scholarly journals COVID-19 policies in practice and their direct and indirect impacts in Northern California jails

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiran E Liu ◽  
Christopher LeBoa ◽  
Marcela Rodriguez ◽  
Beruk Sherif ◽  
Chrisele Trinidad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Northern California ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Direct And Indirect Impacts ◽  
Indirect Impacts ◽  
Survey Responses

Context: Although the increased risk of COVID-19 in carceral facilities is well documented, little is known about the practical barriers to infection control and indirect impacts of pandemic policies in these settings. Evidence in jails is especially scarce. Methods: Between July 8, 2020 and April 30, 2021 we performed SARS-CoV-2 serology testing and administered a questionnaire among residents and staff in four Northern California jails. We analyzed seroprevalence in conjunction with demographic factors and survey responses of self-perceived COVID-19 risk, recent illness, COVID-19 test results, and symptom reporting behaviors. We additionally assessed COVID-19 policies in practice and evaluated their impacts on court dates, mental health, and routine health care. We engaged stakeholder representatives, including incarcerated individuals and their advocates, to guide study design, conduct, and interpretation. Findings: We enrolled 788 incarcerated individuals and 380 staff across four county jails. Most seropositive individuals had not previously tested positive for COVID-19, despite many suspecting prior infection. Among incarcerated participants, we identified deficient access to face masks and prevalent symptom underreporting associated with fears of isolation and perceptions of medical neglect in jail. Incarcerated participants also reported substantial hindrances to court cases and reductions in routine health care due to COVID-19. Incarcerated individuals and staff both cited worsened mental health due to COVID-19, which for incarcerated individuals was largely attributable to further isolation from loved ones and other pandemic restrictions on recreation and programming. Conclusions: Perceptions of inadequate protection from COVID-19 were pervasive among incarcerated individuals. Simultaneously, restrictive measures compounded poor mental health and fostered fears of isolation that undermined effective infection control. Custody officials should work to systematically improve provision of masks, understand and mitigate fears and mistrust, and take proactive steps to minimize the detrimental impacts of restrictive policies on residents' mental health and well-being.

The Divorced Family–Focused Care Model: A Nursing Model to Enhance Child and Family Mental Health and Well-Being of Doubly Bereaved Children Following Parental Divorce and Subsequent Parental Cancer and Death

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jette Marcussen ◽  
Lise Hounsgaard ◽  
Poul Bruun ◽  
Merete Golles Laursen ◽  
Frode Thuen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Parental Divorce ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Care Model ◽  
Bereaved Children ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
American Children ◽  
Divorced Family

The experience of parental death concomitant with parental divorce occurs for 46% of Danish children and 50% of American children who lose a parent to death. This experience of loss and double bereavement compounds increased risk of mental health problems. The aim of this study was to explore nursing interventions for double bereaved children that promoted their well-being. A phenomenological–hermeneutic approach was used to conduct 20 interviews with nurses in family cancer care. Ricoeur’s theoretical framework was followed with naïve reading, structural analysis, and critical interpretation, resulting in the formulation of a new model of nursing care for these children: the Divorced Family–Focused Care Model. Four themes were apparent: (a) collection of information about family structure, (b) assessment of support needs, (c) initiation of well-being support, and (d) coordination and follow-up focused on the child’s well-being. The new intervention model has implications for health care education and implementation of health care policies.

Drawing time revisited: the benefits of art therapy in prison

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-60
Author(s):  
David Gussak
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Art Therapy ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Prison Inmates ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Mental Well Being

My ideas of the benefits of art and art therapy in prison has evolved over the years, culminating in the publication Art and Art Therapy with the Imprisoned: Re-Creating Identity. The chapter reproduced here, stipulates that one obstacle correctional institutions need to address is the unending rise of mental illness due to the escalating arrest and incarceration of the mentally ill or the degradation of mental well-being of those inside. Such trauma is brought about, in part, by the overcrowded facilities and the resultant lack of privacy, stress, abuse, inadequate health care, and poor support. In addition, prison inmates are burdened with derogatory labels resulting in poor sympathy from society at large. Poor mental health is the unavoidable consequence. Yet, it is increasingly difficult to provide services in an environment where identified weaknesses and vulnerabilities may be taken advantage of. To succeed, therapists should be armed with tools to overcome the inmates’ distrust, inherent aggression, and potentially damaged cognitive abilities. Art therapy has been effective in addressing the needs of the clients by its ability to bypass these survival-based defences. This article explores these various benefits and provides an overview on why art therapy is clinically advantageous for those inside.

scholarly journals European Integrated Care Horizon 2020: increase societal participation; reduce care demands and costs in Finnish context

