scholarly journals Drug Contraindications in Comorbid Diseases: a Protein Interactome Perspective

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalyani B Karunakaran ◽  
Madhavi Ganapathiraju ◽  
Sanjeev Jain ◽  
Samir Brahmachari ◽  
Narayanaswamy Balakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Cellular Protein ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Comorbid Condition ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction ◽  
Ppi Networks ◽  
Comorbid Diseases ◽  
Drug Withdrawals ◽  
The Individual

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are leading causes of death and drug withdrawals and frequently co-occur with comorbidities. However, systematic studies on the effects of drugs in comorbidities are lacking. Drug interactions with the cellular protein-protein interaction (PPI) network give rise to ADRs. We selected 6 comorbid disease pairs, identified the drugs used in the treatment of the individual diseases A and B — 44 drugs in anxiety and depression, 128 in asthma and hypertension, 48 in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and heart failure, 58 in type 2 diabetes and obesity, 58 in Parkinson′s disease and schizophrenia, and 84 in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis — and categorized them based on whether they aggravate the comorbid condition. We constructed drug target networks (DTNs) and examined their enrichment among genes in disease A/B PPI networks, expressed across 53 tissues and involved in ≈1000 pathways. To pinpoint the biological features characterizing the DTNs, we performed principal component analysis and computed the Euclidean distance between DTN component scores and feature loading values. DTNs of disease A drugs not contraindicated in B were affiliated with proteins common to A/B networks or uniquely found in the B network, similarly regulated common pathways, and disease-B specific pathways and tissues. DTNs of disease A drugs contraindicated in B were affiliated with common proteins or those uniquely found in the A network, differentially regulated common pathways, and disease A-specific pathways and tissues. Hence, DTN enrichment in pathways, tissues, and PPI networks of comorbid diseases will help identify drugs contraindications in comorbidities.

scholarly journals Thyroid Gland Disease as a Comorbid Condition in COPD

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Aziz Gumus ◽  
Neslihan Ozcelik ◽  
Bilge Yilmaz Kara ◽  
Songul Ozyurt ◽  
Unal Sahin
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Multinodular Goiter ◽  
Airflow Limitation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Comorbid Condition ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Comorbid Conditions ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Euthyroid Sick Syndrome ◽  
Artery Disease

Introduction. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The disease is characterized by progressive airway inflammation, which not only affects the airways but also has systemic effects that are associated with comorbidities. Although comorbid conditions such as hypertension and coronary artery disease are very well-known in COPD patients, diseases of the thyroid gland have not been sufficiently studied. Therefore, thyroid diseases are not considered among the comorbid conditions of COPD. The purpose of this study was to determine the thyroid gland disease (TGD) prevalence in COPD and associated factors. Materials and Method. The study included 309 (297 (96%) male) patients. The patients were subjected to spirometry and thyroid function tests (TFT) in the stable period. The thyroid gland disease they were diagnosed with was recorded after face-to-face meetings and examining their files. Results. The mean age of the patients who were included in the study was 65.9 ± 9.8 (40-90). Thyroid disease was determined in 68 (22%) individuals. There were hypothyroidism in 7 (2%), euthyroidism in 45 (15%), and hyperthyroidism in 16 (%5) patients. No relationship was found between the severity of airflow limitation and the prevalence of TGD. Conclusion. Thyroid abnormalities are commonly observed in COPD. The most frequently encountered TGDs are euthyroid multinodular goiter, euthyroid sick syndrome (ESS), and toxic multinodular goiter.

Self-management support preferences of people with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative studies

2019 ◽  
pp. 174239531986944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selena O’Connell ◽  
Vera JC McCarthy ◽  
Eileen Savage
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Qualitative Studies ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Management Support ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Behavioural Sciences

