Hepatitis B Vaccination in Senegalese Children: Coverage, Timeliness, and Sociodemographic Determinants of Non-Adherence to Immunisation Schedules (ANRS 12356 AmBASS Survey)

Detailed knowledge about hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination coverage and timeliness for sub-Saharan Africa is scarce. We used data from a community-based cross-sectional survey conducted in 2018–2019 in the area of Niakhar, Senegal, to estimate coverage, timeliness, and factors associated with non-adherence to the World Health Organisation-recommended vaccination schedules in children born in 2016 (year of the birth dose (BD) introduction in Senegal) and 2017–2018. Vaccination status was assessed from vaccination cards, surveillance data, and healthcare post vaccination records. Among 241 children with available data, for 2016 and 2017–2018, respectively, 31.0% and 66.8% received the BD within 24 h of birth (BD schedule), and 24.3% and 53.7% received the BD plus at least two pentavalent vaccine doses within the recommended timeframes (three-dose schedule). In logistic regression models, home birth, dry season birth, and birth in 2016 were all associated with non-adherence to the recommended BD and three-dose schedules. Living over three kilometres from the nearest healthcare post, being the firstborn, and living in an agriculturally poorer household were only associated with non-adherence to the three-dose schedule. The substantial proportion of children not vaccinated according to recommended schedules highlights the importance of considering vaccination timeliness when evaluating vaccination programme effectiveness. Outreach vaccination activities and incentives to bring children born at home to healthcare facilities within 24 h of birth, must be strengthened to improve timely HBV vaccination.

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Hepatitis D virus infection in the Western Brazilian Amazon - far from a vanishing disease

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical ◽

10.1590/s0037-86822012000600007 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 45 (6) ◽

pp. 691-695 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Wornei Silva Miranda Braga ◽

Márcia da Costa Castilho ◽

Fabiane Giovanella Borges ◽

Jorge Roberto Di Tommaso Leão ◽

Ana Cristina de Souza Martinho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Amazon Basin ◽

Brazilian Amazon ◽

Hbv Infection ◽

Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hepatitis D ◽

Hepatitis D Virus ◽

Hbv Vaccination

INTRODUCTION: A decline in hepatitis D virus (HDV) occurrence was described in Europe and Asia. We estimated HDV prevalence in the Brazilian Amazon following hepatitis B vaccination. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional survey of HDV measured by total antibodies to HDV (anti-HD T). RESULTS: HDV prevalence was 41.9% whiting HBsAg carries and was associated with age (PR = 1.96; 95% CI 1.12-3.42; p = 0.01), hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (PR = 4.38; 95% CI 3.12-6.13; p < 0.001), and clinical hepatitis (PR =1.44; 95% CI 1.03-2.00; p = 0.03). Risk factors were related to HDV biology, clinical or demographic aspects such as underlying HBV infection, clinical hepatitis and age. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated that HDV infection continues to be an important health issue in the Brazilian Amazon and that the implementation of the HBV vaccination in rural Lábrea had little or no impact on the spread of HDV. This shows that HDV has not yet disappeared from HBV hyperendemic areas and reminding that it is far from being a vanishing disease in the Amazon basin.

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Epidemiological impact of hepatitis B vaccination (Monastir_ Tunisia ; 2000-17)

10.1101/385880 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Wafa Dhouib ◽