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Heikkinen ◽  
Mari Lahti ◽  
Johanna Berg ◽  
Arina Kiseleva ◽  
Sini Eloranta
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Integrated Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Horizon 2020 ◽  
Societal Participation ◽  
Mental Health Client

This project is part of larger European level integrated care project led by HU University of Applied Sciences.Background: In Finland, the integration of social and health care services has taken centre stage in both the policy and practice arenas. The needs of many client groups, for example mental health client, older people and families of child, are many and varied.For example, poor mental health considerably impairs well-being of the population and has considerable economic consequences like absence from work, early retirement and productive losses. Efforts to move towards integrated care in social and health care have been met with increased interest and enthusiasm in recent years.  This will increase the focus to improve care and population health while containing costs. However, there is a need to better understand different integrated care approaches for social and health care and guide future implementation of new integrated care models.It is now important to move towards integrated care for many client groups e.g. mental disorders. In this, professionals with different training backgrounds co-ordinate their expertise in providing care for theirshared clients. It provides a safe nexus for the exchange of knowledge and opinions, as well as a framework for reaching a consensus about appropriate health care delivery for a particular client or client cohort. The client should have an immediate access to integrated care, with a focus on rehabilitation in patient’s social roles.Aim: Support societal participation, quality of live and reduce care demand and costs in social and health care client, for example mental health client through integration of healthcare and welfare services. 

Self-reported health and access to care among cancer caregivers: Analysis of the 2015 behavioral risk factor surveillance system (BRFSS).

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 6573-6573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Castellanos ◽  
Sayeh Nikpay
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Access To Care ◽  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Caregiving Burden ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Reported Health ◽  
Cancer Caregivers

6573 Background: Caregivers play a vital role in the support and treatment of cancer patients. Caregiver well-being can impact patient-perceived quality of care. The study objectives were to compare self-reported health and access to care between cancer caregivers and non-caregivers, and to determine the relationship of caregiving burden to self-reported health and access to care. Methods: We used data from the Caregiver and Core Modules of the 2015 BRFSS, an annual federal survey of health-related behavior, health conditions, and preventive service use. Caregiver burden was assessed by time (hours per week and duration of caregiving) and task (personal care and household management tasks). Measures of self-reported health and access to care between cancer caregivers and non-caregivers were compared using t-test or Chi-Square testing. Associations of caregiver burden with self-reported health and access to care were assessed with linear and logistic regressions. Results: 1,910 cancer caregivers and 84,412 non-caregivers were included. Compared to non-caregivers, cancer caregivers were more likely to report inability to see a physician due to cost (15% vs 9%; p < 0.001), depression (25.0% vs 17.9%; p < 0.001), and poor mental health (mean days per month 5.7 vs 3.1; p < 0.001). Compared to caregivers with low task burden, those with moderate or high task burden reported both more poor mental health days (moderate ß = 1.8, 95% CI 0.5 – 3.1, p = 0.008; high ß = 2.0, 95% CI 0.6 – 3.3, p = 0.004) and increased likelihood of cost barriers (moderate OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.03 – 2.5, p = .035; high OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.2 – 2.9, p = .008). Increased time burden was associated with more poor mental health days (moderate ß = 1.5, 95% CI 0.2 – 2.7, p = .02; high ß = 4.4, 95% CI 3.3 – 5.6, p < .001) but not cost barriers. No differences in insurance, personal health provider, medical check-ups, or self-reported poor physical health were identified. Conclusions: Cancer caregivers are more likely than non-caregivers to report poor mental health, depression, and difficulty seeing a physician due to cost. Caregivers with high caregiving burden are at increased risk of experiencing poor mental health and cost barriers to medical care.

scholarly journals Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Older Adults Mental Health Services: a mixed methods study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohan Bhome ◽  
Jonathan Huntley ◽  
Christian Dalton- Locke ◽  
Norha Vera San Juan ◽  
Sian Oram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Inpatient Settings

AbstractPurposeThe Covid-19 pandemic is likely to have a significant impact on older adults mental health care. Our study aimed to explore staff perspectives on key challenges and innovations, to help inform the delivery of older adults mental health care in subsequent waves of the pandemic.MethodsA mixed methods online questionnaire developed by NIHR Mental Health Policy Research Unit (MHPRU) was used to gather staff perspectives on their challenges at work, problems faced by service users and their carers, and sources of help and support. Descriptive statistics were used for quantitative analysis and descriptive content analysis for qualitative analysis.Results158 participants, working in either community or inpatient settings, and from a range of professional disciplines, were included. For inpatient staff, a significant challenge was infection control. In the community, staff identified a lack of access to physical and social care as well as reduced contact with friends and families as being challenges for patients. Remote working was seen as a positive innovation along with Covid-19 related guidance from various sources and peer support.ConclusionOur study, with a focus on staff and patient well-being, helps to inform service development for future waves of the pandemic. We discuss measures to improve infection control in inpatient settings, the role of voluntary organisations in supporting socially isolated community patients, the need for better integration of physical and mental health services at an organisational level, and the importance of training staff to support patients and their families with end of life planning.

