Epidemiological impact of hepatitis B vaccination (Monastir_ Tunisia ; 2000-17)

AbstractBackground: In 2016, the first global health sector strategy on viral hepatitis was endorsed with the goal of eliminating viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030. In Tunisia, effective vaccines for hepatitis B (HBV) have been added to the expanded programme of immunization (EPI) since July 1995 for new borns. We expected to have a decreasing trend in the prevalence rate of reported HBV. Our study aimed to address the epidemiological profile of HBV, to assess trends by age and gender in Monastir governorate over a period of 18 years according to immunization status and to estimate the burden (years lived with disability YLDs) of this pathology. Methods: We performed a descriptive cross sectional study of declared HBV from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2017 defined as having positive serologic markers for HBs Ag. All declared patients were residents of Monastir’s Governorate. EPI included two periods, the first between 1995 and 2006 following a three-dose schedule (3, 4, 9 months). The second PI cohort after 2006 following a three-dose schedule (0, 2, 6 months). Results: During 18 years, 1526 cases of HBV were declared in Monastir with a mean of 85 cases per year. We estimated a mean of 1699 declared cases per year of HBV in Tunisia. CPR was 16.85/100,000 inh being the higher in age group of 20-39 years and in men .ASR was 15.99/100,000 inh, being 35.5 in men and 8.69 in women. During the study period, declared cases among presumed immunized (PI) person against HBV were 32(2.0%). Among PI cases, 29 were from the first period and 3 were from the second. We established a negative trend over 18 years of hepatitis B. The age group of 20 to 39 was the most common with a sharply decline. Presumed not immunized (PNI) HBV cases are decreasing by years with a prediction of 35 cases in 2024. Reported HBV contributed to 1.26 YLDs per 100,000 inh. The highest rate of YLDs occurred at the age 20-39 (2.73 YLDs per 100,000 inh). During 18 years, YLDs were 114.45 in Monastir with a mean of 2293.65 YLDs of HBV in Tunisia. Conclusion, this study showed a law prevalence rate and a decreasing trend of HBV during 18 years showing an efficacy of immunization and confirming that the universal hepatitis B vaccination in Tunisia has resulted in progress towards the prevention and control of hepatitis B infection. These findings should be demonstrated in other Tunisian regions with a standardized serological profile.

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Hepatitis B Vaccination in Senegalese Children: Coverage, Timeliness, and Sociodemographic Determinants of Non-Adherence to Immunisation Schedules (ANRS 12356 AmBASS Survey)

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines9050510 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 510

Author(s):

Lauren Périères ◽

Fabienne Marcellin ◽

Gora Lo ◽

Camelia Protopopescu ◽

El Ba ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Dose Schedule ◽

World Health Organisation ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

World Health ◽

Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽

Detailed Knowledge ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hbv Vaccination

Detailed knowledge about hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination coverage and timeliness for sub-Saharan Africa is scarce. We used data from a community-based cross-sectional survey conducted in 2018–2019 in the area of Niakhar, Senegal, to estimate coverage, timeliness, and factors associated with non-adherence to the World Health Organisation-recommended vaccination schedules in children born in 2016 (year of the birth dose (BD) introduction in Senegal) and 2017–2018. Vaccination status was assessed from vaccination cards, surveillance data, and healthcare post vaccination records. Among 241 children with available data, for 2016 and 2017–2018, respectively, 31.0% and 66.8% received the BD within 24 h of birth (BD schedule), and 24.3% and 53.7% received the BD plus at least two pentavalent vaccine doses within the recommended timeframes (three-dose schedule). In logistic regression models, home birth, dry season birth, and birth in 2016 were all associated with non-adherence to the recommended BD and three-dose schedules. Living over three kilometres from the nearest healthcare post, being the firstborn, and living in an agriculturally poorer household were only associated with non-adherence to the three-dose schedule. The substantial proportion of children not vaccinated according to recommended schedules highlights the importance of considering vaccination timeliness when evaluating vaccination programme effectiveness. Outreach vaccination activities and incentives to bring children born at home to healthcare facilities within 24 h of birth, must be strengthened to improve timely HBV vaccination.

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Knowledge about blood-borne pathogens and the prevalence of needle stick injuries among medical students in Serbia

Slovenian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1515/sjph-2017-0024 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 56 (3) ◽

pp. 179-184 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Vuk Marusic ◽

Ljiljana Markovic-Denic ◽

Olivera Djuric ◽

Dragana Protic ◽

Emilija Dubljanin-Raspopovic

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Disease Transmission ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Needle Stick ◽