Meriem Kacem ◽

Grira Samia ◽

Issam Maalel ◽

Imen Zemni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Viral Hepatitis ◽

Prevalence Rate ◽

Health Sector ◽

Dose Schedule ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽

Age Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hbs Ag

AbstractBackground: In 2016, the first global health sector strategy on viral hepatitis was endorsed with the goal of eliminating viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030. In Tunisia, effective vaccines for hepatitis B (HBV) have been added to the expanded programme of immunization (EPI) since July 1995 for new borns. We expected to have a decreasing trend in the prevalence rate of reported HBV. Our study aimed to address the epidemiological profile of HBV, to assess trends by age and gender in Monastir governorate over a period of 18 years according to immunization status and to estimate the burden (years lived with disability YLDs) of this pathology. Methods: We performed a descriptive cross sectional study of declared HBV from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2017 defined as having positive serologic markers for HBs Ag. All declared patients were residents of Monastir’s Governorate. EPI included two periods, the first between 1995 and 2006 following a three-dose schedule (3, 4, 9 months). The second PI cohort after 2006 following a three-dose schedule (0, 2, 6 months). Results: During 18 years, 1526 cases of HBV were declared in Monastir with a mean of 85 cases per year. We estimated a mean of 1699 declared cases per year of HBV in Tunisia. CPR was 16.85/100,000 inh being the higher in age group of 20-39 years and in men .ASR was 15.99/100,000 inh, being 35.5 in men and 8.69 in women. During the study period, declared cases among presumed immunized (PI) person against HBV were 32(2.0%). Among PI cases, 29 were from the first period and 3 were from the second. We established a negative trend over 18 years of hepatitis B. The age group of 20 to 39 was the most common with a sharply decline. Presumed not immunized (PNI) HBV cases are decreasing by years with a prediction of 35 cases in 2024. Reported HBV contributed to 1.26 YLDs per 100,000 inh. The highest rate of YLDs occurred at the age 20-39 (2.73 YLDs per 100,000 inh). During 18 years, YLDs were 114.45 in Monastir with a mean of 2293.65 YLDs of HBV in Tunisia. Conclusion, this study showed a law prevalence rate and a decreasing trend of HBV during 18 years showing an efficacy of immunization and confirming that the universal hepatitis B vaccination in Tunisia has resulted in progress towards the prevention and control of hepatitis B infection. These findings should be demonstrated in other Tunisian regions with a standardized serological profile.

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Knowledge, Preference, and Willingness to Pay for Hepatitis B Vaccination Services among Woman of Reproductive Age in Vietnam

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2019/9154918 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Anh Tuan Le Nguyen ◽

Xuan Thanh Thi Le ◽

Toan Thanh Thi Do ◽

Cuong Tat Nguyen ◽

Long Hoang Nguyen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Willingness To Pay ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽

Critical Approach ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hbv Vaccine ◽

Number Of Children ◽

Hbv Vaccination

Background. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine is a critical approach to prevent HBV transmission from mother to child. However, despite high HBV prevalence, evidence about the preference of women of productive age for HBV vaccine in Vietnam was constrained. This study aims to explore the preference and willingness to pay (WTP) for the HBV vaccine in Vietnamese women in productive age. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Hanoi in April 2016. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information about respondents’ socioeconomic status and knowledge about HBV vaccination. A contingent valuation approach was employed to measure the WTP for the HBV vaccine. Logistic and interval regressions were used to determine the associated factors. Results. Among 807 women, 80.8% were willing to have the vaccine injected which had the average price of 108,600 VND (95% CI, 97,580 VND–119,570 VND). Participants not suffering any diseases during pregnancy were more likely to be willing to pay for the HBV vaccine (OR = 3.41, 95% CI = 1.73–6.70). Not having the antenatal examination at central hospitals and working as farmers/workers were positively correlated with willingness to pay for this vaccine, while the number of children of respondents had a negative correlation with WTP. Conclusions. Our sampled women expressed a high willingness to pay for the vaccine. The price people were willing to pay for the vaccine, however, is equal to half of the actual price. These findings implied needs for better targeted public education interventions about HBV and the involvement of local medical staffs and the media in providing information. Efforts to reduce the price of the vaccine should also be warranted for scaling-up the coverage of this vaccine.

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Study on Status and Willingness towards Hepatitis B Vaccination among Migrant Workers in Chongqing, China: A Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16204046 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (20) ◽

pp. 4046

Author(s):

Hui Xiang ◽

Xiaojun Tang ◽

Meng Xiao ◽

Lin Gan ◽

Kun Chu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Risk Perception ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Migrant Workers ◽

Hbv Infection ◽

Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hb Vaccine

Background: Rural-to-urban migrant workers may serve as a bridge population for the cross-regional spread of hepatitis B vaccination (HBV) due to frequent shifts between their work areas and homelands, and they are less likely to be covered by the national hepatitis B (HB) immunization program. This study aimed to investigate the current inoculation status of HB vaccine among migrant workers and the willingness to be vaccinated among non-vaccinated ones. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey using anonymous interviews with migrant workers selected by two-stage cluster sampling from July to December 2018. Binary logistic regression models were adopted to detect influencing factors associated with HB inoculation status and vaccination willingness. Results: 1574 respondents were recruited in the surveys, and 773 (49.11%) respondents reported that they had been inoculated with HB vaccine. Only 285 (35.58%) non-vaccinated respondents were willing to be inoculated. Logistic regression indicated that younger age, higher education level, less wearing of condoms, higher knowledge scores of HB, and higher risk perception of HBV infection were positively associated with inoculation of HB vaccine. Respondents who were more highly educated, and drinkers, with higher knowledge scores of HB and with higher risk perception of HBV infection were more willing to be vaccinated. Conclusions: the HB vaccination rate of migrant workers in Chongqing was relatively low and only a small section of non-vaccinated migrant workers had vaccination willingness. Health interventions and policies are needed to improve knowledge and cognition of HB among migrant workers, particularly for those who are older, less educated, poor in HB knowledge, less likely to wear condoms, and non-drinkers. Peer education, as well as the combination of traditional and new media, would be accessible and effective ways to disseminate HB related knowledge for migrant workers.