scholarly journals Stress, burnout and depression in women in health care during COVID-19 Pandemic: Rapid Scoping Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abi Sriharan ◽  
Savithiri Ratnapalan ◽  
Andrea C. Tricco ◽  
Doina Lupea ◽  
Ana Patricia Ayala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Family Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Scoping Reviews

ABSTRACT Objectives The overall objectives of this rapid scoping review are to (a) synthesize the common triggers of stress, burnout, and depression faced by women in health care during the COVID-19 pandemic, and (b) identify individual-, organizational-, and systems-level interventions that can support the well-being of women HCWs during a pandemic. Design This scoping review is registered on Open Science Framework (OSF) and was guided by the JBI guide to scoping reviews and reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) extension to scoping reviews. A systematic search of literature databases (Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycInfo and ERIC) was conducted from 2003 until June 12, 2020. Two reviewers independently assessed full-text articles according to predefined criteria. Interventions We included review articles and primary studies that reported on stress, burnout, and depression in HCWs; that primarily focused on women; and that included the percentage or number of women included. All English language studies from any geographical setting where COVID-19 has affected the population were reviewed. Primary and secondary outcome measures Studies reporting on mental health outcomes (e.g., stress, burnout, and depression in HCWs), interventions to support mental health well-being were included. Results Of the 2,803 papers found, 31 were included. The triggers of stress, burnout and depression are grouped under individual-, organizational-, and systems-level factors. There is a limited amount of evidence on effective interventions that prevents anxiety, stress, burnout and depression during a pandemic. Conclusions Our preliminary findings show that women HCWs are at increased risk for stress, burnout, and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. These negative outcomes are triggered by individual level factors such as lack of social support; family status; organizational factors such as access to personal protective equipment or high workload; and systems-level factors such as prevalence of COVID-19, rapidly changing public health guidelines, and a lack of recognition at work. Keywords Coronavirus, COVID-19, women in health care, stress, burnout, depression

Out of tune: Perceptions of, engagement with, and responses to mental health interventions by professional popular musicians—A scoping review

2021 ◽  
pp. 030573562110194
Author(s):  
Amy Visser ◽  
Megan Lee ◽  
Timothy Barringham ◽  
Nasim Salehi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Distinct Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Mental Health Interventions ◽  
Industry Peers

Professional popular musicians are at increased risk of psychological distress, substance use problems, and suicide, yet little evidence is available on effective psychotherapeutic practices to address these issues. This scoping review aims to understand how professional popular musicians perceive, engage with, and respond to mental health interventions. Four databases were searched, garnering a total of 310 articles. Of these, six met inclusion criteria. Four thematic categories were explored: (1) amenability of professional popular musicians to particular therapeutic approaches; (2) attribution of treatment outcomes to tailored approaches; (3) professional popular musicians’ perceived barriers to treatment; and (4) recommendations for treatment approaches. The scoping review supports the importance of considering the characteristics of professional popular musicians as a distinct group with unique well-being needs, challenges, and strengths. There is a clear preference for tailored, affordable, and accessible approaches that consider the uniquities of musicianship and the need to explore the role of nonclinical support, such as friends, family, and industry peers.

scholarly journals COVID-19 is having a destructive impact on health-care workers’ mental well-being

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kris Vanhaecht ◽  
Deborah Seys ◽  
Luk Bruyneel ◽  
Bianca Cox ◽  
Gorik Kaesemans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Residential Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mental Health Symptoms ◽  
Health Symptoms ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Sources Of Support ◽  
Mental Well Being