Objectives To synthesise findings from qualitative studies on the preferences of people with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) for self-management support. Methods A thematic synthesis of literature was carried out. Six databases (ASSIA, CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Psychology and the Behavioural Sciences and SSCI) were used to search for qualitative studies eliciting perspectives of adults with asthma and/or COPD on self-management support, published between May 2008 and April 2018. Results A total of 968 articles were retrieved across databases, with 15 articles included in the synthesis. Three themes were identified: Types of Support described the range of supports valued by participants in the studies, particularly education provided by competent healthcare professionals; The Support Relationship highlighted the importance of a collaborative relationship with one’s healthcare professional which was characterised by communication, trust and continuity over time and Accessibility identified the considerations of participants relating to physically accessible, prompt support which is provided in a format preferred by the individual. Discussion Increased understanding of patients’ preferences may provide insight which can be used to enhance engagement with self-management support. Further research needs to examine self-management support preferences outside the context of evaluating interventions for people with asthma/COPD and needs to address the optimal means of enhancing accessibility.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Comorbidities in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)—Current Considerations for Clinical Practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederik Trinkmann ◽  
Joachim Saur ◽  
Martin Borggrefe ◽  
Ibrahim Akin
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Comorbidities ◽  
Disease Entities ◽  
Considerable Morbidity ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Shared Risk ◽  
Current Guidelines

In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cardiovascular comorbidities are highly prevalent and associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. This coincidence is increasingly seen in context of a “cardiopulmonary continuum” rather than being simply attributed to shared risk factors such as cigarette smoking. Overlapping symptoms such as dyspnea or chest pain lead to a worse prognosis due to missed concomitant diagnoses. Moreover, medication is often withheld as a result of unfounded concerns about side effects. Despite the frequent coincidence, current guidelines are still mostly restricted to the management of the individual disease. Future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies should therefore be guided by an integrative perspective as well as a refined phenotyping of disease entities.

scholarly journals A Qualitative Interpretation of Challenges Associated with Helping Patients with Multiple Chronic Diseases Identify Their Goals

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline Boeckxstaens ◽  
Sara Willems ◽  
Mieke Lanssens ◽  
Charlotte Decuypere ◽  
Guy Brusselle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Personal Goals ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Clinical Method ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Multiple Chronic Diseases

Background Patients with multiple chronic diseases are usually treated according to disease-specific guidelines, with outcome measurements focusing mostly on biomedical indicators (e.g. blood sugar levels or lung function). However, for multimorbidity, a goal-oriented approach focusing on the goals defined by the individual patient, may be more suitable. Despite the clear theoretical and conceptual advantages of including patient-defined goals in clinical decision-making for multimorbidity, it is not clear how patients define their goals and which aspects play a role in the process of defining them. Objective To explore goal-setting in patients with multimorbidity. Design Qualitative analysis of interviews with 19 patients diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and comorbidities. Results Patients do not naturally present their goals. Their goals are difficult to elicit, even when different interviewing techniques are used. Four underlying hypotheses which may explain this finding were identified from the interviews: (1) patients cannot identify with the concept of goal-setting; (2) goal-setting is reduced due to acceptation; (3) actual stressors predominate over personal goal-setting; and (4) patients may consider personal goals as selfish. Conclusions Our findings advocate for specific attention to provider skills and strategies that help patients identify their personal goals. The hypotheses on why patients may struggle with defining goals may be useful to prompt patients in this process and support the development of a clinical method for goal-oriented care.

scholarly journals Structural basis for spectrin recognition by ankyrin

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 115 (20) ◽  
pp. 4093-4101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan J. Ipsaro ◽  
Alfonso Mondragón
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Proteins ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Adaptor Protein ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Spectrin Repeats

Maintenance of membrane integrity and organization in the metazoan cell is accomplished through intracellular tethering of membrane proteins to an extensive, flexible protein network. Spectrin, the principal component of this network, is anchored to membrane proteins through the adaptor protein ankyrin. To elucidate the atomic basis for this interaction, we determined a crystal structure of human βI-spectrin repeats 13 to 15 in complex with the ZU5-ANK domain of human ankyrin R. The structure reveals the role of repeats 14 to 15 in binding, the electrostatic and hydrophobic contributions along the interface, and the necessity for a particular orientation of the spectrin repeats. Using structural and biochemical data as a guide, we characterized the individual proteins and their interactions by binding and thermal stability analyses. In addition to validating the structural model, these data provide insight into the nature of some mutations associated with cell morphology defects, including those found in human diseases such as hereditary spherocytosis and elliptocytosis. Finally, analysis of the ZU5 domain suggests it is a versatile protein-protein interaction module with distinct interaction surfaces. The structure represents not only the first of a spectrin fragment in complex with its binding partner, but also that of an intermolecular complex involving a ZU5 domain.

scholarly journals Is There an Association between Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression and Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease?