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Hepatitis B and Asymptomatic Malaria Infection among Pregnant Women in a Semiurban Community of North-Central Nigeria

Journal of Environmental and Public Health ◽

10.1155/2021/9996885 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Cornelius Arome Omatola ◽

Martin-Luther Oseni Okolo

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Blood Donation ◽

Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Bed Nets ◽

Asymptomatic Malaria ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hbv Vaccination ◽

History Of

Background. The overlap of malaria and Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infections present a major threat to public health throughout endemic countries of tropical and sub-Saharan Africa. There is a paucity of data on the prevalence and associated factors of malaria and HBV infections among pregnant women in Ejule, a semiurban area of Nigeria. Therefore, the current study was designed to assess the seroprevalence of malaria and HBV among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Ejule Metropolis. Materials and Methods. In a hospital-based cross-sectional study, blood samples collected from 200 apparently healthy pregnant women at the Ilemona Clinic were screened for Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) and HBsAg using histidine-rich protein 2 (HRP2) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), respectively. Relevant sociodemographic and putative risk factor information was obtained with structured questionnaires. Results. The prevalence of the infections was 44 (22%), 5 (2.5%), and 1 (0.5%) for P. falciparum monoinfection and HBV monoinfection and coinfection, respectively. Single and concurrent infections peaked at ages 31–40 years but decreased with older ages. High P. falciparum, 31 (59.62%), and HBV 2 (3.85%) infection were observed among those without formal education. Contrary to ages, occupation, and knowledge of infection, malaria parasitemia differed significantly with lower educational qualification ( p ≤ 0.001 ), being single ( p = 0.001 ), and inconsistent use of insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) ( p = 0.04 , OR = 5, CI: 0.10–0.47). History of blood donation (OR = 5, p = 0.04 , CI: 1.10–32.80) and multiple sex partners (OR = 11.9, p = 0.01 , CI: 0.01–0.93) were found to be significantly associated with hepatitis B surface antigenemia rate during pregnancy. No evidence of HBV infection was observed in women with a history of HBV vaccination. Conclusions. Malaria is still highly prevalent among pregnant women due to high illiteracy and noncompliance to using ITNs. Therefore, routine screening and educating pregnant mothers are crucial in eliminating malaria in endemic settings. The low rate of hepatitis B and coinfection with malaria shows that further improvement in HBV vaccination could considerably reduce the disease burden among pregnant women.

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Awareness and accessibility of Hepatitis B vaccination among undergraduate clinical students of a tertiary institution in South Eastern Nigeria

10.30574/msarr.2021.2.2.0051 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 070-079

Author(s):

Anselem Obioma Inya ◽

Onyeka Chukwudalu Ekwebene ◽

Chukwuanugo N Ogbuagu ◽

Chioma Phyllis Nnamani ◽

Chioma Favour Ekwebene

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Unprotected Sex ◽

Health Science ◽

Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽

Tertiary Institution ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hbv Vaccination ◽

Level Of Knowledge ◽

Good Policy ◽

High Level

Hepatitis B virus Infection is a chronic Infection with increasing incidence and worldwide prevalence. It is a leading cause of liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma. Healthcare personal, chronic blood transfusion, unprotected sex, etc are some major risk factor of contracting the disease. It can be prevented by vaccination. This study was carried out among undergraduate Clinical students of college of Health Science, Nnamdi Azikiwe University (CHS-NAU), Nnewi it was a cross-sectional descriptive study using the convenience sampling method. Pretested self-administered questionnaires were distributed and the data analyzed using the statistical package for social science (SPSS) Version 20.0. A total of 178 questionnaires were distributed with a response rate of 100% (178). The study showed a high level of knowledge of HBV vaccination and consider attitude towards the need for vaccination but poor compliance to update due to busy schedule, cost, and level of study. HBV vaccination is low among the students of a CHS-NAU as in other parts of Nigeria and Africa with similar reasons. Good Policy enactment and implementation can help bridge the gap between the awareness, attitude and accessibility of vaccine.

