. Conclusions Voice problems and resulting decreased social interaction are commonly experienced by older individuals. Voice symptoms in older adults have been found to benefit from evidence-based treatment strategies. It is critical to provide education to encourage older individuals to seek appropriate evaluation and management for voice issues through a speech-language pathologist or medical professional.

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