Sharp Object ◽

Needle Stick Injuries ◽

Needle Sticks

AbstractIntroductionMedical students are mainly exposed to needle stick and sharp object injuries in the course of their clinical activities during studying. They are at high risk due to their undeveloped skills, restricted clinical experience, lack of knowledge and risk perception. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of needle stick injuries of the fourth and final year medical students, and to estimate their knowledge about blood-borne pathogens disease transmission and standard precautions.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted at the Faculty of Medicine, in February 2014. The students were invited to self-administer a questionnaire of 26 closed questions prepared for this study.ResultsThe questionnaire was filled in and returned by 637 students. The prevalence of needle sticks and sharp object injuries was 29.5%. Needle stick injuries were the most common type of accidents, more frequent among the fourth compared to the sixth year students (p=0.002). The majority of accidents occurred in patient rooms (53%) and the emergency department (15%). 54% of participants reported an accident to the responsible person. Students without accidents had a significantly better perception of risk (3.79 vs. 3.35; p<0.05). Out of the total participating students, only 16.6% (106/637) received all three doses of Hepatitis B vaccination, while 16.2% were partially vaccinated.ConclusionsThere is a need for additional theoretical and practical education of our students on blood exposure via accidents, raising the awareness of the necessity of hepatitis B vaccination, and introducing the unique/comprehensive procedure for accident reporting for students and healthcare workers in the entire country.

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Hepatitis B vaccination uptake in hard-to-reach populations in London: a cross-sectional study

BMC Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1186/s12879-019-3926-2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Josephine E. B. Taylor ◽

Julian Surey ◽

Jennifer MacLellan ◽

Marie Francis ◽

Ibrahim Abubakar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Vaccination Uptake ◽

Hard To Reach Populations

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Hepatitis B vaccination coverage in patients with diabetes mellitus

Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP ◽

10.1590/s0080-623420160000200011 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 255-262 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Clarissa Cordeiro Alves Arrelias ◽

Fernando Bellissimo-Rodrigues ◽

Letícia Cristina Lourenço de Lima ◽

Anderson Soares da Silva ◽

Nereida Kilza da Costa Lima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Vaccination Coverage ◽

Educational Level ◽

Health Department ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Patients With Diabetes

Abstract OBJECTIVE Analyze the factors associated with full hepatitis B vaccination (three doses) in patients with diabetes mellitus. METHOD Cross-sectional study, conducted in a health unit in a city in the state of São Paulo, with 255 patients on outpatient follow-up, in 2014. Data were obtained from the computerized system of the Municipal Health Department and via a structured questionnaire. A logistic regression model was used for analysis. RESULTS Full hepatitis B vaccination was noted in 13.7% of the patients and shown to be directly associated with their educational level (OR=1.30; CI: 1.07-1.57) and current or previous work as a health professional (OR=3.21; CI: 1.16-8.89). CONCLUSION Hepatitis B vaccination coverage was found to be low in patients with diabetes mellitus, indicating their vulnerability to this serious and potentially fatal disease. Higher educational level and working in the field of health were associated with better vaccination coverage.

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PREVALENCE OF HBV, HCV AND HIV IN BLOOD DONORS AT LIAQUETPUR

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2006.13.01.5050 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 13 (01) ◽

pp. 23-26

Author(s):

MUHAMMAD AYUB KHAN ◽

Muhammad Ashraf ◽

ABDUL REHMAN ◽

Azam Ali ◽

MUHAMMAD ASHRAF ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis C ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Age Group ◽

Total Blood ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Transfusion Center ◽

Blood Transfusion Center ◽

Study Setting

Objective: To know the prevalence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV.Design: Observational cross sectional study. Setting: Blood Transfusion Center Tehsil Headquarter HospitalLiaquetpur. Subjects and Methods: The data of blood donors from 2001 to 2003. Results: Total blood donors studiedwere 1426. The prevalence for hepatitis B was 5.96% (CL 4.84%-7.32%) It was 0.07% (CL <0.01% - 0.44%) for HCVand zero for HIV. The prevalence of HBV in males was 6.03% (CL 4.87%-7.45%) while 5.05% (CL 1.91%-11.63%) infemales (p=0. 6917). The prevalence in 17-20 years age group was 6.4% (CL 3.92%-10.23%), 5.81% (CL 4.6%-7.33%)in 21-40 years age group and in 41-60 years age group it was 4.35% (CL 1.33%-28.19%) [p=0.9029]. Conclusion:Hepatitis B is common, hepatitis C is an uncommon health problem while HIV is not present in this area.

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Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C among Blood Donors at Dharan, Sunsari, Nepal

Sunsari Technical College Journal ◽

10.3126/stcj.v2i1.14791 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 13-16

Author(s):

Sabina Rai ◽

Pranita Dongol ◽

Hemanta Khanal

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis C ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Technical College ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Age Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Donated Blood

Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C are the chronic viral infection that might be transmitted by blood transfusion. Nepal is known to have lowest seroprevalence in Asia. The main objective of the present study is to find out the prevalence of hepatitis B and Hepatitis C and their co-infection among blood donors during study period from March to August 2014. This was a cross sectional study among volunteer blood donors in Dharan who had donated the Blood. A total of 4930 donated blood samples were collected and screened for hepatitis B and hepatitis C by using a rapid enzyme immunoassay (EIA) technique. Among 4930 blood samples under study, the overall seroprevalence of hepatitis B were 0.22% (11 out of 4930) and hepatitis C were 0.39% (19 out of 4930) (P value = 0.01) and the prevalence being lower in females than males for both cases. Hepatitis B were more in age group of 21 -30 (0.4%) but hepatitis C in age group of 31-40 (0.5%). Hepatitis B and C are potential threats to be transmitted from unscreened blood.Sunsari Technical College Journal 2015, 2(1):13-16