Abstract Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may aggravate workplace conditions that impact health-care workers’ mental health. However, it can also place other stresses on workers outside of their work. This study determines the effect of COVID-19 on symptoms of negative and positive mental health and the workforce’s experience with various sources of support. Effect modification by demographic variables was also studied. Methods A cross-sectional survey study, conducted between 2 April and 4 May 2020 (two waves), led to a convenience sample of 4509 health-care workers in Flanders (Belgium), including paramedics (40.6%), nurses (33.4%), doctors (13.4%) and management staff (12.2%). About three in four were employed in university and acute hospitals (29.6%), primary care practices (25.7%), residential care centers (21.3%) or care sites for disabled and mental health care. In each of the two waves, participants were asked how frequently (on a scale of 0–10) they experienced positive and negative mental health symptoms during normal circumstances and during last week, referred to as before and during COVID-19, respectively. These symptoms were stress, hypervigilance, fatigue, difficulty sleeping, unable to relax, fear, irregular lifestyle, flashback, difficulty concentrating, feeling unhappy and dejected, failing to recognize their own emotional response, doubting knowledge and skills and feeling uncomfortable within the team. Associations between COVID-19 and mental health symptoms were estimated by cumulative logit models and reported as odds ratios. The needed support was our secondary outcome and was reported as the degree to which health-care workers relied on sources of support and how they experienced them. Results All symptoms were significantly more pronounced during versus before COVID-19. For hypervigilance, there was a 12-fold odds (odds ratio 12.24, 95% confidence interval 11.11–13.49) during versus before COVID-19. Positive professional symptoms such as the feeling that one can make a difference were less frequently experienced. The association between COVID-19 and mental health was generally strongest for the age group 30–49 years, females, nurses and residential care centers. Health-care workers reported to rely on support from relatives and peers. A considerable proportion, respectively, 18 and 27%, reported the need for professional guidance from psychologists and more support from their leadership. Conclusions The toll of the crisis has been heavy on health-care workers. Those who carry leadership positions at an organizational or system level should take this opportunity to develop targeted strategies to mitigate key stressors of health-care workers’ mental well-being.

scholarly journals Family Physicians’ Standpoint and Mental Health Assessment in the Light of COVID-19 Pandemic—A Nationwide Survey Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 2093
Author(s):  
Tina Vilovic ◽  
Josko Bozic ◽  
Marino Vilovic ◽  
Doris Rusic ◽  
Sanja Zuzic Furlan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Family Physicians ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
The Impact

During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, family physicians (FPs) are the backbone of the healthcare system with considerable impact on the general population, and their well-being is of great importance. The aim of this investigation was to assess FPs mental health, as well as knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAPs) regarding the pandemic, and opinions on non-communicable disease (NCD) health care provided to patients. A cross-sectional study was carried out with a sample of 613 FPs. Anxiety and depression levels were estimated with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, subjective perceived stress with the Perceived Stress Scale, while trauma-related symptoms were assessed using the Impact on Event Scale-COVID19. KAPs toward the pandemic and opinions regarding NCD patients were evaluated with questionnaires accordingly. Results have shown that age (β = −0.02, p = 0.013) and personal risk of COVID‑19 (β = 1.05, p < 0.001) were significant independent correlates of the knowledge score. A total of 87.7% FPs expressed moderate/high perceived stress, 45.2% moderate/severe trauma-related symptoms, 60.4% borderline/abnormal anxiety levels, and 52.4% borderline/abnormal depression levels. Knowledge score was an independent predictor of perceived stress (β = −0.33, p = 0.023) and anxiety (β = −0.31, p = 0.006) levels. Limited accessibility to healthcare services and decreased number of newly-diagnosed NCD cases were mostly agreed on. The pandemic puts a considerable strain on FPs mental health, as well as on public health measures, due to the decreased overall quality of NCD patient health care. Educational programs may bridge the gaps between FPs’ knowledge. Thus lowering anxiety and improving patient care.

Suicidal ideation in an ethnically mixed, highland Guatemalan community

2021 ◽  
pp. 136346152097693
Author(s):  
Carla Pezzia ◽  
Luisa M. Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Survey Responses

Reported suicide rates in Latin America remain low, but there is evidence to suggest they may be increasing, particularly among indigenous populations. To better understand who may be at risk for suicide, we examined the prevalence of suicidal ideation and explored factors contributing to suicidal thoughts in an ethnically mixed, highland Guatemalan community. The data presented in this article are from a mixed methods ethnographic field project conducted over 15 months from 2010 to 2011 in Panajachel, Guatemala. We surveyed a random sample of 350 community members. Survey questions included standardized modules from the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview, as well as questions on experiences of violence and mental health care. We also conducted semi-structured interviews with 13 self-selected survey participants with current suicidal ideation. These interviews included questions regarding survey responses, experiences of mental illness, and access to mental health care. A total of 55 survey participants (N = 350; 15.7%) scored positive for suicidality. Ethnic identity, gender, psychiatric illness, and experiences of violence were all correlated to suicidal ideation. Qualitative interview data highlight distinctions between genders within prominent themes of religion, family, experiences of violence, and seeking resources. Three key findings emerged from our research that are relevant to the literature: 1) ethnic identity may be both a critical risk and a protective factor for suicide in some indigenous people; 2) intersections between violence and gender highlight different patterns in suicidal ideation; and 3) high rates of suicidal ideation and other psychiatric comorbidities underscore the need for greater access to mental health services.

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