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verônica F Parreira ◽  
Renata N Kirkwood ◽  
Megan Towns ◽  
Isabel Aganon ◽  
Lauren Barrett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

BACKGROUND: In addition to symptoms, such as dyspnea and fatigue, patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) also experience mood disturbances.OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationships between health-related quality of life measures collected from patients with stable COPD and a commonly used measure of depression and anxiety.METHODS: The present analysis was a retrospective study of patients with COPD enrolled in a pulmonary rehabilitation program. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire (CRQ), Medical Research Council dyspnea scale and 6 min walk test data were collected. Statistical analyses were performed using Spearman’s correlations, and categorical regression and categorical principal component analysis were interpreted using the biplot methodology.RESULTS: HADS anxiety scores retrieved from 80 patients were grouped as ‘no anxiety’ (n=43 [54%]), ‘probable anxiety’ (n=21 [26%]) and ‘presence of anxiety’ (n=16 [20%]). HADS depression scores were similarly grouped. There was a moderate relationship between the anxiety subscale of the HADS and both the emotional function (r=−0.519; P<0.01) and mastery (r=−0.553; P<0.01) domains of the CRQ. Categorical regression showed that the CRQ-mastery domain explained 40% of the total variation in anxiety. A principal component analysis biplot showed that the highest distance between the groups was along the mastery domain, which separated patients without feelings of anxiety from those with anxiety. However, none of the CRQ domains were able to discriminate the three depression groups.CONCLUSIONS: The CRQ-mastery domain may identify symptoms of anxiety in patients with COPD; however, the relationship is not strong enough to use the CRQ-mastery domain as a surrogate measure. None of the CRQ domains were able to discriminate the three depression groups (no depression, probable and presence); therefore, specific, validated tools to identify symptoms of depression should be used.

scholarly journals Application of Pharmacogenomics and Bioinformatics to Exemplify the Utility of Human ex vivo Organoculture Models in the Field of Precision Medicine

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Cowan ◽  
G Macluskie ◽  
M Finch ◽  
C.N.A Palmer ◽  
J Hair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Drug Response ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Drug Efficacy ◽  
Test System ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Patient Responses ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Drug Responsiveness

AbstractHere we describe a collaboration between industry, the National Health Service (NHS) and academia that sought to demonstrate how early understanding of both pharmacology and genomics can improve strategies for the development of precision medicines. Diseased tissue ethically acquired from patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), was used to investigate inter-patient variability in drug efficacy using ex vivo organocultures of fresh lung tissue as the test system. The reduction in inflammatory cytokines in the presence of various test drugs was used as the measure of drug efficacy and the individual patient responses were then matched against genotype and microRNA profiles in an attempt to identify unique predictors of drug responsiveness. Our findings suggest that genetic variation in CYP2E1 and SMAD3 genes may partly explain the observed variation in drug response.

scholarly journals Readmission within three months after inpatient geriatric care—Incidence, diagnosis and associated factors in a Swedish cohort

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248972
Author(s):  
Carl Willers ◽  
Anne-Marie Boström ◽  
Lennart Carlsson ◽  
Anton Lager ◽  
Rikard Lindqvist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Inpatient Care ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Geriatric Care ◽  
Care Process ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Main Diagnosis ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
The Individual

Introduction Readmissions are very costly, in monetary terms but also for the individual patient’s safety and health. Only by understanding the reasons and drivers of readmissions, it is possible to ensure quality of care and improve the situation. The aim of this study was to assess inpatient readmissions during the first three months after discharge from geriatric inpatient care regarding main diagnosis and frequency of readmission. Furthermore, the aim was to analyze association between readmission and patient characteristics including demography and socioeconomics, morbidity, physical function, risk screening and care process respectively. Methods The study includes all individuals admitted for inpatient care at three geriatric departments operated by the Stockholm region during 2016. Readmission after discharge was studied within three different time intervals; readmission within 10 days after discharge, within 11–30 days and within 31–90 days, respectively. Main diagnosis at readmission was assessed. Results One fourth of the individuals discharged from inpatient geriatric care was readmitted during the first three months after discharge. The most common main diagnoses for readmission were heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pneumonia. Statistically significant risk factors for readmission included age, sex, number of diagnoses at discharge, and to some extent polypharmacy and destination of discharge. Conclusions Several clinical risk factors relating to physical performance and vulnerability were associated with risk of readmission. Socioeconomic information did not add to the predictability. To enable reductions in readmission rates, proactive monitoring of frail individuals afflicted with chronic conditions is necessary, and an integrated perspective including all stakeholders involved is crucial.

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