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PRE-OPERATIVE SURGICAL PATIENTS;

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2017.24.08.1001 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (08) ◽

pp. 1120-1125

Author(s):

Muhammad Umer ◽

Ferhat Abbas ◽

Muhammad Shafee ◽

Abdul Rauf ◽

Najeebullah - ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Population ◽

Surgical Department ◽

Knowledge And Attitudes ◽

Hbs Ag ◽

Demographical Data ◽

Device Test

Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate sero-prevalence of HBs Ag(Hepatitis-B surface antigen), its knowledge and attitudes in preoperative general surgerypatients in Quetta, Pakistan. Study Design: A cross-sectional study. Place and Duration ofStudy: This study was carried out (April - September, 2016) and was screened in BalochistanLab Brewery Road, Quetta. Methodology: 1000 preoperative patients from four ethnic groupspredominantly present in surgical department of multiple hospitals of Quetta. Serum wassubjected to chromatography immunoassay (ICT) and samples were reconfirmed throughEnzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Demographical data, knowledge and attitudes werealso collected using valid predesigned questionnaire. Results : Overall, prevalence 7.0% wereobserved with highest in Baloch population, 10.3 %, followed by Hazara community, 8.0 %,While Pashtoon were with 5.7 % and Panjabi population with 2.3 %. Statistically non-significantdifference was observed in males and female population (P < 0.05). 03 of the patients werefalse negative with ICT when reconfirmed by ELISA. Overall, population show poor knowledgeand attitudes in preoperative surgery patients toward Hepatitis B infection. Conclusion: TheHBs Ag determination using rapid Immunochromatography device test should only be used formass scale screening and results may be verified with ELISA to eliminate the chances of falsenegative cases.

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Social and obstetric inequalities and vaccination in pregnant women

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/0034-7167-2019-0099 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 73 (suppl 4) ◽

Author(s):

Sara de Carvalho Oliveira ◽

Thales Philipe Rodrigues da Silva ◽

Gustavo Velásquez-Melendez ◽

Larissa Loures Mendes ◽

Eunice Francisca Martins ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Skin Color ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽

Paid Work ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Job Market ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Independent Variables

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the association of socioeconomic level and obstetric characteristics with vaccine registration of pregnant women. Methods: cross-sectional study, performed with 480 women in puerperal. Vaccination of pregnant women was considered a dependent variable and as independent variables were age, skin color, education, steady union, paid work, and number of prenatal consultations. Association between variables was verified by the Poisson’s regression model. Results: from 480 pregnant women’s health cards, 10.63% had information on hepatitis B vaccination; 31.46% for tetanus; and 90% of the health cards had not register for influenza. There was an association of paid work and number of prenatal consultations with hepatitis B vaccination. Conclusions: lower percentages in absence of vaccination occurred in women who were in the job market and had a higher number of prenatal consultations. This suggests that socioeconomic inequalities may interfere with the vaccination of pregnant women in health services.

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Knowledge, Preference, and Willingness to Pay for Hepatitis B Vaccination Services among Woman of Reproductive Age in Vietnam

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2019/9154918 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Anh Tuan Le Nguyen ◽

Xuan Thanh Thi Le ◽

Toan Thanh Thi Do ◽

Cuong Tat Nguyen ◽

Long Hoang Nguyen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Willingness To Pay ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽

Critical Approach ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hbv Vaccine ◽

Number Of Children ◽

Hbv Vaccination

Background. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine is a critical approach to prevent HBV transmission from mother to child. However, despite high HBV prevalence, evidence about the preference of women of productive age for HBV vaccine in Vietnam was constrained. This study aims to explore the preference and willingness to pay (WTP) for the HBV vaccine in Vietnamese women in productive age. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Hanoi in April 2016. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information about respondents’ socioeconomic status and knowledge about HBV vaccination. A contingent valuation approach was employed to measure the WTP for the HBV vaccine. Logistic and interval regressions were used to determine the associated factors. Results. Among 807 women, 80.8% were willing to have the vaccine injected which had the average price of 108,600 VND (95% CI, 97,580 VND–119,570 VND). Participants not suffering any diseases during pregnancy were more likely to be willing to pay for the HBV vaccine (OR = 3.41, 95% CI = 1.73–6.70). Not having the antenatal examination at central hospitals and working as farmers/workers were positively correlated with willingness to pay for this vaccine, while the number of children of respondents had a negative correlation with WTP. Conclusions. Our sampled women expressed a high willingness to pay for the vaccine. The price people were willing to pay for the vaccine, however, is equal to half of the actual price. These findings implied needs for better targeted public education interventions about HBV and the involvement of local medical staffs and the media in providing information. Efforts to reduce the price of the vaccine should also be warranted for scaling-up the coverage of this vaccine.

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