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Hepatitis B Vaccination Coverage Rates and Associated Factors: A Community-Based, Cross-Sectional Study Conducted in Beijing, 2019–2020

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines9101070 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 1070

Author(s):

Yan Liang ◽

Xinxin Bai ◽

Xinyao Liu ◽

Zheng Zhang ◽

Xinghuo Pang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Vaccination Coverage ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽

Coverage Rates

Hepatitis B vaccination coverage rates are low throughout most populations in China. Factors influencing low coverage rates, including population-specific hepatitis B vaccination barriers, may inform policies that promote vaccination. A cross-sectional survey of residents from 43 communities assessed their vaccination status and identified associated factors via uni- and multivariable logistic regression and subgroup analyses. In total, 11,280 of 36,007 respondents received a hepatitis B vaccine, indicating a 31.33% coverage rate. Multivariable logistic regression revealed non-Beijing (odds ratio (OR) = 0.81; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.76–0.85) and residents who self-rated their health as very healthy (OR = 0.82; 95% CI: 0.68–0.99) were unlikely to be vaccinated. Farmers (OR = 1.68; 95% CI: 1.51–1.86), commerce and service workers (OR = 1.82; 95% CI, 1.63–2.04), government employees (OR = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.38–1.77), professionals and technicians (OR = 1.85; 95% CI: 1.63–2.09), and students (OR = 1.69; 95% CI: 1.10–2.59) had increased hepatitis B vaccination rates. The multivariable assessment revealed hepatitis B vaccination coverage rates are associated with confirmed or suspected family cases, vaccination unwillingness or uncertainty, and unawareness of its prevention of the hepatitis B virus. Low hepatitis B vaccination coverage rates among Beijing subpopulations highlight the need for improved strategies, including those that target specific populations.

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Knowledge, Attitude and Awareness on Effect of Air Pollution on Children among Parents

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i47b33134 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 347-354

Author(s):

B. Ashwin Krishna ◽

R. Gayatri Devi ◽

A. Jothi Priya

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

World Health Organisation ◽

World Health ◽

Survey Study ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The People ◽

Chi Square Test

Introduction: The World Health Organisation [WHO] recommended that breathing clean air reduces the risk of diseases such as Asthma and Lung cancer. Inhaling low quality of air causes several health problems such as headaches, nausea and tiredness. The main aim of this study is to create awareness among parents about the effect of air pollution on children. Materials and Methods: This is a cross sectional survey study. The standard questionnaire was prepared and distributed as Google forms to nearly 100-120 parents. The population was randomly selected. A self-administered structured questionnaire was prepared based on Knowledge attitude and awareness on effects of air pollution on children among parents. It was circulated to participants through an online platform (google forms). The statistics were done using SPSS software, chi square test was used to check the association and P value of 0.05% was said to be statistically significant. Results: 78.53% of the populations were aware that air pollution affects cognitive ability. 50.98% of the population responded that exposure of polluted air to pregnant female’s cause’s premature birth. 45.28% of females were aware that air pollution affects neutron development in the brain. As a result of this study most of the parents were aware about air pollution and its effects on their children. Conclusion: In this study females were slightly more aware about air pollution than males. If this awareness persists among all the people in the society many harmful effects such as air pollution and other related problems can be solved.

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Awareness of Hepatitis B Vaccination in Rural Area: A Survey

Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research ◽

10.3329/jcamr.v1i1.19558 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 3-7

Author(s):

Kamrun Nahar Sweety ◽

Shamim Akther Mimi

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Rural Area ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hbv Infection ◽

Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hbv Vaccination ◽

B Virus ◽

Almost All

Background: The awareness regarding Hepatitis B vaccination is necessary in the general population of Bangladesh.Objective: This study was carried out to determine the level of knowledge and the vaccination coverage of hepatitis B virus in rural population.Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted at Bangladesh Institute of Administration and Management (BIAM), Dhaka, Bangladesh from February 2011 to April 2011. Sirajdikhan upazila of Munshiganj District was taken as a study place. All the villagers with an age group of 15 to 55 years were taken as study population. Result: A total number of 30 respondents were recruited of which male (60.0%) is predominant than female (40.0%). The mean age with SD was 23±7.256 years (range 15-53 years). Majority has told about the knowledge regarding the sequel of hepatitis B virus infection (33.3%). Almost all respondents (96.7%) are unknown about the treatment of HBV infection. Majority (76.7%) are unknown regarding taking HBV vaccination. Nobody has given positive answer in response to take vaccine. Conclusion: In conclusion information and knowledge regarding HBV infection and vaccination is very poor in the rural area of Bangladesh.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jcamr.v1i1.19558J Curr Adv Med Res 2014;1(1):3-7

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